A comprehensive data-driven odyssey to explore the equation of state of dark energy

Abstract

For the first time, we reconstruct the dark energy equation of the state parameter $w$ from the combination of background and perturbation observations, specifically combining the Hubble parameter data from cosmic chronometer observations and the logarithmic growth rate data from the growth rate observations. We do this analysis using posterior Gaussian process regression without considering any specific cosmological model or parametrization. However there are three main assumptions: (I) a flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric is considered for the cosmological background, (II) there is no interaction between dark energy and matter sectors, and (III) for the growth of inhomogeneity, sub-Hubble approximation and linear perturbations are considered. This study is unique in the sense that the reconstruction of $w$ is independent of any derived parameters such as the present values of the matter-energy density parameter and Hubble parameter. From the reconstruction, we look at how the dark energy equation of state evolves between redshifts 0 and 1.5, finding a slight hint of dynamical behavior in dark energy. However, the evidence is not significant. We also find a leaning towards non-phantom behavior over phantom behavior. We observe that the $\Lambda$CDM model ($w=-1$) nearly touches the lower boundary of the 1$\sigma$ confidence region in the redshift range $0.6\lesssim z\lesssim 0.85$. However, it comfortably resides within the 2$\sigma$ confidence region in the whole redshift range under investigation, $0\le z\le 1.5$. Consequently, the non-parametric, model-independent reconstruction of dark energy provides no compelling evidence to deviate from the $\Lambda$CDM model when considering cosmic chronometer and growth rate observations.

arXiv commentMinor revision. Published in EPJC

References in corpus (92)

• Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
• Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
• Dynamics of dark energy
• The Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy
• Unified cosmic history in modified gravity: from F(R) theory to Lorentz non-invariant models
• Modified Gravity and Cosmology
• The Case for a Positive Cosmological Lambda-term
• Modified Gravity Theories on a Nutshell: Inflation, Bounce and Late-time Evolution
• Quintessence, Cosmic Coincidence, and the Cosmological Constant
• The Cosmological Constant
• Discovery of a Supernova Explosion at Half the Age of the Universe and its Cosmological Implications
• Exploring the Expansion History of the Universe
• Accelerating Universes with Scaling Dark Matter
• Dark energy cosmology: the equivalent description via different theoretical models and cosmography tests
• A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
• In the Realm of the Hubble tension $-$ a Review of Solutions
• Cosmological Constraints from the SDSS Luminous Red Galaxies
• Constraints on the redshift dependence of the dark energy potential
• A 6% measurement of the Hubble parameter at $z\sim 0.45$: direct evidence of the epoch of cosmic re-acceleration
• Cosmic Chronometers: Constraining the Equation of State of Dark Energy. I: H(z) Measurements
• Raising the bar: new constraints on the Hubble parameter with cosmic chronometers at z$\sim$2
• Constraining Cosmological Parameters Based on Relative Galaxy Ages
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: correlation functions, peculiar velocities and the matter density of the Universe
• Cosmic Distances Calibrated to 1% Precision with Gaia EDR3 Parallaxes and Hubble Space Telescope Photometry of 75 Milky Way Cepheids Confirm Tension with LambdaCDM
• Reconstructing Dark Energy
• Cosmological Tests of Modified Gravity
• A test of the nature of cosmic acceleration using galaxy redshift distortions
• Age-dating Luminous Red Galaxies observed with the Southern African Large Telescope
• New physics in light of the $H_0$ tension: an alternative view
• The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: the growth rate of cosmic structure since redshift z=0.9
• Dark Energy vs. Modified Gravity
• Reconstruction of dark energy and expansion dynamics using Gaussian processes
• Approaches to Understanding Cosmic Acceleration
• The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: BAO and RSD measurements from anisotropic clustering analysis of the Quasar Sample in configuration space between redshift 0.8 and 2.2
• Dark energy two decades after: Observables, probes, consistency tests
• Aspects of the cosmological "coincidence problem"
• Gaussian Process Cosmography
• Modified gravity models of dark energy
• Setting the Stage for Cosmic Chronometers. II. Impact of Stellar Population Synthesis Models Systematics and Full Covariance Matrix
• A parametric model for dark energy
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): improved cosmic growth measurements using multiple tracers of large-scale structure
• The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO Survey: QSO clustering and the L-z degeneracy
• Theoretical Models of Dark Energy
• Toward a Better Understanding of Cosmic Chronometers: A new measurement of H(z) at z~0.7
• The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO Survey: The LRG 2-Point Correlation Function and Redshift-Space Distortions
• Hubble Sinks In The Low-Redshift Swampland
• Does Hubble Tension Signal a Breakdown in FLRW Cosmology?
• Evolution of dark energy reconstructed from the latest observations
• K-essence and the coincidence problem
• Nonparametric Reconstruction of the Dark Energy Equation of State from Diverse Data Sets
• Finite-time Cosmological Singularities and the Possible Fate of the Universe
• Probing the cosmographic parameters to distinguish between dark energy and modified gravity models
• How to use GP: Effects of the mean function and hyperparameter selection on Gaussian Process regression
• Measurements of $H_0$ and reconstruction of the dark energy properties from a model-independent joint analysis
• Model-independent reconstruction of the linear anisotropic stress $\eta$
• Reconstruction of the Dark Energy equation of state
• Parametric and nonparametric methods hint dark energy evolution
• Cosmography approach to dark energy cosmologies: new constrains using the Hubble diagrams of supernovae, quasars and gamma-ray bursts
• Gaussian processes reconstruction of dark energy from observational data
• Non-parametric reconstruction of the cosmological \textit{jerk} parameter
• Testing the Mutual Consistency of the Pantheon and SDSS/eBOSS BAO Data Sets with Gaussian Processes
• Inferring $S_8(z)$ and $\gamma (z)$ with cosmic growth rate measurements using machine learning
• Reconstruction of the Dark Energy equation of state from latest data: the impact of theoretical priors
• The growth rate of cosmic structures in the local Universe with the ALFALFA survey
• Bayesian Evidences for Dark Energy models in light of current obsevational data
• Are $H_0$ and ${\sigma }_8$ tensions generic to present cosmological data?
• Revisiting a non-parametric reconstruction of the deceleration parameter from combined background and the growth rate data
• Principal reconstructed modes of dark energy and gravity
• Cosmic expansion parametrization: Implication for curvature and ${\text{H}}_0$ tension
• Model-independent constraints on ${\Omega }_m$ and $H(z)$ from the link between geometry and growth
• Constraining the curvature density parameter in cosmology
• Cosmographic view on the $H_0$ and ${\sigma }_8$ tensions
• Model independent bounds on Type Ia supernova absolute peak magnitude
• Parameter splitting in dark energy: is dark energy the same in the background and in the cosmic structures?
• Weak lensing probe of cubic Galileon model
• Observed galaxy power spectrum in cubic Galileon model
• Measuring dark energy with expansion and growth
• Revisiting a model-independent dark energy reconstruction method
• Spatial Curvature and Thermodynamics
• Nonlinear effects of dark energy clustering beyond the acoustic scales
• A model independent parametrization of the late time cosmic acceleration: constraints on the parameters from recent observations
• Imprint of thawing scalar fields on large scale galaxy overdensity
• Reconstructing the Hubble parameter with future Gravitational Wave missions using Machine Learning
• Analytical Gaussian Process Cosmography: Unveiling Insights into Matter-Energy Density Parameter at Present
• Minimal model dependent constraints on cosmological nuisance parameters and cosmic curvature from combinations of cosmological data
• Reconstructing the growth index $\gamma$ with Gaussian Processes
• Checking the second law at cosmic scales
• Constraints on the speed of sound in the k-essence model of dark energy
• Data-driven and Almost Model-independent Reconstruction of Modified Gravity
• 21 cm power spectrum in interacting cubic Galileon model
• Probing dark energy using convergence power spectrum and bi-spectrum
• Nonlinear power spectrum in clustering and smooth dark energy models beyond the BAO scale

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Nonparametric late-time expansion history reconstruction and implications for the Hubble tension in light of recent DESI and type Ia supernovae data
• A new diagnostic for the null test of dynamical dark energy in light of DESI 2024 and other BAO data
• Model-agnostic assessment of dark energy after DESI DR1 BAO
• Non-parametric reconstruction of cosmological observables using Gaussian Processes Regression
• Measuring the matter fluctuations in the Local Universe with the ALFALFA catalog