Manipulation of Molecules with Electromagnetic Fields

Abstract

The goal of the present article is to review the major developments that have led to the current understanding of molecule-field interactions and experimental methods for manipulating molecules with electromagnetic fields. Molecule-field interactions are at the core of several, seemingly distinct, areas of molecular physics. This is reflected in the organization of this article, which includes sections on Field control of molecular beams, External field traps for cold molecules, Control of molecular orientation and molecular alignment, Manipulation of molecules by non-conservative forces, Ultracold molecules and ultracold chemistry, Controlled many-body phenomena, Entanglement of molecules and dipole arrays, and Stability of molecular systems in high-frequency super-intense laser fields. The article contains 853 references.

853 references, 39 pages. Review article for the special issue "Manipulation of Molecules with Electromagnetic Fields", edited by M. Lemeshko, R. Krems, J. Doyle, and S. Kais. A few minor corrections are made compared to the journal version

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• Pure Gas of Optically Trapped Molecules Created from Fermionic Atoms
• Laser-induced alignment and orientation of quantum-state-selected large molecules
• Schemes for robust quantum computation with polar molecules
• Observation of Quantum Effects in sub Kelvin Cold Reactions
• Ultracold dense gas of deeply bound heteronuclear molecules
• Optical pumping and vibrational cooling of molecules
• Precision Test of Mass Ratio Variations with Lattice-Confined Ultracold Molecules
• Field-free orientation of CO molecules by femtosecond two-color laser fields
• Hidden order in 1D Bose insulators
• Radial and angular rotons in trapped dipolar gases
• Cold polar molecules in 2D traps: Tailoring interactions with external fields for novel quantum phases
• Using Molecules to Measure Nuclear Spin-Dependent Parity Violation
• Sisyphus Cooling of Electrically Trapped Polyatomic Molecules
• Stopping supersonic oxygen with a series of pulsed electromagnetic coils: A molecular coilgun
• Magneto-Optical Trap for Polar Molecules
• Bogoliubov modes of a dipolar condensate in a cylindrical trap
• Enhanced sensitivity to variation of $m_e/m_p$ in molecular spectra
• Atom-molecule dark states in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Coherent Quantum Optical Control with Subwavelength Resolution
• Magneto-electrostatic trapping of ground state OH molecules
• Quantum-state selection, alignment, and orientation of large molecules using static electric and laser fields
• Calculations of static dipole polarizabilities of alkali dimers. Prospects for alignment of ultracold molecules
• Magnetic trapping and Zeeman relaxation of imidogen (NH X-triplet-Sigma)
• Collisional stability of fermionic Feshbach molecules
• Topological phases in ultracold polar-molecule quantum magnets
• Repulsive shield between polar molecules
• Controlling electronic spin relaxation of cold molecules with electric fields
• Creation of ultracold Sr2 molecules in the electronic ground state
• Manipulating the torsion of molecules by strong laser pulses
• A selector for structural isomers of neutral molecules
• Low-energy molecular collisions in a permanent magnetic trap
• Probing isotope effects in chemical reactions using single ions
• Ultracold Rb-OH collisions and prospects for sympathetic cooling
• The radiative lifetime of metastable CO ($a^3\Pi ,v=0$)
• Continuous loading of an electrostatic trap for polar molecules
• Control and femtosecond time-resolved imaging of torsion in a chiral molecule
• Universal rates for reactive ultracold polar molecules in reduced dimensions
• Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with dipole-dependent scattering length
• Cold N+NH Collisions in a Magnetic Trap
• Efficient and long-lived field-free orientation of molecules by a single hybrid short pulse
• Optical pumping of trapped neutral molecules by blackbody radiation
• Mechanisms of two-color laser-induced field-free molecular orientation
• Ionization of oriented carbonyl-sulfide molecules by intense circularly polarized laser pulses
