Observation of long-range elliptic anisotropies in $\sqrt{s}=$13 and 2.76 TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector

Abstract

ATLAS has measured two-particle correlations as a function of relative azimuthal-angle, $\Delta \varphi$, and pseudorapidity, $\Delta \eta$, in $\sqrt{s}$=13 and 2.76 TeV $pp$ collisions at the LHC using charged particles measured in the pseudorapidity interval $|\eta |$<2.5. The correlation functions evaluated in different intervals of measured charged-particle multiplicity show a multiplicity-dependent enhancement at $\Delta \varphi \sim 0$ that extends over a wide range of $\Delta \eta$, which has been referred to as the "ridge". Per-trigger-particle yields, $Y(\Delta \varphi )$, are measured over 2<$|\Delta \eta |$<5. For both collision energies, the $Y(\Delta \varphi )$ distribution in all multiplicity intervals is found to be consistent with a linear combination of the per-trigger-particle yields measured in collisions with less than 20 reconstructed tracks, and a constant combinatoric contribution modulated by $\cos (2\Delta \varphi )$. The fitted Fourier coefficient, $v_{2,2}$, exhibits factorization, suggesting that the ridge results from per-event $\cos (2\varphi )$ modulation of the single-particle distribution with Fourier coefficients $v_2$. The $v_2$ values are presented as a function of multiplicity and transverse momentum. They are found to be approximately constant as a function of multiplicity and to have a $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependence similar to that measured in $p$+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions. The $v_2$ values in the 13 and 2.76 TeV data are consistent within uncertainties. These results suggest that the ridge in $pp$ collisions arises from the same or similar underlying physics as observed in $p$+Pb collisions, and that the dynamics responsible for the ridge has no strong $\sqrt{s}$ dependence.

10 pages plus author list + cover pages (26 pages total), 4 figures, no tables, published in Physical Review Letters, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2015-09

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