Quantum Monte Carlo methods for nuclear physics

Abstract

Quantum Monte Carlo methods have proved very valuable to study the structure and reactions of light nuclei and nucleonic matter starting from realistic nuclear interactions and currents. These ab-initio calculations reproduce many low-lying states, moments and transitions in light nuclei, and simultaneously predict many properties of light nuclei and neutron matter over a rather wide range of energy and momenta. We review the nuclear interactions and currents, and describe the continuum Quantum Monte Carlo methods used in nuclear physics. These methods are similar to those used in condensed matter and electronic structure but naturally include spin-isospin, tensor, spin-orbit, and three-body interactions. We present a variety of results including the low-lying spectra of light nuclei, nuclear form factors, and transition matrix elements. We also describe low-energy scattering techniques, studies of the electroweak response of nuclei relevant in electron and neutrino scattering, and the properties of dense nucleonic matter as found in neutron stars. A coherent picture of nuclear structure and dynamics emerges based upon rather simple but realistic interactions and currents.

57 pages, 40 figures, accepted for publication in Reviews of Modern Physics

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• Coupled-cluster calculations of nucleonic matter
• Quantum Monte Carlo calculation of the equation of state of neutron matter
• Using Neutron Star Observations to Determine Crust Thicknesses, Moments of Inertia, and Tidal Deformabilities
• Ab initio calculation of the spectrum and structure of ${}^{16}$O
• Electromagnetic Currents and Magnetic Moments in $\chi$EFT
• Two-pion exchange electromagnetic current in chiral effective field theory using the method of unitary transformation
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• The SAMPLE Experiment and Weak Nucleon Structure
• Cold neutrons trapped in external fields
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• Auxiliary-Field Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of Neutron Matter in Chiral Effective Field Theory
• Measurement of the Rate of Muon Capture in Hydrogen Gas and Determination of the Proton's Pseudoscalar Coupling $g_P$
• Benchmarks of the full configuration interaction, Monte Carlo shell model, and no-core full configuration methods
• Pair decay width of the Hoyle state and carbon production in stars
• Electromagnetic and neutral-weak response functions of 4He and 12C
• Inclusive neutrino scattering off deuteron from threshold to GeV energies
• Asymptotic normalization coefficients from ab initio calculations
• Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electroweak transition matrix elements in A = 6,7 nuclei
• Quantum Monte Carlo approaches to nuclear and atomic physics
• On a redundancy in the parity-violating 2-nucleon contact Lagrangian
• Neutral weak current two-body contributions in inclusive scattering from ${}^{12}$C
• Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations of Light Nuclei Using Chiral Potentials
• Equation of state of low--density neutron matter and the ${}^1{S}_0$ pairing gap
• From the lightest nuclei to the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter with realistic nuclear interactions
• Thermal neutron captures on $d$ and ${}^3$He
• Electroweak Radiative Corrections to Muon Capture
• Analysis of flux-integrated cross sections for quasi-elastic neutrino charged-current scattering off ${}^{12}$C at MiniBooNE energies
• Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electromagnetic transitions in 8Be with meson-exchange currents derived from chiral effective field theory
• Muon capture on deuteron and 3He
• Pair counting, pion-exchange forces, and the structure of light nuclei
• A chiral effective field theory study of hadronic parity violation in few-nucleon systems
• Ab initio calculations of nuclear widths via an integral relation
• Monte Carlo Calculation for the neutron-rich Ca isotopes
• Real-Space Imaginary-Time Propagators for Non-Local Nucleon-Nucleon Potentials
• The Auxiliary Field Diffusion Monte Carlo Method for Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics

