Optical and X-ray GRB Fundamental Planes as Cosmological Distance Indicators

Abstract

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), can be employed as standardized candles, extending the distance ladder beyond Supernovae Type Ia (SNe Ia, $z=2.26$). We standardize GRBs using the 3D fundamental plane relation (the Dainotti relation) among the rest-frame end time of the X-ray plateau emission, its corresponding luminosity, and the peak prompt luminosity. Combining SNe Ia and GRBs, we constrain ${\Omega }_{\text{M}}=0.299\pm 0.009$ assuming a flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmology with and without correcting GRBs for selection biases and redshift evolution. Using a 3D optical Dainotti correlation, we find this sample is as efficacious in the determination of ${\Omega }_{\text{M}}$ as the X-ray sample. We trimmed our GRB samples to achieve tighter planes to simulate additional GRBs. We determined how many GRBs are needed as standalone probes to achieve a comparable precision on ${\Omega }_{\text{M}}$ to the one obtained by SNe Ia only. We reach the same error measurements derived using SNe Ia in 2011 and 2014 with 142 and 284 simulated optical GRBs, respectively, considering the errorbars on the variables halved. These error limits will be reached in 2038 and in 2047, respectively. Using a doubled sample (obtained by future machine learning approaches allowing a lightcurve reconstruction and the estimates of GRB redhifts when z is unknown) compared to the current sample, with errorbars halved we will reach the same precision as SNe Ia in 2011 and 2014, now and in 2026, respectively. If we consider the current SNe precision, this will be reached with 390 optical GRBs by 2054.

31 pages, 17 figures, 10 tables

References in corpus (35)

• Supernova Constraints and Systematic Uncertainties from the First 3 Years of the Supernova Legacy Survey
• Measurements of the Hubble Constant: Tensions in Perspective
• A Luminous Quasar at Redshift 7.642
• Discerning the physical origins of cosmological Gamma-ray bursts based on multiple observational criteria: the cases of z=6.7 GRB 080913, z=8.3 GRB 090423, and some short/hard GRBs
• The Millisecond Magnetar Central Engine in short GRBs
• A decade of Gamma-Ray Bursts observed by $Fermi$-LAT: The 2${}^{nd}$ GRB catalog
• On the evolution of the Hubble constant with the SNe Ia Pantheon Sample and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: a feasibility study for GRB-cosmology in 2030
• A time - luminosity correlation for Gamma Ray Bursts in the X - rays
• Cosmology with gamma-ray bursts: I. The Hubble diagram through the calibrated $E_{\mathrm{p},\mathrm{i}}$ - $E_{\mathrm{iso}}$ correlation
• Constraining properties of GRB magnetar central engines using the observed plateau luminosity and duration correlation
• Using Pantheon and DES supernova, baryon acoustic oscillation, and Hubble parameter data to constrain the Hubble constant, dark energy dynamics, and spatial curvature
• Cosmology with gamma-ray bursts: II Cosmography challenges and cosmological scenarios for the accelerated Universe
• Gamma-Ray Bursts in $1.8<z<5.6$ Suggest that the Time Variation of the Dark Energy is Small
• The X-ray fundamental plane of the Platinum Sample, the Kilonovae and the SNe Ib/c associated with GRBs
• Confirming the gamma-ray burst spectral-energy correlations in the era of multiple time breaks
• Cosmological Evolution of Long Gamma-ray Bursts and Star Formation Rate
• Determining the range of validity of quasar X-ray and UV flux measurements for constraining cosmological model parameters
• Standardizing Platinum Dainotti-correlated gamma-ray bursts, and using them with standardized Amati-correlated gamma-ray bursts to constrain cosmological model parameters
• Study of possible systematics in the L*X - Ta* correlation of Gamma Ray Bursts
• A hot cocoon in the ultralong GRB 130925A: hints of a PopIII-like progenitor in a low density wind environment
• The Optical Luminosity-Time Correlation for More Than 100 Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
• Spectral analysis of Fermi-LAT gamma-ray bursts with known redshift and their potential use as cosmological standard candles
• Selection effects in Gamma Ray Bursts correlations: consequences on the ratio between GRB and star formation rates
• Addressing the cosmological $H_0$ tension by the Heisenberg uncertainty
• Measuring cosmological parameters with a luminosity-time correlation of gamma-ray bursts
• A case of mistaken identity? GRB 060912A and the nature of the long -- short GRB divide
• On the Existence of the Plateau Emission in High-Energy Gamma-Ray Burst LightCurves observed byFermi-LAT
• Examining Two-Dimensional Luminosity-time Correlations for Gamma Ray Burst Radio Afterglows with VLA and ALMA
• Broadband modelling of short gamma-ray bursts with energy injection from magnetar spin-down and its implications for radio detectability
• Closure relations during the plateau emission of Swift GRBs and the fundamental plane
• A long optical plateau in the afterglow of the Extended Emission short GRB 150424A: Evidence for energy injection by a magnetar?
• Gamma-ray burst afterglow plateau break time - luminosity correlations favour thick shell models over thin shell models
• Are Swift gamma-ray bursts consistent with the Ghirlanda relation?
• Accounting for Selection Bias and Redshift Evolution in GRB Radio Afterglow Data
• A deceleration search for magnetar pulsations in the X-ray plateaus of Short GRBs

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Evidence of a decreasing trend for the Hubble constant
• Gamma-ray burst data strongly favor the three-parameter fundamental plane (Dainotti) correlation relation over the two-parameter one
• Calibrating Gamma-Ray Bursts by Using a Gaussian Process with Type Ia Supernovae
• Testing Dark Energy Models with Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated from the Observational $H(z)$ Data through a Gaussian Process
• Standardizing reverberation-measured C IV time-lag quasars, and using them with standardized Mg II quasars to constrain cosmological parameters
• Quasar UV/X-ray relation luminosity distances are shorter than reverberation-measured radius-luminosity relation luminosity distances
• Current data are consistent with flat spatial hypersurfaces in the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model but favor more lensing than the model predicts
• Consistency study of high- and low-accreting Mg ii quasars: No significant effect of the Fe ii to Mg ii flux ratio on the radius-luminosity relation dispersion
• Pseudo Redshifts of Gamma-Ray Bursts Derived from the L-T-E Correlation
• Gamma Rays Bursts: A Viable Cosmological Probe?
• Radio-bright vs. Radio-dark Gamma-ray Bursts -- More Evidence for Distinct Progenitors
• Tilted non-spatially-flat inflation