Observation of the Pairing Gap in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas

Abstract

We study fermionic pairing in an ultracold two-component gas of ${}^6$Li atoms by observing an energy gap in the radio-frequency excitation spectra. With control of the two-body interactions via a Feshbach resonance we demonstrate the dependence of the pairing gap on coupling strength, temperature, and Fermi energy. The appearance of an energy gap with moderate evaporative cooling suggests that our full evaporation brings the strongly interacting system deep into a superfluid state.

18 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (3)

• Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation of Molecules
• Crossover from a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate to a degenerate Fermi gas
• Collective excitations of a degenerate gas at the BEC-BCS crossover

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• Precision Measurements of Collective Oscillations in the BEC-BCS Crossover
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• Determination of the Superfluid Gap in Atomic Fermi Gases by Quasiparticle Spectroscopy
• Bragg spectroscopy of a strongly interacting Fermi gas
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• Dynamical vanishing of the order parameter in a fermionic condensate
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• Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of the BCS-BEC Crossover at Finite Temperature
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• Exploration of doped quantum magnets with ultracold atoms
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• Effect of Magnetization Inhomogeneity on Magnetic Microtraps for Atoms
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• Probing ultra-cold Fermi atoms with a single ion
• Polarons and Molecules in a Fermi Gas with Orbital Feshbach Resonance
• Finite temperature phase diagram of trapped Fermi gases with population imbalance
• Dynamic response of strongly correlated Fermi gases in the quantum virial expansion
• Anomalous Behavior of Dark States in Quantum Gases of 6Li
• Josephson oscillation of a superfluid Fermi gas
• Density waves and supersolidity in rapidly rotating atomic Fermi gases
• Comparative study of the finite-temperature thermodynamics of a unitary Fermi gas
• Ultracold polarized Fermi gas at intermediate temperatures
• BCS-BEC crossover and quantum phase transition for 6Li and 40K atoms across Feshbach resonance
• Quasiparticle excitations and dynamic susceptibilities in the BCS-BEC crossover
• Resonant control of elastic collisions between ${}^{23}$Na${}^{40}$K molecules and ${}^{40}$K atoms
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• One-dimensional Rydberg Gas in a Magnetoelectric Trap
• Temperature and finite-size effects in collective modes of superfluid Fermi gases
• Pairing-gap, pseudo-gap, and no-gap phases in the radio-frequency spectra of a trapped unitary 6Li gas
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• Resonant Feshbach scattering of fermions in one-dimensional optical lattices
• Quench dynamics of spin-imbalanced Fermi-Hubbard model in one dimension
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• BCS-BEC Crossover in Atomic Fermi Gases with a Narrow Resonance
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• Feshbach-Resonant Interactions in 40K and 6Li Degenerate Fermi Gases
• Radio-frequency spectroscopy of weakly bound molecules in spin-orbit coupled atomic Fermi gases
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• Non-equilibrium dynamics across the BEC-BCS crossover
• Strongly Interacting Atoms and Molecules in a 3D Optical Lattice
• A simple mean field equation for condensates in the BEC-BCS crossover regime
• Theory of non-Hermitian fermionic superfluidity on a honeycomb lattice: Interplay between exceptional manifolds and van Hove Singularity
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• Dynamical Response of Fermi Condensate to Varying Magnetic Fields
• Stripe Formation in Fermionic Atoms on 2-D Optical Lattice inside a Box Trap: DMRG Studies for Repulsive Hubbard Model with Open Boundary Condition
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• Light scattering in Cooper-paired Fermi atoms
• Phases of Bosons or Fermions in confined optical lattices
• Pair condensation in the BCS-BEC crossover of ultracold atoms loaded onto a 2D square lattice
• Polarized superfluids near their tricritical point
• Trapped p-wave superfluids: a local density approach
• Ultra cold atoms and Bose-Einstein condensation for quantum metrology
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• Unconventional interaction between vortices in a polarized Fermi gas
