Creation of a low-entropy quantum gas of polar molecules in an optical lattice

Abstract

Ultracold polar molecules, with their long-range electric dipolar interactions, offer a unique platform for studying correlated quantum many-body phenomena such as quantum magnetism. However, realizing a highly degenerate quantum gas of molecules with a low entropy per particle has been an outstanding experimental challenge. In this paper, we report the synthesis of a low entropy molecular quantum gas by creating molecules at individual sites of a three-dimensional optical lattice that is initially loaded from a low entropy mixture of K and Rb quantum gases. We make use of the quantum statistics and interactions of the initial atom gases to load into the optical lattice, simultaneously and with good spatial overlap, a Mott insulator of bosonic Rb atoms and a single-band insulator of fermionic K atoms. Then, using magneto-association and optical state transfer, we efficiently produce ground-state molecules in the lattice at those sites that contained one Rb and one K atom. The achieved filling fraction of 25% indicates an entropy as low as $2.2k_B$ per molecule. This low-entropy molecular quantum gas opens the door to novel studies of transport and entanglement propagation in a many-body system with long-range dipolar interactions.

References in corpus (13)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• A High Phase-Space-Density Gas of Polar Molecules
• Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Ultracold dense samples of dipolar RbCs molecules in the rovibrational and hyperfine ground state
• Strongly correlated 2D quantum phases with cold polar molecules: controlling the shape of the interaction potential
• Ultracold Dipolar Gas of Fermionic ${}^{23}$Na${}^{40}$K Molecules in their Absolute Ground State
• Creation of ultracold ${}^{87}$RbCs molecules in the rovibrational ground state
• Coherent dipole-dipole coupling between two single atoms at a Förster resonance
• Collisional stability of fermionic Feshbach molecules
• Topological phases in ultracold polar-molecule quantum magnets
• Anisotropic Polarizability of Ultracold Polar ${}^{40}$K${}^{87}$Rb Molecules
• Quantum correlations and entanglement in far-from-equilibrium spin systems
• Spin-orbital dynamics in a system of polar molecules

Cited by in corpus (126)

