First-order Phase Transition interpretation of PTA signal produces solar-mass Black Holes

Abstract

We perform a Bayesian analysis of NANOGrav 15yr and IPTA DR2 pulsar timing residuals and show that the recently detected stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) is compatible with a SGWB produced by bubble dynamics during a cosmological first-order phase transition. The timing data suggests that the phase transition would occur around QCD confinement temperature and would have a slow rate of completion. This scenario can naturally lead to the abundant production of primordial black holes (PBHs) with solar masses. These PBHs can potentially be detected by current and advanced gravitational wave detectors LIGO-Virgo-Kagra, Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer, by astrometry with GAIA and by 21-cm survey.

arXiv commentPublished in PRL

References in corpus (94)

• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-Wave Background
• Search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Limits on the Macho Content of the Galactic Halo from the EROS-2 Survey of the Magellanic Clouds
• Science with the space-based interferometer eLISA. II: Gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions
• Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational Radiation from First-Order Phase Transitions
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Search for Signals from New Physics
• The NANOGrav 12.5-year Data Set: Search For An Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
• Relic neutrino decoupling including flavour oscillations
• Detecting gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions with LISA: an update
• Energy Budget of Cosmological First-order Phase Transitions
• Gravitational Wave Production by Collisions: More Bubbles
• MeV-scale Reheating Temperature and Thermalization of Neutrino Background
• Gravitational waves from the sound of a first order phase transition
• Numerical simulations of acoustically generated gravitational waves at a first order phase transition
• The stochastic gravitational wave background from turbulence and magnetic fields generated by a first-order phase transition
• Detection methods for stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds: a unified treatment
• Cosmic microwave background limits on accreting primordial black holes
• Shape of the acoustic gravitational wave power spectrum from a first order phase transition
• Precision big bang nucleosynthesis with improved Helium-4 predictions
• Gravitational Waves from Coalescing Black Hole MACHO Binaries
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Constraints on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from the Gravitational Wave Background
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Observations and Timing of 68 Millisecond Pulsars
• The International Pulsar Timing Array second data release: Search for an isotropic Gravitational Wave Background
• General Properties of the Gravitational Wave Spectrum from Phase Transitions
• On the evidence for a common-spectrum process in the search for the nanohertz gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Relic neutrino decoupling with flavour oscillations revisited
• Gravitational wave generation from bubble collisions in first-order phase transitions: an analytic approach
• Formation and Evolution of Primordial Black Hole Binaries in the Early Universe
• MeV-scale reheating temperature and thermalization of oscillating neutrinos by radiative and hadronic decays of massive particles
• Gravitational wave energy budget in strongly supercooled phase transitions
• CMB bounds on disk-accreting massive Primordial Black Holes
• Electroweak Bubble Wall Speed Limit
• Common-red-signal analysis with 24-yr high-precision timing of the European Pulsar Timing Array: Inferences in the stochastic gravitational-wave background search
• Cosmic microwave background bounds on primordial black holes including dark matter halo accretion
• Gravitational waves from bubble collisions: analytic derivation
• Expected properties of the first gravitational wave signal detected with pulsar timing arrays
• Primordial Magnetic Fields and Causality
• The NANOGrav Nine-year Data Set: Observations, Arrival Time Measurements, and Analysis of 37 Millisecond Pulsars
• The Spectrum of Gravitational Radiation from Primordial Turbulence
• Universal infrared scaling of gravitational wave background spectra
• Sound shell model for acoustic gravitational wave production at a first-order phase transition in the early Universe
• Inflationary interpretation of the stochastic gravitational wave background signal detected by pulsar timing array experiments
• Search for sub-solar mass ultracompact binaries in Advanced LIGO's second observing run
• Primordial Black Holes Confront LIGO/Virgo data: Current situation
• A robust upper limit on N_eff from BBN, circa 2011
• The Gravitational Wave Background from Massive Black Hole Binaries in Illustris: spectral features and time to detection with pulsar timing arrays
• Gravitational waves from first order cosmological phase transitions in the Sound Shell Model
• A brief review on primordial black holes as dark matter
• Primordial black hole production during first-order phase transitions
• Black Holes' Dark Dress: On the merger rate of a subdominant population of primordial black holes
• The NANOGrav 15-Year Data Set: Detector Characterization and Noise Budget
• Gravitational waves from vacuum first order phase transitions II: from thin to thick walls
• Numerical Simulations of Gravitational Waves from Early-Universe Turbulence
• Gravitational Waves and Dark Radiation from Dark Phase Transition: Connecting NANOGrav Pulsar Timing Data and Hubble Tension
• Gravitational waves from bubble dynamics: Beyond the Envelope
• Friction pressure on relativistic bubble walls
• Searching For Gravitational Waves From Cosmological Phase Transitions With The NANOGrav 12.5-year dataset
• Bubble wall velocity: heavy physics effects
• Gravitational radiation from a bulk flow model
• Astrophysics Milestones For Pulsar Timing Array Gravitational Wave Detection
• Distinguishing Primordial Black Holes from Astrophysical Black Holes by Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• The NANOGrav Nine-Year Data Set: Measurement and Interpretation of Variations in Dispersion Measures
• Insights on the astrophysics of supermassive black hole binaries from pulsar timing observations
• Primordial black holes from strong first-order phase transitions
• Observing Invisible Axions with Gravitational Waves
• The Cosmic Axion Background
• Gravitational Waves from Domain Walls in Pulsar Timing Array Datasets
• Gravitational wave spectra from strongly supercooled phase transitions
• Constraining astrophysical observables of Galaxy and Supermassive Black Hole Binary Mergers using Pulsar Timing Arrays
• Gravitational Waves produced by Compressible MHD Turbulence from Cosmological Phase Transitions
• Gravitational Waves from Global Cosmic Strings and Cosmic Archaeology
• Whispers from the dark side: Confronting light new physics with NANOGrav data
• Massive black hole binary systems and the NANOGrav 12.5 year results
• Constraining the primordial black hole abundance with 21cm cosmology
• Causal gravitational waves as a probe of free streaming particles and the expansion of the Universe
• Revisiting the envelope approximation: gravitational waves from bubble collisions
• Halometry from Astrometry
• String Fragmentation in Supercooled Confinement and Implications for Dark Matter
• Gravitational waves from colliding vacuum bubbles in gauge theories
• Prospects for probing gravitational waves from primordial black hole binaries
• Generation of gravitational waves from freely decaying turbulence
• NANOGrav results and Dark First Order Phase Transitions
• Ultra-low frequency gravitational waves from cosmological and astrophysical processes
• A hybrid simulation of gravitational wave production in first-order phase transitions
• Can we observe the QCD phase transition-generated gravitational waves through pulsar timing arrays?
• Higgsless simulations of cosmological phase transitions and gravitational waves
• Noise analysis in the European Pulsar Timing Array data release 2 and its implications on the gravitational-wave background search
• Gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions: Ultra-supercooled transitions and the fate of relativistic shocks
• Cosmological Constraints on First-Order Phase Transitions
• NANOGrav Signal from First-Order Confinement/Deconfinement Phase Transition in Different QCD Matters
• A quasar-based supermassive black hole binary population model: implications for the gravitational-wave background
• Astrometric Microlensing of Primordial Black Holes with Gaia
• Detecting Dark Compact Objects in Gaia DR4: A Data Analysis Pipeline for Transient Astrometric Lensing Searches

