Doublon dynamics and polar molecule production in an optical lattice

Abstract

Ultracold polar molecules provide an excellent platform to study quantum many-body spin dynamics, which has become accessible in the recently realized low entropy quantum gas of polar molecules in an optical lattice. To obtain a detailed understanding for the molecular formation process in the lattice, we prepare a density distribution where lattice sites are either empty or occupied by a doublon composed of a bosonic atom interacting with a fermionic atom. By letting this disordered, out-of-equilibrium system evolve from a well-defined initial condition, we observe clear effects on pairing that arise from inter-species interactions, a higher partial wave Feshbach resonance, and excited Bloch-band population. When only the lighter fermions are allowed to tunnel in the three-dimensional (3D) lattice, the system dynamics can be well described by theory. However, in a regime where both fermions and bosons can tunnel, we encounter correlated dynamics that is beyond the current capability of numerical simulations. Furthermore, we show that we can probe the microscopic distribution of the atomic gases in the lattice by measuring the inelastic loss of doublons. These techniques realize tools that are generically applicable to heteronuclear diatomic systems in optical lattices and can shed light on molecule production as well as dynamics of a Bose-Fermi mixture.

24 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (9)

• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Repulsively bound atom pairs in an optical lattice
• Role of interactions in 87Rb-40K Bose-Fermi mixtures in a 3d optical lattice
• Control of the interaction in a Fermi-Bose mixture
• Probing nearest-neighbor correlations of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice
• Matter wave Fourier optics with a strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Observation of Density-Induced Tunneling
• Spin-orbital dynamics in a system of polar molecules
• Feshbach resonances in a nonseparable trap

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