Probing the axis alignment of an ultracold spin-polarized ${\text{Rb}}_2$ molecule

Abstract

We present a novel method for probing the alignment of the molecular axis of an ultracold, nonpolar dimer. These results are obtained using diatomic ${}^{87}{\text{Rb}}_2$ molecules in the vibrational ground state of the lowest triplet potential $a^3{\Sigma }_u^{+}$ trapped in a 3D optical lattice. We measure the molecular polarizabilities, which are directly linked to the alignment, along each of the $x$, $y$, and $z$ directions of the lab coordinate system. By preparing the molecules in various, precisely defined rotational quantum states we can control the degree of alignment of the molecular axis with high precision over a large range. Furthermore, we derive the dynamical polarizabilities for a laser wavelength of $1064.5\text{nm}$ parallel and orthogonal to the molecular axis of the dimer, ${\alpha }_{\parallel }=(8.9\pm 0.9)\times 10^3\text{a.u.}$ and ${\alpha }_{\perp }=(0.9\pm 0.4)\times 10^3\text{a.u.}$, respectively. Our findings highlight that the depth of an optical lattice strongly depends on the rotational state of the molecule which has to be considered in collision experiments. The present work paves the way for reaction studies between aligned molecules in the ultracold temperature regime.

arXiv comment6 pages and 4 figures including supplemental material

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• Probing the axis alignment of an ultracold spin-polarized ${\text{Rb}}_2$ molecule
• Polarizability of ultracold ${\text{Rb}}_2$ molecules in the rovibrational ground state of ${\mathrm{a}}^3{\Sigma }_u^{+}$
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• Directional Quantum-Controlled Chemistry: Generating Aligned Ultracold Molecules via Photoassociation
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