Multimer formation in 1D two-component gases and trimer phase in the asymmetric attractive Hubbard model

Abstract

We consider two-component one-dimensional quantum gases at special imbalanced commensurabilities which lead to the formation of multimer (multi-particle bound-states) as the dominant order parameter. Luttinger liquid theory supports a mode-locking mechanism in which mass (or velocity) asymmetry is identified as the key ingredient to stabilize such states. While the scenario is valid both in the continuum and on a lattice, the effects of umklapp terms relevant for densities commensurate with the lattice spacing are also mentioned. These ideas are illustrated and confronted with the physics of the asymmetric (mass-imbalanced) fermionic Hubbard model with attractive interactions and densities such that a trimer phase can be stabilized. Phase diagrams are computed using density-matrix renormalization group techniques, showing the important role of the total density in achieving the novel phase. The effective physics of the trimer gas is as well studied. Lastly, the effect of a parabolic confinement and the emergence of a crystal phase of trimers are briefly addressed. This model has connections with the physics of imbalanced two-component fermionic gases and Bose-Fermi mixtures as the latter gives a good phenomenological description of the numerics in the strong-coupling regime.

17 pages, 15 figures

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Cited by in corpus (18)

• Non-perturbative methodologies for low-dimensional strongly-correlated systems: From non-abelian bosonization to truncated spectrum methods
• Trimer liquids and crystals of polar molecules in coupled wires
• Dimer, trimer and FFLO liquids in mass- and spin-imbalanced trapped binary mixtures in one dimension
• Interaction quantum quenches in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model with spin imbalance
• Binding of heavy fermions by a single light atom in one dimension
• Pairing patterns in one-dimensional spin- and mass-imbalanced Fermi gases
• Fast trimers in one-dimensional extended Fermi-Hubbard model
• Emergent mode and bound states in single-component one-dimensional lattice fermionic systems
• Enhanced visibility of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in one dimensional Bose-Fermi mixtures near the immiscibility point
• Pure Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in optical lattices
• Simulating artificial one-dimensional physics with ultra-cold fermionic atoms: three exemplary themes
• One-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model with mass imbalance: Orders and filling anomaly
• Pairs, trimers and BCS-BEC crossover near a flat band: the sawtooth lattice
• Component separation of two-component fermion clouds in a spin-dependent external potential by spin-density-functional theory
• Mixtures of ultra-cold atoms in 1D disordered potentials
• Stability of $(N+1)$-body fermion clusters in multiband Hubbard model
• Kinetic formation of trimers in a spinless fermionic chain
• Low-dimensional physics of ultracold gases with bound states and the sine-Gordon model