Plasma-assisted fabrication of monolayer phosphorene and its Raman characterization

Abstract

There have been continuous efforts to seek for novel functional two-dimensional semiconductors with high performance for future applications in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. In this work, we introduce a successful experimental approach to fabricate monolayer phosphorene by mechanical cleavage and the following Ar+ plasma thinning process. The thickness of phosphorene is unambiguously determined by optical contrast combined with atomic force microscope (AFM). Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize the pristine and plasma-treated samples. The Raman frequency of A2g mode stiffens, and the intensity ratio of A2g to A1g modes shows monotonic discrete increase with the decrease of phosphorene thickness down to monolayer. All those phenomena can be used to identify the thickness of this novel two-dimensional semiconductor efficiently. This work for monolayer phosphorene fabrication and thickness determination will facilitates the research of phosphorene.

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Cited by in corpus (72)

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• Effective Passivation of Exfoliated Black Phosphorus Transistors against Ambient Degradation
• The Renaissance of Black Phosphorus
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• The Electronic Properties of Phosphorene/Graphene and Phosphorene/Hexagonal Boron Nitride Heterostructures
• Enhanced thermoelectric performance of phosphorene by strain-induced band convergence
• Phosphorene nanoribbon as a promising candidate for thermoelectric applications
• Modulation of electronic and mechanical properties of phosphorene through strain
• Observation of Low-frequency Interlayer Breathing Modes in Few-layer Black Phosphorus
• Edge effects on the electronic properties of phosphorene nanoribbons
• Interlayer electronic hybridization leads to exceptional thickness-dependent vibrational properties in few-layer black phosphorus
• Excitons in anisotropic 2D semiconducting crystals
• Multilayer black phosphorus as broadband saturable absorber for pulsed lasers from 1 to 2.7 μm wavelength
• Landau levels and magneto-transport property of monolayer phosphorene
• Phosphorene nanoribbons
• Thermoelectric power of bulk black-phosphorus
• Low-Symmetry Two-Dimensional Materials for Electronic and Photonic Applications
• Enhanced superconductivity by strain and carrier-doping in borophene: A first principles prediction
• Large Frequency Change with Thickness in Interlayer Breathing Mode - Significant Interlayer Interactions in Few Layer Black Phosphorus
• Exfoliation of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Low-Boiling-Point Solvents and Its Application in Li-Ion Batteries
• Electron-doped phosphorene: A potential monolayer superconductor
• Excitons in atomically thin black phosphorus
• Van der Waals heteroepitaxial growth of monolayer Sb in puckered honeycomb structure
• Semiconductor to metal transition in bilayer phosphorene under normal compressive strain
• Low-Temperature Eutectic Synthesis of PtTe2 with Weak Antilocalization and Controlled Layer Thinning
• The role of water in the preparation and stabilization of high quality phosphorene flakes
• Large Area Fabrication of Semiconducting Phosphorene by Langmuir Blodgett Assembly
• Large Electronic Anisotropy and Enhanced Chemical Activity of Highly Rippled Phosphorene
• Thermoelectric transport in monolayer phosphorene
• Ultralow-frequency collective compression mode and strong interlayer coupling in multilayer black phosphorus
• The vital role of hole-carriers for superconductivity in pressurized black phosphorus
• Electro-optical properties of phosphorene quantum dots
• Exciton binding energies and luminescence of phosphorene under pressure
• Interlayer bond polarizability model for stacking-dependent low-frequency Raman scattering in layered materials
• Probing the anisotropic behaviors of black phosphorus by transmission electron microscope, angular-dependent Raman spectra and electronic transports measurements
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• $k\cdot p$ theory for phosphorene: Effective g-factors, Landau levels, and excitons
• Mechanical Properties of Phosphorene Nanotubes: A Density Functional Tight-Binding Study
• Single-step exfoliation and functionalization of few-layers black phosphorus and its application for polymer composites
• Antimonene/Bismuthene Vertical Van-der Waals Heterostructure: A Computational Study
• Second-Order Raman Scattering in Exfoliated Black Phosphorus
• Out-of-plane structural flexibility of phosphorene
• Deriving phosphorus atomic chain from few-layer black phosphorus
• Strongly anisotropic RKKY interaction in monolayer black phosphorus
• Collective modes in anisotropic double layer systems
• Tuning the electronic properties of gated multilayer phosphorene: A self-consistent tight-binding study
• Aharonov-Bohm effect in monolayer black phosphorus (phosphorene) nanorings
• Tailoring electronic properties of multilayer phosphorene by siliconization
• Giant magnetoresistance and anomalous transport in phosphorene-based multilayers with noncollinear magnetization
• Thermal Sublimation: a Scalable and Controllable Thinning Method for the Fabrication of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus
• The impact of hexagonal boron nitride encapsulation on the structural and vibrational properties of few layer black phosphorus
• Chemical scissors cut phosphorene nanostructures and their novel electronic properties
• Tunable Electronic Properties of Multilayer Phosphorene and Its Nanoribbons
• Multiorbital edge and corner states in black phosphorene
• Exchange interaction of magnetic impurities in biased bilayer phosphorene nanoribbon
• Electronic and magnetic properties of black phosphorus
• Pseudospin Electronics in Phosphorene Nanoribbons
• An Existence Criterion for Low-Dimensional Materials
• Long-Term Environmental Stability of Nitrogen-Healed Black Phosphorus
• Edge State and Intrinsic Hole Doping in Bilayer Phosphorene
• Tunable Indirect-Direct Transition of Few-Layer SnSe via Interface Engineering
• Observation of A${}_g^1$ Raman mode splitting in few layers black phosphorus encapsulated with hexagonal boron nitride
• Magnetoelectronic properties of normal and skewed phosphorene nanoribbons
• Theoretical prediction of sandwiched two-dimensional phosphide binary compounds sheets with tunable bandgaps and anisotropic physical properties
• Efficacy of Boron Nitride Encapsulation against Plasma-Processing in van der Waals Heterostructures
• Enhanced thermoelectric efficiency of zigzag bilayer phosphorene nanoribbon; edge states engineering
• Proximity-induced spin-orbit coupling in phosphorene on a WSe${}_2$ monolayer
• Double carrier transport in electron doped region in black phosphorus FET
• Bloch dynamics in inversion symmetry broken monolayer phosphorene
• Enhanced thermoelectric properties in phosphorene nanorings
• H2 O incorporation in the phosphorene/a-SiO2 interface: A first-principles study
• The thermodynamic critical field and specific heat of superconducting state in phosphorene under strain