Two-axis twisting using Floquet-engineered XYZ spin models with polar molecules

Abstract

Polar molecules confined in an optical lattice are a versatile platform to explore spin-motion dynamics based on strong, long-range dipolar interactions. The precise tunability of Ising and spin-exchange interactions with both microwave and dc electric fields makes the molecular system particularly suitable for engineering complex many-body dynamics. Here, we used Floquet engineering to realize interesting quantum many-body systems of polar molecules. Using a spin encoded in the two lowest rotational states of ultracold KRb molecules, we mutually validated XXZ spin models tuned by a Floquet microwave pulse sequence against those tuned by a dc electric field through observations of Ramsey contrast dynamics, setting the stage for the realization of Hamiltonians inaccessible with static fields. In particular, we observed two-axis twisting mean-field dynamics, generated by a Floquet-engineered XYZ model using itinerant molecules in 2D layers. In the future, Floquet-engineered Hamiltonians could generate entangled states for molecule-based precision measurement or could take advantage of the rich molecular structure for quantum simulation of multi-level systems.

20 pages, 4 figures + 4 extended data figures

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• A High-Power Clock Laser Spectrally Tailored for High-Fidelity Quantum State Engineering
• Enhancing Dynamic Range of Sub-Quantum-Limit Measurements via Quantum Deamplification
• Non-stabilizerness in quantum-enhanced metrological protocols
• Universal quantum processors in spin systems via robust local pulse sequences
• Quantum Metrology via Floquet-Engineered Two-axis Twisting and Turn Dynamics
• Ab-Initio Approach to Many-Body Quantum Spin Dynamics
• Nonequilibrium Critical Scaling of a Squeezing Phase Transition
• Formation of ultracold ${}^{39}$K${}^{133}$Cs Feshbach molecules
• Multi-state detection and spatial addressing in a microscope for ultracold molecules
• A Generalized Schawlow-Townes Limit
• Generating large-scale Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-like states in lattice spin systems
• Narrowline Laser Cooling and Spectroscopy of Molecules via Stark States
• Spatial Leggett-Garg inequalities
• High-sensitivity molecular spectroscopy of SrOH using magneto-optical trapping
• Strongly dipolar molecular Bose-Einstein condensates: From few- to many-body physics
• Operator delocalization in disordered spin chains via exact MPO marginals