Experimental realization of Josephson junctions for an Atom SQUID

Abstract

We report the creation of a pair of Josephson junctions on a toroidal dilute gas Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a configuration that is the cold atom analog of the well-known dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). We observe Josephson effects, measure the critical current of the junctions, and find dynamic behavior that is in good agreement with the simple Josephson equations for a tunnel junction with the ideal sinusoidal current-phase relation expected for the parameters of the experiment. The junctions and toroidal trap are created with the painted potential, a time-averaged optical dipole potential technique which will allow scaling to more complex BEC circuit geometries than the single atom-SQUID case reported here. Since rotation plays the same role in the atom SQUID as magnetic field does in the dc SQUID magnetometer, the device has potential as a compact rotation sensor.

5 pages, 4 figures. Replacement to match published version

References in corpus (6)

• Observation of persistent flow of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a toroidal trap
• Experimental demonstration of painting arbitrary and dynamic potentials for Bose-Einstein condensates
• Dynamics of a tunable superfluid junction
• Measuring the size of a Schroedinger cat state
• Critical velocity of superfluid flow through single barrier and periodic potentials
• Generation of macroscopic superposition states in ring superlattices

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