The MASSIVE Survey - XII Connecting Stellar Populations of Early-Type Galaxies to Kinematics and Environment

Abstract

We measure the stellar populations as a function of radius for 90 early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the MASSIVE survey, a volume-limited integral-field spectroscopic (IFS) galaxy survey targeting all northern-sky ETGs with absolute K-band magnitude M_K < -25.3 mag, or stellar mass M* 4x10^11 M_sun, within 108 Mpc. We are able to measure reliable stellar population parameters for individual galaxies out to 10-20 kpc (1-3 R_e) depending on the galaxy. Focusing on ~R_e (~10 kpc), we find significant correlations between the abundance ratios, sigma, and M* at large radius, but we also find that the abundance ratios saturate in the highest-mass bin. We see a strong correlation between the kurtosis of the line of sight velocity distribution (h4) and the stellar population parameters beyond R_e. Galaxies with higher radial anisotropy appear to be older, with metal-poorer stars and enhanced [alpha/Fe]. We suggest that the higher radial anisotropy may derive from more accretion of small satellites. Finally, we see some evidence for correlations between environmental metrics (measured locally and on >5 Mpc scales) and the stellar populations, as expected if satellites are quenched earlier in denser environments.

17 pages, 7 figures, Appendix not included here due to size constraints. Posted after responding to referee's comments

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• The Contribution of In-situ and Ex-situ Star Formation in Early-Type Galaxies: MaNGA versus IllustrisTNG
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• Reaching for the Edge I: Probing the Outskirts of Massive Galaxies with HSC, DECaLS, SDSS, and Dragonfly
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• An exquisitely deep view of quenching galaxies through the gravitational lens: Stellar population, morphology, and ionized gas
• The Correlation between Black Hole Mass and Stellar Mass for Classical Bulges and the Cores of Ellipticals
• The Strikingly Metal-Rich Halo of the Sombrero Galaxy
• Mapping Accreted Stars in Early-Type Galaxies Across the Mass-Size Plane
• The MASSIVE Survey XIII -- Spatially Resolved Stellar Kinematics in the Central 1 kpc of 20 Massive Elliptical Galaxies with the GMOS-North Integral-Field Spectrograph
• The Fornax3D project: The assembly history of massive early-type galaxies in the Fornax cluster from deep imaging and integral field spectroscopy
• On the assembly history of massive galaxies. A pilot project with VEGAS deep imaging and M3G integral field spectroscopy
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• Spatially-resolved stellar populations and kinematics with KCWI: probing the assembly history of the massive early-type galaxy NGC 1407
• Optical emission lines in the most massive galaxies: morphology, kinematics and ionisation properties
• Ages and metallicities of quiescent galaxies: confronting broadband ($UVJ$) colours with stellar absorption lines
• Age and metal gradients in massive quiescent galaxies at $0.6\lesssim z\lesssim 1.0$: implications for quenching and assembly histories
• Measuring Star-Formation Histories, Distances, and Metallicities with Pixel Color-Magnitude Diagrams I: Model Definition and Mock Tests
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: The effect of stellar mass and halo mass on the assembly histories of satellite galaxies
• Early-type galaxy density profiles from IllustrisTNG: III. Effects on outer kinematic structure
• The Initial Mass Function and Other Stellar Properties Across the Core of the Hydra I Cluster
• MNELLS: The MUSE Nearby Early-Type Galaxy Lens Locator Survey
• On the Origin of the Variety of Velocity Dispersion Profiles of Galaxies