• Supersolid formation in a quantum gas breaking continuous translational symmetry
• Cold molecules: Progress in Quantum Engineering of Chemistry and Quantum Matter
• Dipolar physics: A review of experiments with magnetic quantum gases
• A Fermi-degenerate three-dimensional optical lattice clock
• Quantum control of molecular rotation
• A Fermi Degenerate Gas of Polar Molecules
• Sisyphus Laser Cooling of a Polyatomic Molecule
• Radio Frequency Magneto-Optical Trapping of CaF with High Density
• New frontiers with quantum gases of polar molecules
• Building one molecule from a reservoir of two atoms
• Evaporation of microwave-shielded polar molecules to quantum degeneracy
• Roadmap on STIRAP applications
• Robust encoding of a qubit in a molecule
• Ultracold molecules for quantum simulation: rotational coherences in CaF and RbCs
• Exploration of doped quantum magnets with ultracold atoms
• Probing site-resolved correlations in a spin system of ultracold molecules
• Dipolar evaporation of reactive molecules to below the Fermi temperature
• Modeling the adiabatic creation of ultracold, polar ${}^{23}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}}^{40}\mathrm{K}$ molecules
• Bimolecular chemistry in the ultracold regime
• Strong coupling Bose polarons in a BEC
• Strongly interacting ultracold polar molecules
• A Quantum Dipolar Spin Liquid
• Many-Body Topological and Skin States without Open Boundaries
• A robust entangling gate for polar molecules using magnetic and microwave fields
• Quantum Engineering of a Low-Entropy Gas of Heteronuclear Bosonic Molecules in an Optical Lattice
• Nano-Scale `Dark State' Optical Potentials for Cold Atoms
• Collisions of ultracold molecules in bright and dark optical dipole traps
• Forming a single molecule by magnetoassociation in an optical tweezer
• Synthetic dimensions in ultracold molecules: quantum strings and membranes
• Defect-free arbitrary-geometry assembly of mixed-species atom arrays
• Quantum gas microscopy of Rydberg macrodimers
• Controlling a quantum gas of polar molecules in an optical lattice
• Driven-dissipative many-body systems with mixed power-law interactions: Bistabilities and temperature-driven non-equilibrium phase transitions
• Remote entanglement via adiabatic passage using a tunably-dissipative quantum communication system
• Resonant Rydberg Dressing of Alkaline-Earth Atoms via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
• Ro-Translational Cavity Cooling of Dielectric Rods and Disks
• Structures, Branching Ratios and Laser Cooling Scheme for 138BaF Molecule
• Quantum Levy flights and multifractality of dipolar excitations in a random system
• Analyzing the Rydberg-based omg architecture for ${}^{171}$Yb nuclear spins
• Doublon dynamics and polar molecule production in an optical lattice
• Multiplexed telecom-band quantum networking with atom arrays in optical cavities
• Radiative deflection of a BaF molecular beam from the optical cycling
• Dynamical generation of spin squeezing in ultra-cold dipolar molecules
• Feshbach resonances in $p$-wave three-body recombination within Fermi-Fermi mixtures of open-shell ${}^6$Li and closed-shell ${}^{173}$Yb atoms
• A new quantum gas apparatus for ultracold mixtures of K and Cs and KCs ground-state molecules
• High-resolution Internal State Control of Ultracold ${}^{23}$Na${}^{87}$Rb Molecules
• Enriching the quantum toolbox of ultracold molecules with Rydberg atoms
• Two-axis twisting using Floquet-engineered XYZ spin models with polar molecules
• Observation of interspecies Feshbach resonances in an ultracold ${}^{39}$K-${}^{133}$Cs mixture and refinement of interaction potentials
• Realizing Hopf Insulators in Dipolar Spin Systems
• Extended Bose-Hubbard Model with dipolar and contact interactions
• Effects of long-range hopping and interactions on quantum walk in ordered and disordered lattices
• Seconds-scale coherence on nuclear spin transitions of ultracold polar molecules in 3D optical lattices
• Controlling Spin-flips of Molecules in an Electromagnetic Trap
• Supersolidity of lattice Bosons immersed in strongly correlated Rydberg dressed atoms
• Staggered superfluid phases of dipolar bosons in two-dimensional square lattices
• Controlling the ac Stark effect of RbCs with dc electric and magnetic fields
• Novel $p$-wave superfluids of fermionic polar molecules
• Ultracold nonreactive molecules in an optical lattice: connecting chemistry to many-body physics
• A High Phase-Space Density Gas of NaCs Feshbach Molecules
• Efficient conversion of closed-channel dominated Feshbach molecules of ${}^{23}$Na${}^{40}$K to their absolute ground state
• Collective Dissipative Molecule Formation in a Cavity
• Floquet Engineering Ultracold Polar Molecules to Simulate Topological Insulators
• Magic Conditions for Multiple Rotational States of Bialkali Molecules in Optical Lattices
• Superfluid phases induced by the dipolar interactions
• Few-body bound states of two-dimensional bosons
