Anomalous $Z^{\prime }$ bosons for anomalous $B$ decays

Abstract

Motivated by the intriguing discrepancies in $b\to s\ell \ell$ transitions, the fermion mass problem, and a desire to preserve the accidental symmetries of the Standard Model (SM), we extend the SM by an anomalous $U(1{)}_X$ gauge symmetry where $X=Y_3+a(L_{\mu }-L_{\tau })/6$. The heavy $Z^{\prime }$ boson associated with spontaneously breaking $U(1{)}_X$ at the TeV scale mediates the $b\to s\ell \ell$ anomalies via ${\mathcal{O}}_9^{\mu }\sim \frac{1}{{\Lambda }^2}(\bar{s}{\gamma }_{\rho }{P}_{L}b)(\bar{\mu }{\gamma }^{\rho }\mu )$. We show that this model, which features mixed gauge anomalies involving $U(1{)}_X$ and hypercharge, can be made anomaly-free for any $a\in \mathbb{Z}$ by integrating in a pair of charged fermions whose masses naturally reside somewhere between 1 and 30 TeV. The gauge symmetry permits only the third family Yukawas at the renormalisable level, and so the light quark masses and mixings are controlled by accidental $U(2{)}^3$ flavour symmetries which we assume are minimally broken alongside $U(1{)}_X$. The lepton sector is not governed by $U(2)$ symmetries, but rather one expects a nearly diagonal charged lepton Yukawa with $m_{e,\mu }\ll m_{\tau }$. The model does not explain the hierarchy $m_e\ll m_{\mu }$, but it does possess high quality lepton flavour symmetries that are robust to the heavy physics responsible for generating $m_{e,\mu }$. We establish the viability of these models by checking agreement with the most important experimental constraints. We comment on how the model could also explain neutrino masses and the muon $g-2$.

arXiv comment41 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Matches version accepted for publication by JHEP

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