The In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group: A Novel Ab Initio Method for Nuclei

Abstract

We present a comprehensive review of the In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group (IM-SRG), a novel ab inito method for nuclei. The IM-SRG employs a continuous unitary transformation of the many-body Hamiltonian to decouple the ground state from all excitations, thereby solving the many-body problem. Starting from a pedagogical introduction of the underlying concepts, the IM-SRG flow equations are developed for systems with and without explicit spherical symmetry. We study different IM-SRG generators that achieve the desired decoupling, and how they affect the details of the IM-SRG flow. Based on calculations of closed-shell nuclei, we assess possible truncations for closing the system of flow equations in practical applications, as well as choices of the reference state. We discuss the issue of center-of-mass factorization and demonstrate that the IM-SRG ground-state wave function exhibits an approximate decoupling of intrinsic and center-of-mass degrees of freedom, similar to Coupled Cluster (CC) wave functions. To put the IM-SRG in context with other many-body methods, in particular many-body perturbation theory and non-perturbative approaches like CC, a detailed perturbative analysis of the IM-SRG flow equations is carried out. We conclude with a discussion of ongoing developments, including IM-SRG calculations with three-nucleon forces, the multi-reference IM-SRG for open-shell nuclei, first non-perturbative derivations of shell- model interactions, and the consistent evolution of operators in the IM-SRG. We dedicate this review to the memory of Gerry Brown, one of the pioneers of many-body calculations of nuclei.

92 pages, 33 figures, to appear in Physics Reports

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• Bulk and spectroscopic nuclear properties within an ab initio renormalized random-phase approximation framework
• Ab initio study of $\beta$-decay and pairing in $N=Z$ nuclei
• ${}^{42}$Ca and ${}^{50}$Ca with the (Many- and Few-body) Unified Method
• In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group at Finite Temperature
• Dimensionality reduction through tensor factorization : application to \textit{ab initio} nuclear physics calculations
• Computational schemes for the Magnus expansion of the in-medium similarity renormalization group
• Conformal prediction for uncertainties in nucleon-nucleon scattering
• Hartree-Fock emulators for nuclei: Application to charge radii of ${}^{48,52}$Ca