• Preparation of Low Entropy Correlated Many-body States via Conformal Cooling Quenches
• Nondestructive Detection of Polar Molecules via Rydberg Atoms
• Synchronization transition in dipole-coupled two-level systems with positional disorder
• Coherent Manipulation of Orbital Feshbach Molecules of Two-Electron Atoms
• An approach to quantum gas microscopy of polar molecules
• Velocity-selective EIT measurement of potassium Rydberg states
• Active stabilization of kilogauss magnetic fields to the ppm level for magnetoassociation on ultranarrow Feshbach resonances
• General criterion for non-Hermitian skin effects and Application: Fock space skin effects in many body systems
• Renormalization group analysis of dipolar Heisenberg model on square lattice
• A quantum degenerate Bose-Fermi mixture of ${}^{41}$K and ${}^6$Li
• Ultracold mercury-alkali molecules for electron electric dipole moment searches
• One dimensional magneto-optical compression of a cold CaF molecular beam
• Monte Carlo based techniques for quantum magnets with long-range interactions
• Microscopic derivation of multi-channel Hubbard models for ultracold nonreactive molecules in an optical lattice
• Violent relaxation in quantum fluids with long-range interactions
• Synthesizing Majorana zero-energy modes in a periodically gated quantum wire
• Laser control of ultracold molecule formation: The case of RbSr
• Regular and chaotic behavior of collective atomic motion in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
• Parametric cooling of a degenerate Fermi gas in an optical trap
• Optical Feshbach resonances and ground state molecule production in the RbHg system
• Quantum phases of dipolar bosons in one-dimensional optical lattices
• Two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy of an ultracold heteronuclear molecule
• Photoassociation of ultracold long-range polyatomic molecules
• Unconventional superfluids of fermionic polar molecules in a bilayer system
• Lattice model parameters for ultracold nonreactive molecules: chaotic scattering and its limitations
• Observation of confinement-induced resonances in a 3D lattice
• Systematic Analysis of Crystalline Phases in Bosonic Lattice Models with Algebraically Decaying Density-Density Interactions
• Doublon dynamics of Bose-Fermi mixtures in optical lattices
• Understanding chemical reactions in a quantum degenerate gas of polar molecules via complex formation
• A quantum Monte Carlo study of the long-ranged site-diluted XXZ-model as realized by polar molecules
• Chemical reactions of ultracold alkaline-earth-metal diatomic molecules
• Ground state of an ultracold Fermi gas of tilted dipoles in elongated traps
• Nondestructive dispersive imaging of rotationally excited ultracold molecules
• The Role of Interspecies Interactions in the Preparation of a Low-entropy Gas of Polar Molecules in a Lattice
• Quantum phases of hardcore bosons with repulsive dipolar density-density interactions on two-dimensional lattices
• Comprehensive characterization of an apparatus for cold electromagnetic dysprosium dipoles
• An in-situ method for measuring the non-linear response of a Fabry-Perot cavity
• Momentum-selective pair creation of spin excitations in dipolar bilayers
• Spin Squeezing with Itinerant Dipoles: A Case for Shallow Lattices
• Impact of overlapping resonances on magnetoassociation of cold molecules in tight traps
• Pseudopotentials for an ultracold dipolar gas
• Excitations and impurity dynamics in a fermionic Mott insulator with nearest-neighbor interactions
• Reactive collisions of two ultracold particles in a harmonic trap
• Potential energy surfaces of the low-lying electronic states of the Li + LiCs system
• Composite boson signature in the interference pattern of atomic dimer condensates
• Precise Feshbach resonance spectroscopy using tight anharmonic traps
• Scattering of a composite quasiparticle by an impurity on a lattice
• Interplay between shell structure and trap deformation in dipolar fermi gases
• Many-body spin Hall effect with space-inversion symmetry
• Dicke superradiance as nondestructive probe for the state of atoms in optical lattices
• Bloch oscillations in interacting systems driven by a time-dependent magnetic field
• Atom-Molecule Superradiance and Entanglement with Cavity-Mediated Three-Body Interactions
• Finite temperature mean-field theory with intrinsic non-hermitian structures for Bose gases in optical lattices
• Formation of ultracold ${}^{39}$K${}^{133}$Cs Feshbach molecules
• Metastable ferromagnetic clusters in dissipative many-body systems of polar molecules
• Programmable order by disorder effect and underlying phases through dipolar quantum simulators
• Manipulating multimer propagation using lattice modulation
• Z${}_2$ topological orders in kagomé dipolar systems: Feedback from Rydberg quantum simulator
• Quantum Monte Carlo study of few- and many-body Bose systems in one and two dimensions
• Scalable platform for qudit-based quantum computing using polar molecules