• Prospects for the cavity-assisted laser cooling of molecules
• Ultracold atom-molecule collisions and bound states in magnetic fields: tuning zero-energy Feshbach resonances in He-NH (3Sigma-)
• State- and conformer-selected beams of aligned and oriented molecules for ultrafast diffraction studies
• The Prediction of a Gapless Topological "Haldane Liquid" Phase in a One-Dimensional Cold Polar Molecular Lattice
• Controlling Polar Molecules in Optical Lattices
• Implementation of Quantum Logic Gates Using Polar Molecules in Pendular States
• 1D Quantum Liquids with Power-Law Interactions: a Luttinger Staircase with Polar Molecules
• External field control of collective spin excitations in an optical lattice of ${}^2\Sigma$ molecules
• Electrostatic trapping of metastable NH molecules
• Spontaneous inhomogeneous phases in ultracold dipolar Fermi gases
• Rovibrational cooling of molecules by optical pumping
• Ionization of 1D and 3D oriented asymmetric top molecules by intense circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulses
• Dynamics of ultracold molecules in confined geometry and electric field
• Trapping molecules on a chip in traveling potential wells
• OH hyperfine ground state: from precision measurement to molecular qubits
• Large Effects of Electric Fields on Atom-Molecule Collisions at Millikelvin Temperatures
• Electric field suppression of ultracold confined chemical rates
• Alternating gradient focusing and deceleration of large molecules
• Making the best of mixed-field orientation of polar molecules: A recipe for achieving adiabatic dynamics in an electrostatic field combined with laser pulses
• Electric field-dependent dynamic polarizability and "magic" conditions for optical trapping of polar molecules
• Quantum reactive scattering of ultracold NH($X{}^3{\Sigma }^{-}$) radicals in a magnetic trap
• Designing spin-1 lattice models using polar molecules
• Time-Domain Measurement of Spontaneous Vibrational Decay of Magnetically Trapped NH
• Static trapping of polar molecules in a traveling wave decelerator
• Mechanism of Collisional Spin Relaxation in Triplet-Sigma Molecules
• Directional States of Symmetric-Top Molecules Produced by Combined Static and Radiative Electric Fields
• Operation of a Stark decelerator with optimum acceptance
• Enhanced Molecular Orientation Induced by Molecular Anti-Alignment
• Spatial separation of state- and size-selected neutral clusters
• Opto-Electrical Cooling of Polar Molecules
• Trapping of ultracold polar molecules with a Thin Wire Electrostatic Trap
• Collisional Control of Ground State Polar Molecules and Universal Dipolar Scattering
• Magnetic trapping of atomic nitrogen (14^N) and cotrapping of NH (X-triplet-Sigma-)
• Ultimate field-free molecular alignment by combined adiabatic-impulsive field design
• Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates at Finite temperature
• Mitigation of loss within a molecular Stark decelerator
• Computational studies of x-ray scattering from three-dimensionally-aligned asymmetric-top molecules
• Towards magnetic slowing of atoms and molecules
• Cold collisions of N atoms and NH molecules in magnetic fields
• Multiple packets of neutral molecules revolving for over a mile
• Nonadiabatic transitions in electrostatically trapped ammonia molecules
• Tunable disorder in a crystal of cold polar molecules
• Stark deceleration of OH radicals in low-field-seeking and high-field-seeking quantum states
• A Stark decelerator on a chip
• Non-adiabatic preparation of spin crystals with ultracold polar molecules
• Density wave patterns for fermionic dipolar molecules on a square optical lattice: Mean-field-theory analysis
• An analytic model of rotationally inelastic collisions of polar molecules in electric fields
• Trapping of Rb atoms by ac electric fields
• Laser Induced Selective Alignment of Water Spin Isomers
• Efficient method for quantum calculations of molecule - molecule scattering properties in a magnetic field
• Enhancing photoassociation rates by non-resonant light control of shape resonances
• Manipulating the motion of large neutral molecules
• Microwave Lens for Polar Molecules
• Suppression of non-adiabatic losses of molecules from chip-based microtraps
• Probing weakly-bound molecules with nonresonant light
