Spin-Imbalance in a One-Dimensional Fermi Gas
arXiv:0912.0092 · doi:10.1038/nature09393
Abstract
Superconductivity and magnetism generally do not coexist. Changing the relative number of up and down spin electrons disrupts the basic mechanism of superconductivity, where atoms of opposite momentum and spin form Cooper pairs. Nearly forty years ago Fulde and Ferrell and Larkin and Ovchinnikov proposed an exotic pairing mechanism (FFLO) where magnetism is accommodated by formation of pairs with finite momentum. Despite intense theoretical and experimental efforts, however, polarized superconductivity remains largely elusive. Here we report experimental measurements of density profiles of a two spin mixture of ultracold 6Li atoms trapped in an array of one dimensional (1D) tubes, a system analogous to electrons in 1D wires. At finite spin imbalance, the system phase separates with an inverted phase profile in comparison to the three-dimensional case. In 1D we find a partially polarized core surrounded by wings composed of either a completely paired BCS superfluid or a fully polarized Fermi gas, depending on the degree of polarization. Our observations are in quantitative agreement with theoretical calculations in which the partially polarized phase is found to be a 1D analogue of the FFLO state. This study demonstrates how ultracold atomic gases in 1D may be used to create non-trivial new phases of matter, and also paves the way for direct observation and further study of the FFLO phase.
30 pages, 7 figures
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- Induced superfluidity of imbalanced Fermi gases near unitarity
- Fulde-Ferrell superfluids in spinless ultracold Fermi gases
- An efficient method to generate near-ideal hollow beams of different shapes for box potential of quantum gases
- Stabilising Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov Superfluidity with long-range Interactions in a mixed dimensional Bose-Fermi System
- Thermodynamics and spin-charge separation of one-dimensional strongly repulsive three-component fermions
- Collective excitations of an imbalanced fermion gas in a 1D optical lattice
- Odd-parity topological superfluidity for fermions in a bond-centered square optical lattice
- Non-Abelian Majorana fermions in topological -wave Fermi superfluids
- Shear Viscosity of Uniform Fermi Gases with Population Imbalance
- Exact Solutions to Two-Component Many-Body Systems in One Dimension
- One-dimensional model of chiral fermions with Feshbach resonant interactions
- Anomalous pseudogap in population imbalanced Fermi superfluids
- Universal principles for sudden-quench quantum Otto engines
- Unconventional superfluidity in quasi-one-dimensional systems
- Engineering nonequilibrium superconducting phases in a voltage-driven superconductor under an external magnetic field
- Tunable pairing with local spin-dependent Rydberg molecule potentials in an atomic Fermi superfluid
- Bose-Hubbard model with occupation-parity couplings
- A bosonic multi-state two-well model
- Enhanced Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov and Sarma superfluid states near an orbital Feshbach resonance
- Lifshitz tricritical point and its relation to the FFLO superconducting state
- Excitation Spectra of one-dimensional spin-1/2 Fermi gas with an attraction
- Spin-orbit coupled repulsive Fermi atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice
- Trapped imbalanced fermionic superfluids in one dimension: A variational approach
- Quantum Criticality of one-dimensional multicomponent Fermi Gas with Strongly Attractive Interaction
- Pair condensation of polarized fermions in the BCS-BEC crossover
- Anomalous Flux Quantization in the Spin-Imbalanced Attractive Hubbard Ring
- Fulde-Ferrell states in unequally charged Fermi gases
- Thermodynamics of inhomogenous imperfect quantum gases in harmonic traps
- The Gor'kov and Melik-Barkhudarov correction to the mean-field critical field transition to Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states
- Topological Fulde-Ferrell Superfluids in Triangular Lattices
- In-medium bound-state formation and inhomogeneous condensation in Fermi gases in a hard-wall box
- Non-universal Fermi polaron in quasi two-dimensional quantum gases
- Crossover from collisionless to collisional spin dynamics of polarized fermions
- FFLO oscillations and magnetic domains in the Hubbard model with off-diagonal Coulomb repulsion
- A unified approach to the thermodynamics and quantum scaling functions of one-dimensional strongly attractive Fermi Gases
- A domain wall and chiral edge currents in holographic chiral phase transitions
- Path-Integral Treatment of Quantum Bouncers
- Vortex lattice in spin-imbalanced unitary Fermi gas
- Achieving one-dimensionality with attractive fermions
- Hierarchy of pairing in imbalanced three-component one-dimensional Fermi gas
- Strong Fulde-Ferrell Larkin-Ovchinnikov pairing fluctuations in polarized Fermi systems
- Unconventional pairing in few-fermion systems tuned by external confinement
- Dimension Crossing Turbulent Cascade in an Excited Lattice Bose Gas
- Structures and proximity effects of inhomogeneous population-imbalanced Fermi gases with pairing interactions
- Axial anomaly and nesting in the inhomogeneous chiral phase
- -Symmetry Enhanced Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Superfluidity
- Exotic superfluid of trapped Fermi gases with spin-orbit coupling in dimensional crossover
- Strongly Interacting Fermi Gases: Hydrodynamics and Beyond
- Fulde-Ferrell superfluids in an asymmetric three-component Fermi Gas
- Finite momentum condensate brought on by Zeeman field
- Route to observing topological edge modes in ultracold fermions
- Heisenberg Symmetry and Collective Modes of One Dimensional Unitary Correlated Fermions
- Mass-imbalance effect on the cluster formation in a one-dimensional Fermi gas with coexistent - and -wave interactions
- Nonequilibrium many-body dynamics in supersymmetric quenching
- Topological Fulde-Ferrell and Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in spin-orbit coupled lattice system