Cited by in corpus (47)

• Primordial Black Holes from Supercooled Phase Transitions
• Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?
• Nano-Hertz gravitational waves from collapsing domain walls associated with freeze-in dark matter in light of pulsar timing array observations
• Ultra-low mass PBHs in the early universe can explain the PTA signal
• Realisation of the ultra-slow roll phase in Galileon inflation and PBH overproduction
• NANOGrav hints for first-order confinement-deconfinement phase transition in different QCD-matter scenarios
• Primordial Black Holes from Conformal Higgs
• Bounds on Ultralight Dark Matter from NANOGrav
• Pulsar Timing Arrays and Primordial Black Holes from a Supercooled Phase Transition
• Search for Non-Tensorial Gravitational-Wave Backgrounds in the NANOGrav 15-Year Data Set
• Enhancement of gravitational waves at Q-ball decay including non-linear density perturbations
• Primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from false vacuum islands
• Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations
• Obviating PBH overproduction for SIGWs generated by Pulsar Timing Arrays in loop corrected EFT of bounce
• Prospects for Taiji to detect a gravitational-wave background from cosmic strings
• Slaying Axion-Like Particles via Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes from Supercooled Phase Transition
• Can we distinguish the adiabatic fluctuations and isocurvature fluctuations with pulsar timing arrays?
• Enhanced Early Galaxy Formation in JWST from Axion Dark Matter?
• Bubbletrons: Ultrahigh-Energy Particle Collisions and Heavy Dark Matter at Phase Transitions
• Untangling PBH overproduction in $w$-SIGWs generated by Pulsar Timing Arrays for MST-EFT of single field inflation
• Constraining the history of reheating with the NANOGrav 15-year data
• Primordial Black Hole Formation via Inverted Bubble Collapse
• Sub-GeV dark matter and nano-Hertz gravitational waves from a classically conformal dark sector
• Cosmological Consequences of Domain Walls Biased by Quantum Gravity
• General bubble expansion at strong coupling
• Curvature Perturbations from First-Order Phase Transitions: Implications to Black Holes and Gravitational Waves
• Primordial Black Holes (as Dark Matter) from the Supercooled Phase Transitions with Radiative Symmetry Breaking
• Constraining string cosmology with the gravitational-wave background using the NANOGrav 15-year data set
• From Hubble to Bubble
• Detecting a Gravitational-Wave Background from Inflation with Null Energy Condition Violation: Prospects for Taiji
• Thermodynamical uncertainties for primordial black holes from cosmological phase transitions
• Supercooled phase transitions in conformal dark sectors explain NANOGrav data
• Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• Supercooled Dark Scalar Phase Transitions explanation of NANOGrav data
• Can asteroid-mass PBHDM be compatible with catalyzed phase transition interpretation of PTA?
• Reconstructing early universe evolution with gravitational waves from supercooled phase transitions
• Is PSR J0514$-$4002E in a PBH-NS binary?
• Bubbles kick off primordial black holes to form more binaries
• Radiative symmetry breaking from the on-shell perspective
• Postsphaleron darkogenesis
• Phase transition catalyzed by primordial black holes
• Could the stochastic gravitational wave background from newborn magnetars be detected by the advanced LIGO and Einstein Telescope?
• Primordial Black Holes from Spatially Varying Cosmological Constant Induced by Field Fluctuations in Extra Dimensions
• Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes produced by Dark Meta Stable Vacuum Decay
• Can we hear beats with pulsar timing arrays?
• The Dark Side of the Moon: Listening to Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves
• Neutron Portal and Dark Matter-Baryon Coincidence: from UV Completion to Phenomenology