• Collisions of paramagnetic molecules in magnetic fields: an analytic model based on Fraunhofer diffraction of matter waves
• Shaping interactions between polar molecules with far-off-resonant light
• Supersymmetry identifies molecular Stark states whose eigenproperties can be obtained analytically
• Cooling in a Bistable Optical Cavity
• The effect of a nonresonant radiative field on low-energy rotationally inelastic ${\text{Na}}^{+}+{\text{N}}_2$ collisions
• Supersymmetric factorization yields exact solutions to the molecular Stark effect problem for "stretched" states
• Rotational and rotationless states of weakly-bound molecules
• When diffraction rules the stereodynamics of rotationally inelastic collisions
• An electrostatic elliptical mirror for neutral polar molecules
• Quantum Phase Analysis of Field-Free Molecular Alignment
• Cavity cooling of translational and ro-vibrational motion of molecules: ab initio-based simulations for OH and NO
• Reflection of OH molecules from magnetic mirrors
• Laser cooling of rotation and vibration by optical pumping
• Slowing polar molecules using a wire Stark decelerator
• Alternating-Gradient Focusing of the Benzonitrile-Argon Van der Waals Complex
• Efficiency for preforming molecules from mixtures of light Fermi and heavy Bose atoms in optical lattices: the strong-coupling-expansion method
• Multiple scattering of matter waves: an analytic model of the refractive index for atomic and molecular gases

Cited by in corpus (139)

• The ExoMol database: molecular line lists for exoplanet and other hot atmospheres
• Cold molecules: Progress in Quantum Engineering of Chemistry and Quantum Matter
• Creation of ultracold ${}^{87}$RbCs molecules in the rovibrational ground state
• Quantum control of molecular rotation
• Sisyphus Laser Cooling of a Polyatomic Molecule
• Many-body dynamics of dipolar molecules in an optical lattice
• Direct Laser Cooling of a Symmetric Top Molecule
• Fifteen Years of Cold Matter on the Atom Chip: Promise, Realizations, and Prospects
• Rotation of quantum impurities in the presence of a many-body environment
• Resonant collisional shielding of reactive molecules using electric fields
• Broadband optical cooling of molecular rotors from room temperature to the ground state
• Angular Momentum Transfer in Interaction of Laguerre-Gaussian Beams with Atoms and Molecules
• Continuous Centrifuge Decelerator for Polar Molecules
• Synthetic dimensions in ultracold molecules: quantum strings and membranes
• Selective Orientation of Chiral Molecules by Laser Fields with Twisted Polarization
• Field-free Three-Dimensional Orientation of Asymmetric-Top Molecules
• Universal Machine Learning for the Response of Atomistic Systems to External Fields
• Photodissociation of ultracold diatomic strontium molecules with quantum state control
• Orientation and Alignment Echoes
• Laser-induced rotation of iodine molecules in He-nanodroplets: revivals and breaking-free
• Deformation of a quantum many-particle system by a rotating impurity
• Shielding ${}^2\Sigma$ ultracold dipolar molecular collisions with electric fields
• Magnetic Trapping of Molecules via Optical Loading and Magnetic Slowing
• Rotational control of asymmetric molecules: dipole- vs. polarizability- driven rotational dynamics
• Oriented polar molecules in a solid inert-gas matrix: a proposed method for measuring the electric dipole moment of the electron
• Laser cooling for quantum gases
• Adimensional theory of shielding in ultracold collisions of dipolar rotors
• Trapping of molecular Oxygen together with Lithium atoms
• Determination of CaOH and CaOCH${}_3$ vibrational branching ratios for direct laser cooling and trapping
• Doublon dynamics and polar molecule production in an optical lattice
• Emergence of non-abelian magnetic monopoles in a quantum impurity problem
• Orienting Asymmetric Molecules by Laser Fields with Skewed Polarization
• Strongly aligned molecules inside helium droplets in the near-adiabatic regime
• Traveling-wave deceleration of SrF molecules
• Echo Spectroscopy in multi-level quantum-mechanical rotors
• Slow and velocity-tunable beams of metastable He${}_2$ by multistage Zeeman deceleration
• Observation of persistent orientation of chiral molecules by laser field with twisted polarization