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• Ab initio nuclear shape coexistence and emergence of island of inversion around $N=20$
• Short-range correlations and momentum distributions in mirror nuclei 3H and 3He
• Intrinsic Correlations Among Characteristics of Neutron-rich Matter Imposed by the Unbound Nature of Pure Neutron Matter
• Finite particle number description of neutron matter using the unitary correlation operator and high-momentum pair methods
• Sampling General N-Body Interactions with Auxiliary Fields
• Sign-Problem-Free Nuclear Quantum Monte Carlo Simulation
• Temperature effects on the neutron matter equation of state obtained from chiral effective field theory
• Spectral function for ${}^4$He using the Chebyshev expansion in coupled-cluster theory
• Magnetic moments of $A=3$ nuclei with chiral effective field theory operators
• Meson-exchange currents in quasielastic electron scattering in a generalized superscaling approach
• Perturbative quantum Monte Carlo calculation with high-fidelity nuclear forces
• Uncertainties in ab initio nuclear structure calculations with chiral interactions
• Final-state interactions in neutrino-induced proton knockout from argon in MicroBooNE
• Baryons, multi-hadron systems, and composite dark matter in non-relativistic QCD
• Equation of state in neutron stars and supernovae
• Successive variational approach with the tensor-optimized antisymmetrized molecular dynamics for the ${}^5$He nucleus
• Spin-orbit coupling rule in bound fermions systems
• New many-body method using cluster expansion diagrams with tensor-optimized antisymmetrized molecular dynamics
• Perturbative treatment of nonlocal chiral interactions in auxiliary-field diffusion Monte Carlo calculations
• Defining a universal sign to strictly probe a phase transition
• Perspectives on few-body cluster structures in exotic nuclei
• Simplicity of mean-field theories in neural quantum states
• Chiral Electroweak Currents in Nuclei
• Lattice methods and the nuclear few- and many-body problem
• Modeling Neutron Star Matter in the Age of Multimessenger Astrophysics
• Nuclear Schiff Moments and CP Violation
• Second-order optimisation strategies for neural network quantum states
• Treating divergence in quark matter by using energy projectors
• Analyzing powers in $d(\vec{p},pp)n$ at intermediate and large scattering angles at $190$~MeV
• Path Integral Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations of Light Nuclei
• Exploring effects of tensor force and its strength via neutron drops
• Resistive Plate Chambers for Precise Measurement of High-Momentum Protons in Short Range Correlations at R${}^3$B
• New determination of proton spectroscopic factors and reduced widths for ${}^8$Be states in the $16.5-18.0$ MeV excitation energy region via the study of the ${}^7$Li(${}^3$He,d)${}^8$Be transfer reaction at E${}_{lab}$ $=20$ MeV
• Towards modeling cluster structure of ${}^8$Be with chiral interaction
• Non-Markovian character and irreversibility of real-time quantum many-body dynamics
• Bayesian approach for many-body uncertainties in nuclear structure: Many-body perturbation theory for finite nuclei
• Importance truncation for the in-medium similarity renormalization group
• Influence of the effective mass on the properties of nuclear matter at finite density and temperature
• Spectroscopic factor calculations in the \textit{ab initio} no-core shell model
• Studying Short-Range Correlations with Real Photon Beams at GlueX
• Exact block encoding of imaginary time evolution with universal quantum neural networks
• Precision calculation of isospin-symmetry-breaking corrections to T=1/2 mirror decays using multi-reference charge-dependent density functional theory
• Implementing advanced trial wave functions in fermion quantum Monte Carlo via stochastic sampling
• Microscopic analysis of quasielastic scattering and breakup reactions of neutron-rich nuclei ${}^{12,14}$Be
• Local two- and three-nucleon chiral interactions
• Perturbed nuclear matter studied within Density Functional Theory with a finite number of particles
• Connecting Relativistic Density Functional Theory to Microscopic Calculations
• Life Outside the Golden Window: Statistical Angles on the Signal-to-Noise Problem
• Spin Susceptibility in Neutron Matter from Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations
• Neutron matter within QCD sum rules
• Investigating nuclear beta decay using lattice quantum Monte Carlo approach
• Nuclear multipole responses from chiral effective field theory interaction
• Pairing effects on neutron matter equation of state and symmetry energy at subsaturation densities
• Calculations for nuclear matter and finite nuclei within and beyond energy--density--functional theories through interactions guided by effective field theory
• Magnetic dipole moments as a strong signature for $\alpha$-clustering in even-even self-conjugate nuclei
• Comparison of Validation Methods of Simulations for Final State Interactions in Hadron Production Experiments
• Nuclear three-body short-range correlations in coordinate space
• A comprehensive study of analyzing powers in the proton-deuteron break-up channel at 135 MeV
• First Evidence of Solar Neutrino Interactions on ${}^{13}$C
• Ab initio informed 20Ne(p, p$\alpha$)16O reaction elucidates the emergence of alpha clustering from chiral potentials
• Worldline Monte Carlo method for few body nuclear physics
• Examining the justification for the introduction of a fermion localization function
• Isospin-symmetry implications for nuclear two-body distributions and short-range correlations
• Effect of the repulsive core in the proton-neutron potential on deuteron elastic breakup cross sections
