Cooling and thermometry of atomic Fermi gases

Abstract

We review the status of cooling techniques aimed at achieving the deepest quantum degeneracy for atomic Fermi gases. We first discuss some physical motivations, providing a quantitative assessment of the need for deep quantum degeneracy in relevant physics cases, such as the search for unconventional superfluid states. Attention is then focused on the most widespread technique to reach deep quantum degeneracy for Fermi systems, sympathetic cooling of Bose-Fermi mixtures, organizing the discussion according to the specific species involved. Various proposals to circumvent some of the limitations on achieving the deepest Fermi degeneracy, and their experimental realizations, are then reviewed. Finally, we discuss the extension of these techniques to optical lattices and the implementation of precision thermometry crucial to the understanding of the phase diagram of classical and quantum phase transitions in Fermi gases.

33 pages, 15 figures, contribution to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vitaly L. Ginzburg

References in corpus (44)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Theory of ultracold Fermi gases
• A High Phase-Space-Density Gas of Polar Molecules
• Vortices and Superfluidity in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas
• Experimental demonstration of painting arbitrary and dynamic potentials for Bose-Einstein condensates
• Quantum degenerate dipolar Fermi gas
• Camparison of the Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect for bosons and fermions
• Collisional stability of a three-component degenerate Fermi gas
• Degenerate Fermi Gases of Ytterbium
• Three-body recombination in a three-state Fermi gas with widely tunable interactions
• Fast atomic transport without vibrational heating
• Radiofrequency spectroscopy of a strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Observation of a two-dimensional Fermi gas of atoms
• Species-specific optical lattices
• Shortcut to adiabaticity for an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate
• Mixtures of Bosonic and Fermionic Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Fast optimal transition between two equilibrium states
• Cooling in strongly correlated optical lattices: prospects and challenges
• Interaction-driven Dynamics of 40K / 87Rb Fermi-Bose Gas Mixtures in the Large Particle Number Limit
• All-Optical Formation of Quantum Degenerate Mixtures
• Double-degenerate Bose-Fermi mixture of strontium
• Collisional Properties of p-Wave Feshbach Molecules
• A Degenerate Bose-Fermi Mixture of Metastable Atoms
• Efficient all-optical production of large ${}^6$Li quantum gases using D${}_1$ gray-molasses cooling
• Feshbach resonances in mixtures of ultracold ${}^6$Li and ${}^{87}$Rb gases
• High-fidelity rapid ground-state loading of an ultracold gas into an optical lattice
• Production of quantum degenerate mixtures of ytterbium and lithium with controllable inter-species overlap
• Feshbach resonances in ultracold 85Rb-87Rb and 6Li-87Rb mixtures
• Enlarging and cooling the Néel state in an optical lattice
• Light scattering for thermometry of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice
• Thermometry via Light Shifts in Optical Lattices
• Fermionic suppression of dipolar relaxation: Observation of universal inelastic dipolar scattering
• Anisotropic relaxation dynamics in a dipolar Fermi gas driven out of equilibrium
• Dimer, trimer and FFLO liquids in mass- and spin-imbalanced trapped binary mixtures in one dimension
• Two-stage magneto-optical trapping and narrow-line cooling of ${}^6$Li atoms to high phase-space density
• Molecular Bose-Einstein condensation in a versatile low power crossed dipole trap
• Thermometry and Refrigeration in a Two-Component Mott Insulator of Ultracold Atoms
• Minimizing nonadiabaticities in optical-lattice loading
• Anomalous specific heat jump in a two-component ultracold Fermi gas
• Thermodynamical approaches to efficient sympathetic cooling in ultracold Fermi-Bose atomic mixtures
• Implementation of a CNOT gate in two Rydberg atoms by the nonholonomic control technique
• All-optical cooling of Fermi gases via Pauli inhibition of spontaneous emission
• Development of an apparatus for cooling 6Li-87Rb Fermi-Bose mixtures in a light-assisted magnetic trap

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Observation of a Degenerate Fermi Gas Trapped by a Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Quantum mixtures of ultracold gases of neutral atoms
• Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation
• Sub-nK thermometry of an interacting $d$-dimensional homogeneous Bose gas
• Induced pairing of fermionic impurities in a one-dimensional strongly correlated Bose gas
• Optimal Thermometers with Spin Networks
• Machine classification for probe based quantum thermometry
• Thermometry by correlated dephasing of impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
• Strongly interacting Bose-Fermi mixture: mediated interaction, phase diagram and sound propagation
• A Stable, Recursive Auxiliary Field Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithm in the Canonical Ensemble: Applications to Thermometry and the Hubbard Model
• Cooling schemes for two-component fermions in layered optical lattices
• Simulating sympathetic cooling of atomic mixtures in nonlinear traps
• Atomic boson-fermion mixtures in 1D box potentials: Few-body and mean-field many-body analyses
• Production of a highly degenerate Fermi gas of metastable helium-3 atoms
• Mitigating Heating of Degenerate Fermions in a Ring-Dimple Atomic Trap
• Proximity effect and spatial Kibble-Zurek mechanism in atomic Fermi gases with inhomogeneous pairing interactions
• Efficiently measuring $d$-wave pairing and beyond in quantum gas microscopes
• Breaking and trapping Cooper pairs by Rydberg-molecule spectroscopy in atomic Fermi superfluids
• Scaling laws for harmonically trapped two-species mixtures at thermal equilibrium
• The quantum Talbot effect for a chain of partially correlated Bose-Einstein condensates
• Fundamental Limits of Feedback Cooling Ultracold Atomic Gases
• Sudden quench of harmonically trapped mass-imbalanced fermions
• Correlated decoherence and thermometry with mobile impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
• Cold atoms beyond atomic physics
• Insulator phases of Bose-Fermi mixtures induced by intraspecies next-neighbor interactions
• A New Mechanism for Sympathetic Cooling of Atoms and Ions in Atomic and Ion-Atomic Traps
• Invariant-based inverse engineering for balanced displacement of a cart-pole system
• Dimensional crossover of bound complexes in a two-species Bose-Hubbard lattice: Correlations and dynamics