• Diatomic molecules of alkali-metal and alkaline-earth-metal atoms: interaction potentials, dipole moments, and polarizabilities
• Coherent radiative decay of molecular rotations: a comparative study of terahertz-oriented versus optically aligned molecular ensembles
• Radiation Pressure Force from Optical Cycling on a Polyatomic Molecule
• Systematic study and uncertainty evaluation of $P,T$-odd molecular enhancement factors in BaF
• Atom-molecule collisions, spin relaxation, and sympathetic cooling in an ultracold spin-polarized Rb(${}^2\mathrm{S}$)-SrF${(}^2{\Sigma }^{+})$ mixture
• Long-lasting Molecular Orientation Induced by a Single Terahertz Pulse
• Rotation of cold molecular ions inside a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Fractional Echoes
• Adiabatic field-free alignment of asymmetric top molecules with an optical centrifuge
• RichMol: A general variational approach for rovibrational molecular dynamics in external electric fields
• Air nonlinear dynamics initiated by ultra-intense lambda-cubic THz pulses
• Ultracold nonreactive molecules in an optical lattice: connecting chemistry to many-body physics
• Rotational cooling of trapped polyatomic molecules
• Strings of ultracold molecules in a synthetic dimension
• Preparation of an ultra-cold sample of ammonia molecules for precision measurements
• Laser induced persistent orientation of chiral molecules
• Ultralong-range order in the Fermi-Hubbard model with long-range interactions
• Universal probability distributions of scattering observables in ultracold molecular collisions
• Field-free long-lived alignment of molecules in extreme rotational states
• Ab initio properties of the ground-state polar and paramagnetic europium-alkali-metal-atom and europium-alkaline-earth-metal-atom molecules
• Swirling the weakly bound helium dimer from inside
• Rovibrational optical cooling of a molecular beam
• Probing the axis alignment of an ultracold spin-polarized ${\text{Rb}}_2$ molecule
• Bayesian optimization for inverse problems in time-dependent quantum dynamics
• Two interacting ultracold molecules in a one-dimensional harmonic trap
• Anomalous screening of quantum impurities by a neutral environment
• Adiabatic Channel Capture Theory Applied to Cold Atom-Molecule Reactions: Li + CaH -> LiH + Ca at 1 K
• State resolved investigation of Förster resonant energy transfer in collisions between polar molecules and Rydberg atoms
• Correlations and enlarged superconducting phase of $t$-$J_{\perp }$ chains of ultracold molecules on optical lattices
• Detecting quadrupole interactions in ultracold Fermi gases
• Microscopic derivation of multi-channel Hubbard models for ultracold nonreactive molecules in an optical lattice
• Diagrammatic approach to orbital quantum impurities interacting with a many-particle environment
• Magnetic tuning of ultracold barrierless chemical reactions
• Controlling the dynamics of ultracold polar molecules in optical tweezers
• Echoes in Unidirectionally Rotating Molecules
• Oriented polar molecules trapped in cold helium nanodroplets: Electrostatic deflection, size separation, and charge migration
• Toroidal nano-traps for cold polar molecules
• Rotational Alignment Decay and Decoherence of Molecular Superrotors
• Molecular Impurities as a Realization of Anyons on the Two-Sphere
• Shaping of the time-evolution of field-free molecular orientation by THz laser pulses
• Angular self-localization of impurities rotating in a bosonic bath
• Rotation of polarization of light propagating through a gas of molecular super-rotors
• Supersymmetry and eigensurface topology of the spherical quantum pendulum
• Electrostatic deflection of a molecular beam of massive neutral particles: Fully field-oriented polar molecules within superfluid nanodroplets
• Lattice model parameters for ultracold nonreactive molecules: chaotic scattering and its limitations
• Interaction potentials, electric moments, polarizabilities, and chemical reactions of YbCu, YbAg, and YbAu molecules
• Thermometry of Guided Molecular Beams from a Cryogenic Buffer-Gas Cell
• Control of chemical reactions using electric field gradients
• Three Dimensional Orientation of Complex Molecules Excited by Two-Color Femtosecond Pulses
