Gamma-ray burst prompt correlations: selection and instrumental effects

Abstract

The prompt emission mechanism of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) even after several decades remains a mystery. However, it is believed that correlations between observable GRB properties given their huge luminosity/radiated energy and redshift distribution extending up to at least $z\approx 9$, are promising possible cosmological tools. They also may help to discriminate among the most plausible theoretical models. Nowadays, the objective is to make GRBs standard candles, similar to supernovae (SNe) Ia, through well-established and robust correlations. However, differently from SNe Ia, GRBs span over several order of magnitude in their energetics and hence cannot yet be considered standard candles. Additionally, being observed at very large distances their physical properties are affected by selection biases, the so called Malmquist bias or Eddington effect. We describe the state of the art on how GRB prompt correlations are corrected for these selection biases in order to employ them as redshift estimators and cosmological tools. We stress that only after an appropriate evaluation and correction for these effects, the GRB correlations can be used to discriminate among the theoretical models of prompt emission, to estimate the cosmological parameters and to serve as distance indicators via redshift estimation.

40 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Publications to the Astronomical Society of the Pacific

References in corpus (31)

• The Supernova -- Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
• Spectroscopic identification of r-process nucleosynthesis in a double neutron star merger
• The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Relativistic Jets
• No supernovae associated with two long-duration gamma ray bursts
• The Hubble Diagram to Redshift >6 from 69 Gamma-Ray Bursts
• A time - luminosity correlation for Gamma Ray Bursts in the X - rays
• Short versus Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: spectra, energetics, and luminosities
• A Cosmology-Independent Calibration of Gamma-Ray Burst Luminosity Relations and the Hubble Diagram
• A comprehensive analysis of Swift/XRT data: I. Apparent spectral evolution of GRB X-ray tails
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Data: II. $E_{\mathrm{p}}$-Evolution Patterns and Implications for the Observed Spectrum-Luminosity Relations
• Constraining properties of GRB magnetar central engines using the observed plateau luminosity and duration correlation
• Type Ia Supernova Light Curve Inference: Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis in the Near Infrared
• The Epeak-Eiso plane of long Gamma Ray Bursts and selection effects
• A fundamental plane for long gamma-ray bursts with X-ray plateaus
• Gamma-Ray Bursts in $1.8<z<5.6$ Suggest that the Time Variation of the Dark Energy is Small
• Cosmological Evolution of Long Gamma-ray Bursts and Star Formation Rate
• Generalized Tests for Selection Effects in GRB High-Energy Correlations
• Spectroscopic evidence for SN 2010ma associated with GRB 101219B
• Uncovering the Intrinsic Variability of Gamma-ray Bursts
• Study of possible systematics in the L*X - Ta* correlation of Gamma Ray Bursts
• Evidence of Exponential Decay Emission in the Swift Gamma-ray Bursts
• Selection effects in Gamma Ray Bursts correlations: consequences on the ratio between GRB and star formation rates
• Gamma Ray Burst Prompt correlations
• Reconstructing the Cosmic Expansion History up to Redshift z=6.29 with the Calibrated Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Statistical Study of Observed and Intrinsic Durations among BATSE and Swift/BAT GRBs
• The Hubble diagram extended to z>>1: the gamma-ray properties of GRBs confirm the Lambda-CDM model
• Constraints on $w_0$ and $w_a$ of Dark Energy from High Redshift Gamma Ray Bursts
• Cosmological Constraints from calibrated Yonetoku and Amati relation implies Fundamental plane of Gamma-ray bursts
• A Unified Model for GRB Prompt Emission from Optical to $\gamma$-Rays: Exploring GRBs as Standard Candles
• A New Discriminator for Gamma-Ray Burst Classification: The Epeak-Fluence Energy Ratio
• The $E_{\mathrm{p}}$ - $E_{\mathrm{iso}}$ relation and the internal shock model

Cited by in corpus (53)

