Azimuthal asymmetries in high-energy collisions of protons with holographic shockwaves

Abstract

Large azimuthal quadrupole and octupole asymmetries have recently been found in p+Pb collisions at the LHC. We argue that these might arise from a projectile dipole scattering off fluctuations in the target with a size on the order of the dipole. In a holographic scenario, parity even angular moments $v_{2n}$ are generated by the real part of the light-like Wilson loop due to the contribution from the background metric to the Nambu-Goto action. On the other hand, parity odd moments $v_{2n+1}$ must arise from the imaginary part of the light-like Wilson loop, which is naturally induced by a fluctuating Neveu-Schwarz 2-form.

improved discussion, clearer introduction and outline, added references, to appear in Physical Review D

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• Measurements of long-range azimuthal anisotropies and associated Fourier coefficients for $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ and $13$ TeV and $p$+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Azimuthal asymmetries and the emergence of "collectivity" from multi-particle correlations in high-energy pA collisions
• Hydrodynamic Collectivity in Proton--Proton Collisions at 13 TeV
• Long-range azimuthal correlations in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions from the incoherent scattering of partons
• Sensitivity of flow harmonics to sub-nucleon scale fluctuations in heavy ion collisions
• Initial state angular asymmetries in high energy p+A collisions: spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry by a color electric field and C-odd fluctuations
• Anisotropy of the semi-classical gluon field of a large nucleus at high energy
• Non-Abelian Bremsstrahlung and Azimuthal Asymmetries in High Energy p+A Reactions
• Generic algorithm for multi-particle cumulants of azimuthal correlations in high energy nucleus collisions
• High order cumulants of the azimuthal anisotropy in the dilute-dense limit: Connected graphs
• Collective flow and hydrodynamics in large and small systems at the LHC