Reactions Between Layer-Resolved Molecules Mediated by Dipolar Exchange

Abstract

Microscopic control over polar molecules with tunable interactions would enable realization of novel quantum phenomena. Using an applied electric field gradient, we demonstrate layer-resolved state preparation and imaging of ultracold potassium-rubidium molecules confined to two-dimensional planes in an optical lattice. The coherence time of rotational superpositions in individual layers is maximized by rotating the electric field relative to the optical trap polarization to achieve state-insensitive trapping. Molecules in adjacent layers interact via dipolar exchange of rotational angular momentum; by adjusting the interaction strength between spatially separated ensembles of molecules, we regulate the local chemical reaction rate. The observed resonance width of the exchange process vastly exceeds the dipolar interaction energy, an effect we attribute to the thermal energy. This work realizes precise control of interacting molecules, enabling electric field microscopy on subwavelength length scales and allowing access to unexplored physics in two-dimensional systems.

20+8 pages, 4+4 figures

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• Reactions Between Layer-Resolved Molecules Mediated by Dipolar Exchange
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• Long-lived entanglement of molecules in magic-wavelength optical tweezers
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• Two-axis twisting using Floquet-engineered XYZ spin models with polar molecules
• Diatomic molecules of alkali-metal and alkaline-earth-metal atoms: interaction potentials, dipole moments, and polarizabilities
• Optical Trapping of a Polyatomic Molecule in an $\ell$-Type Parity Doublet State
• Observation of generalized t-J spin dynamics with tunable dipolar interactions
• Robust nuclear spin entanglement via dipolar interactions in polar molecules
• Atomic Quantum Technologies for Quantum Matter and Fundamental Physics Applications
• Electric-field-controlled cold dipolar collisions between trapped CH${}_3$F molecules
• Manipulating growth and propagation of correlations in dipolar multilayers: From pair production to bosonic Kitaev models
• Four-body singlet potential energy surface for reactions of calcium monofluoride
• Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing
• Long-lived multilevel coherences and spin-1 dynamics encoded in the rotational states of ultracold molecules
• Two-mode Squeezing in Floquet Engineered Power-law Interacting Spin Models
• Momentum-selective pair creation of spin excitations in dipolar bilayers
• Plane-selective manipulations of nuclear spin qubits in a three-dimensional optical tweezer array
• Dressed-State Spectroscopy and Magic Trapping of Microwave-Shielded NaCs Molecules
• Atom-Molecule Superradiance and Entanglement with Cavity-Mediated Three-Body Interactions
• Multiple polaron quasiparticles with dipolar fermions in a bilayer geometry
• Nonequilibrium Critical Scaling of a Squeezing Phase Transition