• Addressing the circularity problem in the $E_{\text{p}}-E_{\text{iso}}$ correlation of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• On the magnetar origin of the GRBs presenting X-ray afterglow plateaus
• Optical and X-ray GRB Fundamental Planes as Cosmological Distance Indicators
• The Gamma-ray Bursts fundamental plane correlation as a cosmological tool
• Standardized long gamma-ray bursts as a cosmic distance indicator
• Quasar standardization: Overcoming Selection Biases and Redshift Evolution
• Measuring cosmological parameters with a luminosity-time correlation of gamma-ray bursts
• Gamma-Ray Bursts, Quasars, Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations, and Supernovae Ia: new statistical insights and cosmological constraints
• Model independent calibrations of gamma ray bursts using machine learning
• Kinematic constraints beyond $z\simeq 0$ using calibrated GRB correlations
• Gamma-ray burst data strongly favor the three-parameter fundamental plane (Dainotti) correlation relation over the two-parameter one
• Reducing the uncertainty on the Hubble constant up to 35\% with an improved statistical analysis: different best-fit likelihoods for Supernovae Ia, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, Quasars, and Gamma-Ray Bursts
• On the Existence of the Plateau Emission in High-Energy Gamma-Ray Burst LightCurves observed byFermi-LAT
• A comprehensive statistical study on gamma-ray bursts
• X-ray Plateaus in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows and Their Application in Cosmology
• Calibrating Gamma-Ray Bursts by Using a Gaussian Process with Type Ia Supernovae
• A Comprehensive Power Spectral Density Analysis of Astronomical Time Series. II. The Swift/BAT Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Examining Two-Dimensional Luminosity-time Correlations for Gamma Ray Burst Radio Afterglows with VLA and ALMA
• Testing Dark Energy Models with Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated from the Observational $H(z)$ Data through a Gaussian Process
• Statistical study of gamma-ray bursts with jet break feature in multi-wavelength afterglow emissions
• $E_{\mathrm{iso}}$-$E_{\mathrm{p}}$ correlation of gamma ray bursts: calibration and cosmological applications
• Tensions with the flat $\mathbf{\Lambda }$CDM model from high-redshift cosmography
• Revisiting the statistical isotropy of GRB sky distribution
• The quest for new correlations in the realm of the Gamma-Ray Burst -- Supernova connection
• Pseudo Redshifts of Gamma-Ray Bursts Derived from the L-T-E Correlation
• Gamma-ray Bursts as Distance Indicators by a Statistical Learning Approach
• Investigating Dark Energy Equation of State With High Redshift Hubble Diagram
• The correlation between isotropic energy and duration of gamma-ray bursts
• Calibration of gamma-ray bursts luminosity correlations using gravitational waves as standard sirens
• Reconciling low and high redshift GRB luminosity correlations
• Predicting the redshift of gamma-ray loud AGNs using Supervised Machine Learning: Part 2
• Properties of Gamma-Ray Bursts Associated with Supernovae and Kilonovae
• Characteristics of Long Gamma-Ray bursts in the Comoving Frame
• Constraints from Fermi observations of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts on cosmological parameters
• Gamma-Ray Bursts with Extended Emission: Classifications, Energy Correlations and Radiation Properties
• Radio Loud vs. Radio Quiet Gamma-ray Bursts: the Role of Binary Progenitors
• Low redshift calibration of the Amati relation using galaxy clusters
• A Quark-Nova in the wake of a core-collapse Supernova: a unifying model for long duration Gamma-Ray Bursts and Fast Radio Bursts
• Discovery of a Universal Correlation For Long and Short GRBs and Its Application on the Study of Luminosity Function and Formation Rate
• Afterglow Synchrotron Radiations follow the $L_{\mathrm{p},\mathrm{iso}}-E_{\mathrm{p},\mathrm{z}}-{\Gamma }_0$ relation of Gamma-Ray Bursts? Cases of GRBs 190114C, 130427A, and 180720B
• Radio-bright vs. Radio-dark Gamma-ray Bursts -- More Evidence for Distinct Progenitors
• Revisiting the Spectral-Energy Correlations of GRBs with {\it Fermi} Data I: Model-wise Properties
• Testing the phenomenological interacting dark energy model with gamma-ray bursts and Pantheon+ type Ia supernovae
• Unveiling the Universe with Emerging Cosmological Probes
• Unveiling the Effects of Coupling Extended Proca-Nuevo Gravity on Cosmic Expansion with Recent Observations
• Model-independent Gamma-Ray Bursts Constraints on Cosmological Models Using Machine Learning
• Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated from the Observational $H(z)$ Data in Artificial Neural Network Framework
• Gamma-ray burst taxonomy: looking for the third class on the spectral peak energy-duration plane in the rest frame
• Characterization of the GRB prompt fundamental plane using Fermi-GBM data
• Calibration of luminosity correlations of gamma-ray bursts using quasars
• Gamma-Ray Bursts, Supernovae Ia and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: a binned cosmological analysis
• Intermediate redshift calibration of Gamma-ray Bursts and cosmic constraints in non-flat cosmology
• A test of Amati relation using HII galaxy distances