Synthetic dimensions in ultracold molecules: quantum strings and membranes

Abstract

Synthetic dimensions alter one of the most fundamental properties in nature, the dimension of space. They allow, for example, a real three-dimensional system to act as effectively four-dimensional. Driven by such possibilities, synthetic dimensions have been engineered in ongoing experiments with ultracold matter. We show that rotational states of ultracold molecules can be used as synthetic dimensions extending to many - potentially hundreds of - synthetic lattice sites. Microwaves coupling rotational states drive fully controllable synthetic inter-site tunnelings, enabling, for example, topological band structures. Interactions leads to even richer behavior: when molecules are frozen in a real space lattice with uniform synthetic tunnelings, dipole interactions cause the molecules to aggregate to a narrow strip in the synthetic direction beyond a critical interaction strength, resulting in a quantum string or a membrane, with an emergent condensate that lives on this string or membrane. All these phases can be detected using measurements of rotational state populations.

5-page article + 4 figures + references; 7 pages + 4 figures in Supplement

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Cited by in corpus (51)

• Topological quantum matter in synthetic dimensions
• Quantum control of molecular rotation
• Building one molecule from a reservoir of two atoms
• Experimental band structure spectroscopy along a synthetic dimension
• Robust encoding of a qubit in a molecule
• Realizing Su-Schrieffer-Heeger topological edge states in Rydberg-atom synthetic dimensions
• Loss of ultracold RbCs molecules via optical excitation of long-lived two-body collision complexes
• Laser cooled molecules
• Engineering tunable local loss in a synthetic lattice of momentum states
• Forming a single molecule by magnetoassociation in an optical tweezer
• Controlling Dipolar Exchange Interactions in a Dense 3D Array of Large Spin Fermions
• A comprehensive review on developments of synthetic dimensions
• Nonlinear dynamics in a synthetic momentum state lattice
• Long-lived entanglement of molecules in magic-wavelength optical tweezers
• Sub-millisecond Entanglement and iSWAP Gate between Molecular Qubits
• Enriching the quantum toolbox of ultracold molecules with Rydberg atoms
• Enhanced quantum control of individual ultracold molecules using optical tweezer arrays
• Two-axis twisting using Floquet-engineered XYZ spin models with polar molecules
• Quantized topological energy pumping and Weyl points in Floquet synthetic dimensions with a driven-dissipative photonic molecule
• Particle exchange statistics beyond fermions and bosons
• Many-body chiral edge currents and sliding phases of atomic spinwaves in momentum-space lattice
• Strings of ultracold molecules in a synthetic dimension
• Bose-Hubbard physics in synthetic dimensions from interaction Trotterization
• Electric fields for light: Propagation of microwave photons along a synthetic dimension
• Antiferromagnetic bosonic $t$-$J$ models and their quantum simulation in tweezer arrays
• Coherent Manipulation of the Internal State of Ultracold ${}^{87}$Rb${}^{133}$Cs Molecules with Multiple Microwave Fields
• Statistical sensitivity of phase measurements via laser-induced fluorescence with optical cycling detection
• Quantum Membrane Phases in Synthetic Lattices of Cold Molecules or Rydberg Atoms
• Superfluid-Insulator Transition unambiguously detected by entanglement in one-dimensional disordered superfluids
• Building Flat-Band Lattice Models from Gram Matrices
• Synthetic dimensions and topological chiral currents in mesoscopic rings
• Entanglement in disordered superfluids: the impact of density, interaction and harmonic confinement on the Superconductor-Insulator transition
• Long-lived multilevel coherences and spin-1 dynamics encoded in the rotational states of ultracold molecules
• Microwave coherent control of ultracold ground-state molecules formed by short-range photoassociation
• Simulating Quantum Mechanics with a $\theta$-term and an 't Hooft Anomaly on a Synthetic Dimension
• Quantum annealing with pairs of ${}^2\Sigma$ molecules as qubits
• Quantized topological phases beyond square lattices in Floquet synthetic dimensions
• Non-Hermitian synthetic lattices with light-matter coupling
• Curved vortex surfaces in four-dimensional superfluids: I. Unequal-frequency double rotations
• Topological Chiral Edge States in a Synthetic Dimension of Atomic Trap States
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• Probing rotational decoherence with a trapped-ion planar rotor
• DiPolMol-Py: A Python package for calculations for ${}^2\Sigma$ ground-state molecules
• Curved vortex surfaces in four-dimensional superfluids: II. Equal-frequency double rotations
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• Microwave-assisted coherent control of ultracold polar molecules with a ladder-type rotational states
• Reflections on future problems in cluster science
• Nonlocality-induced surface localization in Bose-Einstein condensates of light
• Ultracold atomic lattice systems for simulating topological phases: A review
• Generalized pulse design in Floquet engineering: Application to interacting spin systems