Do gamma-ray burst measurements provide a useful test of cosmological models?

Abstract

We study eight different gamma-ray burst (GRB) data sets to examine whether current GRB measurements -- that probe a largely unexplored part of cosmological redshift ($z$) space -- can be used to reliably constrain cosmological model parameters. We use three Amati-correlation samples and five Combo-correlation samples to simultaneously derive correlation and cosmological model parameter constraints. The intrinsic dispersion of each GRB data set is taken as a goodness measurement. We examine the consistency between the cosmological bounds from GRBs with those determined from better-established cosmological probes, such as baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) and Hubble parameter $H(z)$ measurements. We use the Markov chain Monte Carlo method implemented in \textsc{MontePython} to find best-fit correlation and cosmological parameters, in six different cosmological models, for the eight GRB samples, alone or in conjunction with BAO and $H(z)$ data. For the Amati correlation case, we compile a data set of 118 bursts, the A118 sample, which is the largest -- about half of the total Amati-correlation GRBs -- current collection of GRBs suitable for constraining cosmological parameters. This updated GRB compilation has the smallest intrinsic dispersion of the three Amati-correlation GRB data sets we examined. We are unable to define a collection of reliable bursts for current Combo-correlation GRB data. Cosmological constraints determined from the A118 sample are consistent with -- but significantly weaker than -- those from BAO and $H(z)$ data. They also are consistent with the spatially-flat $\Lambda$CDM model as well as with dynamical dark energy models and non-spatially-flat models. Since GRBs probe a largely unexplored region of $z$, it is well worth acquiring more and better-quality burst data which will give a more definitive answer to the question of the title.

48 pages, 12 figures, GRB data are given

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Cited by in corpus (54)

• Challenges for $\Lambda$CDM: An update
• On Larger $H_0$ Values in the CMB Dipole Direction
• Optical and X-ray GRB Fundamental Planes as Cosmological Distance Indicators
• Standardizing Platinum Dainotti-correlated gamma-ray bursts, and using them with standardized Amati-correlated gamma-ray bursts to constrain cosmological model parameters
• Standardizing Dainotti-correlated gamma-ray bursts, and using them with standardized Amati-correlated gamma-ray bursts to constrain cosmological model parameters
• Standardized long gamma-ray bursts as a cosmic distance indicator
• Measuring cosmological parameters with a luminosity-time correlation of gamma-ray bursts
• $H_0=69.8\pm 1.3$ $\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\mathrm{Mp}{\mathrm{c}}^{-1}$, ${\Omega }_{m0}=0.288\pm 0.017$, and other constraints from lower-redshift, non-CMB, expansion-rate data
• Gamma-ray burst data strongly favor the three-parameter fundamental plane (Dainotti) correlation relation over the two-parameter one
• Calibrating Gamma-Ray Bursts by Using a Gaussian Process with Type Ia Supernovae
• Constraints on the transition redshift from the calibrated Gamma-ray Burst $E_{\mathrm{p}}$-$E_{\mathrm{iso}}$ correlation
• Testing Dark Energy Models with Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated from the Observational $H(z)$ Data through a Gaussian Process
• Gamma ray burst constraints on cosmological models from the improved Amati correlation
• Testing Non-Coincident $f(Q)$-gravity with DESI DR2 BAO and GRBs
• $E_{\mathrm{iso}}$-$E_{\mathrm{p}}$ correlation of gamma ray bursts: calibration and cosmological applications
• Standardizing reverberation-measured C IV time-lag quasars, and using them with standardized Mg II quasars to constrain cosmological parameters
• Cosmological constraints from HII starburst galaxy, quasar angular size, and other measurements
• The improved Amati correlations from Gaussian copula
• Quasar UV/X-ray relation luminosity distances are shorter than reverberation-measured radius-luminosity relation luminosity distances
• Current data are consistent with flat spatial hypersurfaces in the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model but favor more lensing than the model predicts
• Do reverberation-measured H$\beta$ quasars provide a useful test of cosmology?
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• Does DESI DR2 challenge $\Lambda$CDM paradigm ?
• Gamma Rays Bursts: A Viable Cosmological Probe?
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• Constraining the emergent dark energy models with observational data at intermediate redshift
• Testing the standardizability of, and deriving cosmological constraints from, a new Amati-correlated gamma-ray burst data compilation
• Standardizing the Gamma-ray burst as a standard candle and applying to the cosmological probes: constraints on the two-component dark energy model
• Deep Neural Networks for Estimation of Gamma-Ray Burst Redshifts
• Joint Analysis of Constraints on f(R) Parametrization from Recent Cosmological Observations
• Constraints on Cosmological Models with Gamma-Ray Bursts in Cosmology-Independent Way
• Constraining Coupling Constants' Variation with Supernovae, Quasars, and GRBs
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• Low- and high-redshift H II starburst galaxies obey different luminosity-velocity dispersion relations
• Unveiling the Universe with Emerging Cosmological Probes
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• Tilted non-spatially-flat inflation
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• Characterizing the equivalence between dark energy and radiation using gamma-ray bursts
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