Exploration of doped quantum magnets with ultracold atoms

Abstract

In the last decade, quantum simulators, and in particular cold atoms in optical lattices, have emerged as a valuable tool to study strongly correlated quantum matter. These experiments are now reaching regimes that are numerically difficult or impossible to access. In particular they have started to fulfill a promise which has contributed significantly to defining and shaping the field of cold atom quantum simulations, namely the exploration of doped and frustrated quantum magnets and the search for the origins of high-temperature superconductivity in the fermionic Hubbard model. Despite many future challenges lying ahead, such as the need to further lower the experimentally accessible temperatures, remarkable studies have already emerged. Among them, spin-charge separation in one-dimensional systems has been demonstrated, extended-range antiferromagnetism in two-dimensional systems has been observed, connections to modern day large-scale numerical simulations were made, and unprecedented comparisons with microscopic trial wavefunctions have been carried out at finite doping. In many regards, the field has acquired new realms, putting old ideas to a new test and producing new insights and inspiration for the next generation of physicists. In the first part of this paper, we review the results achieved in cold atom realizations of the Fermi-Hubbard model in recent years. In the second part of this paper, with the stage set and the current state of the field in mind, we propose a new direction for cold atoms to explore: namely mixed-dimensional bilayer systems, where the charge motion is restricted to individual layers which remain coupled through spin-exchange. We propose a novel, strong pairing mechanism in these systems, which puts the formation of hole pairs at experimentally accessible, elevated temperatures within reach.

51 pages, 23 figures; review + new perspectives

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Cited by in corpus (22)

• Magnetically mediated hole pairing in fermionic ladders of ultracold atoms
• Engineering and probing non-Abelian chiral spin liquids using periodically driven ultracold atoms
• Strong pairing in mixed dimensional bilayer antiferromagnetic Mott insulators
• A two-dimensional programmable tweezer array of fermions
• Temperature Dependence of Spin and Charge Orders in the Doped Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model
• Universal thermodynamics of an SU($N$) Fermi-Hubbard Model
• Functional building blocks for scalable multipartite entanglement in optical lattices
• Superconducting Phases of the Square-Lattice Extended Hubbard Model
• Pair-density-wave superconductor from doping Haldane chain and rung-singlet ladder
• Pairing of holes by confining strings in antiferromagnets
• Exact eigenstates of multicomponent Hubbard models: SU($N$) magnetic $\eta$ pairing, weak ergodicity breaking, and partial integrability
• Proposal for asymmetric photoemission and tunneling spectroscopies in quantum simulators of the triangular-lattice Fermi-Hubbard model
• Dichotomy of heavy and light pairs of holes in the $t-J$ model
• Dynamical signatures of thermal spin-charge deconfinement in the doped Ising model
• Quantifying hole-motion-induced frustration in doped antiferromagnets by Hamiltonian reconstruction
• Superconductivity in doped triangular Mott insulators: the roles of parent spin backgrounds and charge kinetic energy
• Schrieffer-Wolff Transformations for Experiments: Dynamically Suppressing Virtual Doublon-Hole Excitations in a Fermi-Hubbard Simulator
• Chiral superconductivity in the doped triangular-lattice Fermi-Hubbard model in two dimensions
• Particle zoo in a doped spin chain: Correlated states of mesons and magnons
• Ferromagnetism and Skyrmions in the Hofstadter-Fermi-Hubbard Model
• The fate of the spin polaron in the 1D antiferromagnets
• Spatiotemporal Quenches in Long-Range Hamiltonians