Quantum liquid-crystal order in resonant atomic gases

Abstract

I review recent studies that predict quantum liquid-crystalline orders in resonant atomic gases. As examples of such putative systems I will discuss an s-wave resonant imbalanced Fermi gas and a p-wave resonant Bose gas. In the former, the liquid-crystalline smectic, nematic and rich variety of other descendant states emerge from strongly quantum- and thermally- fluctuating Fulde-Ferrell and Larkin-Ovchinnikov states, driven by a competition between resonant pairing and Fermi-surface mismatch. In the latter, at intermediate detuning the p-wave resonant interaction generically drives Bose-condensation at a finite momentum, set by a competition between atomic kinetic energy and atom-molecule hybridization. Because of the underlying rotationally-invariant environment of the atomic gas trapped isotropically, the putative striped superfluid is a realization of a quantum superfluid smectic, that can melt into a variety of interesting phases, such as a quantum nematic. I will discuss the corresponding rich phase diagrams and transitions, as well the low-energy properties of the phases and fractional topological defects generic to striped superfluids and their fluctuation-driven descendants.

Invited Review, 25 pages, 17 figures

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Cited by in corpus (19)

• The Physics of Pair Density Waves
• The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state for ultracold fermions in lattice and harmonic potentials: a review
• Phonons, pions and quasi-long-range order in spatially modulated chiral condensates
• Landau-Peierls instability in a Fulde-Ferrell type inhomogeneous chiral condensed phase
• Phase structure of spin-imbalanced unitary Fermi gases
• Microscopic prediction of skyrmion lattice state in clean interface superconductors
• Inhomogeneous phases in one-dimensional mass- and spin-imbalanced Fermi gases
• Crystalline Ground States in Polyakov-loop extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Models
• Quantum and thermal melting of stripe forming systems with competing long ranged interactions
• Absence of inhomogeneous chiral phases in 2+1-dimensional four-fermion and Yukawa models
• Chiral pair fluctuations for the inhomogeneous chiral transition
• Dimensional Crossover in a Spin-imbalanced Fermi gas
• Spin-imbalanced ultracold Fermi gases in a two-dimensional array of tubes
• Do phase fluctuations influence the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in a 3D Fermi gas?
• Detecting Topological Phase Transition in Superconductor-Semiconductor Hybrids by Electronic Raman Spectroscopy
• Collective modes in Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superconductors: The role of long-range Coulomb interaction and signatures in density response
• In-medium bound-state formation and inhomogeneous condensation in Fermi gases in a hard-wall box
• Nonrelativistic Banks-Casher relation and random matrix theory for multi-component fermionic superfluids
• Detecting inhomogeneous chiral condensation from the bosonic two-point function in the $(1+1)$-dimensional Gross-Neveu model in the mean-field approximation