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• Dynamic structure factor of Fermi superfluid in the BEC-BCS crossover
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• Decay and revival of a transient trapped Fermi condensate
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• Probing ultracold Fermi gases with light-induced gauge potentials
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• Generic features of the spectrum of trapped polarized fermions
• Exact spectral function of the Tonks-Girardeau gas at finite temperature
• Interband physics in an ultra-cold Fermi gas in an optical lattice
• Calibrating the absorption imaging of cold atoms under high magnetic fields
• A generalized effective spin-chain formalism for strongly interacting spinor gases in optical lattice
• Experimental setup for the production of ultracold strongly correlated fermionic superfluids of ${}^6$Li
• Density functional theory of the trapped Fermi gas in the unitary regime
• Competition between the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase and the BCS phase in the presence of an optical potential
• Analytic normal mode frequencies for N identical particles: The microscopic dynamics underlying the emergence and stability of excitation gaps from BCS to unitarity
• Strongly bound fermion pairs on a ring: a composite-boson approach
• Significance of dressed molecules in a quasi-two-dimensional polarized Fermi gas
• Quantum gas of polar molecules ensembles at ultralow temperatures: f-wave superfluids
• Using modified Gaussian distribution to study the physical properties of one and two-component ultracold atoms
• Natural orbits of atomic Cooper pairs in a nonuniform Fermi gas
• Asymmetric Conductivity of the Kondo Effect in Cold Atomic Systems
• Dominant Andreev Reflection through Nonlinear Radio-Frequency Transport
• Goldstone and Higgs Hydrodynamics in the BCS-BEC Crossover
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• Many-body theories of density response for a strongly correlated Fermi gas
• Spin-Depairing-Induced Exceptional Fermionic Superfluidity
• Clock shifts in a Fermi gas interacting with a minority component: a soluble model
• An efficient method to generate near-ideal hollow beams of different shapes for box potential of quantum gases
• Spectral properties and observables in ultracold Fermi gases
• Dissociation of Feshbach molecules via spin-orbit coupling in ultracold Fermi gases
• Spectroscopic evidence for engineered hadron formation in repulsive fermionic $\text{SU}(N)$ Hubbard Models
• Superfluidity in atomic Fermi gases
• From Narrow to Broad Feshbach Resonances: Condensate Fraction of Cooper Pairs and Preformed Molecules
• Scattering length of composite bosons in the 3D BCS-BEC crossover
• Phase diagram of asymmetric Fermi gas across Feshbach resonance
• Dark state transport between unitary Fermi superfluids
• Scattering resonances and pairing in a Rabi-coupled Fermi gas
• Unitary Fermi gas in the epsilon expansion
• Dynamical structure factor and a new method to measure the pairing gap in two-dimensional attractive Fermi-Hubbard model
• Hybrid-pair superfluidity in a strongly driven Fermi gas
• Peaks and widths of radio-frequency spectra: An analysis of the phase diagram of ultra-cold Fermi gases
• Pair condensation of polarized fermions in the BCS-BEC crossover
• An efficient high-current circuit for fast radio-frequency spectroscopy in cold atomic gases
• Non-Hermitian topological superconductivity with symmetry-enriched spectral and eigenstate features
• Formation of ultracold ${}^{39}$K${}^{133}$Cs Feshbach molecules
• States of fermionic atoms in an optical superlattice across a Feshbach resonance
• Exploring Exotic Superfluidity of Polarized Ultracold Fermions in Optical Lattices
• Scattering Resonances in a Degenerate Fermi Gas
• Bogoliubov spectrum of a cigar shaped Fermi superfluid in an optical lattice at the BEC-BCS crossover
• Vortices in Fermi gases with spin-dependent rotation potentials
• Exploring kinetically induced bound states in triangular lattices with ultracold atoms: spectroscopic approach
• Effects of trap anisotropy on impurity scattering regime in a Fermi gas
• Non-universal Fermi polaron in quasi two-dimensional quantum gases
• Radio-frequency driving of an attractive Fermi gas in a one-dimensional optical lattice
• Finite temperature effects in light scattering off Cooper-paired Fermi atoms
• Odd-frequency superfluidity from a particle-number-conserving perspective
• Delta-Kick Collimation of Heteronuclear Feshbach Molecules
• Pairing based cooling of Fermi gases
• Pairing and molecule formation along the BEC-BCS crossover for finite range potentials
• Phase diagram of a dilute fermion gas with density imbalance
• Cold Atoms in Driven Optical Lattices
• Negative Echo in the Density Evolution of Ultracold Fermionic Gases