• General classification of qubit encodings in ultracold diatomic molecules
• Coherent Control of the Rotation Axis of Molecular Superrotors
• Interaction-driven Lifshitz transition with dipolar fermions in optical lattices
• Molecular Orientation-Induced Second Harmonic Generation: deciphering different contributions apart
• Echo-enhanced molecular orientation at high temperatures
• Orientation and Alignment Dynamics of Polar Molecule Driven by Shaped Laser Pulses
• Laser spectroscopy of cold molecules
• Control of Ultracold Photodissociation with Magnetic Fields
• Symmetric Tops Subject to Combined Electric Fields: Conditional Quasi-Solvability via the Quantum Hamilton-Jacobi Theory
• Controllable quantum spin glasses with magnetic impurities embedded in quantum solids
• Directional Quantum-Controlled Chemistry: Generating Aligned Ultracold Molecules via Photoassociation
• Laser-induced dynamic alignment of the HD molecule without the Born-Oppenheimer approximation
• Directional properties of polar paramagnetic molecules subject to congruent electric, magnetic and optical fields
• Simulating electric field interactions with polar molecules using spectroscopic databases
• Transfer matrix theory of surface spin echo experiments with molecules
• Theoretical study of asymmetric superrotors: alignment and orientation
• Quantum dynamics of a planar rotor driven by suddenly switched combined aligning and orienting interactions
• Nuclear spin relaxation in cold atom-molecule collisions
• Shear Viscosity in Two-Dimensional Dipole Systems
• Magnetic properties and quench dynamics of two interacting ultracold molecules in a trap
• Electric-field induced helium-helium resonances
• Intrinsic Calibration of Molecular Alignment Using Rotational Echoes
• A Model for Scattering with Proliferating Resonances: Many Coupled Square Wells
• Elastic and inelastic collisions of ${}^2\Sigma$ molecules in a magnetic field
• Pair-eigenstates and mutual alignment of coupled molecular rotors in a magnetic field
• Long-Lasting Orientation of Symmetric-top Molecules Excited by Two-Color Femtosecond Pulses
• Effect of rotational-state-dependent molecular alignment on the optical dipole force
• Wigner representation of the rotational dynamics of rigid tops
• Bosonic molecules in a lattice: unusual fluid phase from multichannel interactions
• Structure, spectroscopy and cold collisions of the (SrNa)${}^{+}$ ionic system
• Microscopic theory of Raman scattering for the rotational organic cation in metal halide perovskites
• Orientation Echoes via Concerted Terahertz and Near-IR excitation
• A Comparative Analysis of Non-relativistic and Relativistic Calculations of Electric Dipole Moments and Polarizabilities of Heteronuclear Alkali Dimers
• Analysis of classical phase space and energy transfer for two rotating dipoles in an electric field
• On the impossibility of frozen nuclei
• Electric Dipole Moments and Static Dipole Polarizabilities of Alkali--Alkaline-Earth Molecules: Non-relativistic versus relativistic coupled-cluster theory analyses
• Multichannel quantum defect theory with a frame transformation for ultracold atom-molecule collisions in magnetic fields
• Measuring molecular electric dipoles using trapped atomic ions and ultrafast laser pulses
• Ultrafast infrared spectroscopy with single molecular ions
• Manipulating scattering of ultracold atoms with light-induced dissipation
• Resonances at very low temperature for the reaction D${}_2$+H
• Linear rotor in an ideal Bose gas near the threshold for binding
• Universal stereodynamics of cold atom-molecule collisions in electric fields
• Visualizing coherent molecular rotation in a gaseous medium
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• Quantum dynamics of a polar rotor acted upon by an electric rectangular pulse of variable duration
• Two-state Bogoliubov theory of a molecular Bose gas
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• Suppression of the horizon effect in pairing correlation functions of $t$-$J$ chains after a quantum quench
• A quantum-chemical perspective on the laser-induced alignment and orientation dynamics of the CH${}_3$X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) molecules
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