Fermi-Hubbard physics with atoms in an optical lattice

Abstract

The Fermi-Hubbard model is a key concept in condensed matter physics and provides crucial insights into electronic and magnetic properties of materials. Yet, the intricate nature of Fermi systems poses a barrier to answer important questions concerning d-wave superconductivity and quantum magnetism. Recently, it has become possible to experimentally realize the Fermi-Hubbard model using a fermionic quantum gas loaded into an optical lattice. In this atomic approach to the Fermi-Hubbard model the Hamiltonian is a direct result of the optical lattice potential created by interfering laser fields and short-ranged ultracold collisions. It provides a route to simulate the physics of the Hamiltonian and to address open questions and novel challenges of the underlying many-body system. This review gives an overview of the current efforts in understanding and realizing experiments with fermionic atoms in optical lattices and discusses key experiments in the metallic, band-insulating, superfluid and Mott-insulating regimes.

Posted with permission from the Annual Review of of Condensed Matter Physics Volume 1 \c{opyright} 2010 by Annual Reviews, http://www.annualreviews.org

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• Effect of Emitters on Quantum State Transfer in Coupled Cavity Arrays
• Quantum speed-up for solving the one-dimensional Hubbard model using quantum annealing
• Chiral Spin Condensation in a One-Dimensional Optical Lattice
• Probing dielectric breakdown in Mott insulators through current oscillations
• Observe novel tricritical phenomena in self-organized Fermi gas induced by higher order Fermi surface nesting
• Itinerant magnetism in Hubbard models with long-range interactions
• Specific heat and density anomaly in the Hubbard model
• Exact nonequilibrium hole dynamics, magnetic polarons and string excitations in antiferromagnetic Bethe lattices
• Ferromagnetic phase in the polarized two-species bosonic Hubbard Model