• Isothermal compressibility and effects of multi-body molecular interactions in a strongly interacting ultracold Fermi gas
• Comparing event generator predictions and ab-initio calculations of $\nu$-${}^{12}$C neutral current quasi-elastic scattering at 1 GeV
• Longitudinal form factors of $A\le 10$ nuclei in a chiral effective field theory approach
• Cold atoms beyond atomic physics
• Building Materials Genome from Ground-State Configuration to Engineering Advance
• Symmetry/asymmetry within a cylindrical lattice model of nuclear structure predicts cosmic abundance/scarcity
• The Role of Ab Initio Beta-Decay Calculations in Light Nuclei for Probes of Physics Beyond the Standard Model
• Robust ab initio predictions for dimensionless ratios of E2 and radius observables. II. Estimation of E2 transition strengths by calibration to the charge radius
• Properties of fermionic systems with the Path-integral ground state method
• Revisiting the variational two-particle reduced density matrix for nuclear systems
• BCS-BEC crossover of the strongly interacting ${}^6$Li-${}^{40}$K mixture
• Addressing general measurements in quantum Monte Carlo
• Determinant- and Derivative-Free Quantum Monte Carlo Within the Stochastic Representation of Wavefunctions
• Randomized Low-Rank Decompositions of Nuclear Three-Body Interactions
• The "Folk Theorem" on Effective Field Theory: How Does It Fare in Nuclear Physics?
• Full-counting statistics of particle distribution on a digital quantum computer
• Doubly charmed baryon mass and wave function through a random walks method
• Engineering an Effective Three-spin Hamiltonian in Trapped-ion Systems for Applications in Quantum Simulation
• New insights on the hyperon puzzle from quantum Monte Carlo calculations
• Exploring the Nexus between Thermodynamic Phase Transitions and Geometric Fractals through Systematic Lattice Point Classification
• Quantum many-body simulation of finite-temperature systems with sampling a series expansion of a quantum imaginary-time evolution
• Robust ab initio predictions for dimensionless ratios of E2 and radius observables. I. Electric quadrupole moments and deformation
• Chiral Effective Field Theory's Impact on Advancing Quantum Monte Carlo Methods
• Relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock Theory in Infinite Nuclear Matter
• Correlation between the nuclear structure and reaction dynamics of Ar-isotopes as projectile using the relativistic mean-field approach
• Nuclear correlation functions using first-principle calculations of lattice quantum chromodynamics
• Improved superscaling description of electron and charged-current neutrino quasielastic scattering using effective mass dynamics
• Coupled-cluster computations of optical potential for medium-mass nuclei
• Green's function Monte Carlo calculations of the electromagnetic and neutral-weak response functions in the quasi-elastic sector
• In-Depth Investigation of Phase Transition Phenomena in Network Models Derived from Lattice Models
• Baryon-baryon, meson-meson, and meson-baryon interactions in nonrelativistic QCD
• Neural Quantum States for Light Nuclei with Chiral Two- and Three-Body Interactions
• The EOS of neutron matter and the effect of $\Lambda$ hyperons to neutron star structure
• Most two-dimensional bosonic topological orders forbid sign-problem-free quantum Monte Carlo: Nonpositive Gauss sum as an indicator
• Finite particle-number description of symmetric nuclear matter with spin excitations of high-momentum pairs induced by tensor force
• Exploring quark mass dependent three-nucleon forces in medium-mass nuclei
• A Data-Guided Coalescence Model for Light Nuclei and Hypernuclei Production in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=3$--200 GeV
• Theoretical calculation of nuclear reactions of interest for Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
• Local chiral EFT potentials in nuclei and neutron matter: results and issues
• An overview of symmetric nuclear matter properties from chiral interactions up to fourth order of the chiral expansion
• Ab initio study in the island of inversion within the two-major-shell valence space
• Single pion-production and pion propagation in Achilles
• Diffusion Monte Carlo using domains in configuration space
• The effect of three-body nucleon-nucleon interaction on the ground state binding energy of the light nuclei
• Many-body perturbation theory for strongly correlated effective Hamiltonians using effective field theory methods
• Fundamental Physics with Electroweak Probes of Nuclei
• Normal-ordering approximations and translational (non) invariance
• Conformal prediction for uncertainties in nucleon-nucleon scattering
• Gravitational waves from deformed neutron stars: mountains and tides
• Impact of three-nucleon forces on gravitational wave emission from neutron stars
• Microscopic Theory of Nuclear Fission
• Theory of QED radiative corrections to neutrino scattering at accelerator energies
• Hubbard-Stratonovich-like Transformations for Few-Body Interactions
• Examination of the $\alpha$-cluster breaking in the four $0^{+}$ bands of ${}^{12}$C with the variation of multiple bases of the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics
• Towards a unified description of the electroweak nuclear response
• Quantum Phase Recognition via Quantum Attention Mechanism
• Evaluating Quantumness, Efficiency and Cost of Quantum Random Number Generators via Photon Statistics
• Precision measurements of A=3 nuclei in Hall B
• Constraining Hamiltonians from chiral effective field theory with neutron-star data
• Manifestation of one- and two-body currents in longitudinal and transverse response functions of the 12C nucleus at q = 300 MeV/c
• Nucleon axial-vector form factor and radius from future neutrino experiments