Neutrino Trident Production: A Powerful Probe of New Physics with Neutrino Beams

Abstract

The production of a mu+mu- pair from the scattering of a muon-neutrino off the Coulomb field of a nucleus, known as neutrino trident production, is a sub-weak process that has been observed in only a couple of experiments. As such, we show that it constitutes an exquisitely sensitive probe in the search for new neutral currents among leptons, putting the strongest constraints on well-motivated and well-hidden extensions of the Standard Model gauge group, including the one coupled to the difference of the lepton number between the muon and tau flavor, L_mu-L_tau. The new gauge boson, Z', increases the rate of neutrino trident production by inducing additional $(\bar{\mu }{\gamma }_{\alpha }\mu )(\bar{\nu }{\gamma }^{\alpha }\nu )$ interactions, which interfere constructively with the Standard Model contribution. Existing experimental results put significant restrictions on the parameter space of any model coupled to muon number L_mu, and disfavor a putative resolution to the muon g-2 discrepancy via the loop of Z' for any mass m_Z' > 400 MeV. The reach to the models' parameter space can be widened with future searches of the trident production at high-intensity neutrino facilities such as the LBNE.

5 pages, 4 figures, v2: minor modifications, version to appear in PRL

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• Electron Beam Dump Constraints on Light Bosons with Lepton Flavor Violating Couplings
• Mind the Gap on IceCube: Cosmic neutrino spectrum and muon anomalous magnetic moment
• Phenomenological study of a gauged $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ model with a scalar leptoquark
• Systematic analysis of search strategies for $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ gauge bosons at Belle II
• B-Anomalies from flavorful U(1)' extensions, safely
• Probing a $Z^{\prime }$ gauge boson via neutrino trident scattering in the Forward Physics Facility at the LHC and FCC
• When backgrounds become signals: neutrino interactions in xenon-based dark matter detectors
• Letter of Intent: The Forward Physics Facility
• Neutrino oscillation in dark matter with $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$
• Muon Beam Dump Experiments probe five-dimensional nature of $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$
• Explaining lepton-flavor non-universality and self-interacting dark matter with $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$
• The Cosmic Horizon of Neutrinos
• Refining constraints from Borexino measurements on a light $Z^{\prime }$-boson coupled to $L_{\mu }$-$L_{\tau }$ current
• Producing and constraining self-interacting hidden sector dark matter
• Phenomenology of the Sterile Neutrinos
• Probing the muon $g-2$ with future beam dump experiments
• Four and two-lepton signals of leptophilic gauge interactions at large colliders
• Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics at Colliders
• The $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model meets the new $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ data and muon neutrino trident scattering
• Constraining the heavy leptophilic neutral gauge bosons through the $Z\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, $W^{\pm }\to {\ell }^{\pm }{\nu }_{\ell }$, and $h\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ decays