Magnetic fields of non-degenerate stars

Abstract

Magnetic fields are present in a wide variety of stars throughout the HR diagram and play a role at basically all evolutionary stages, from very-low-mass dwarfs to very massive stars, and from young star-forming molecular clouds and protostellar accretion discs to evolved giants/supergiants and magnetic white dwarfs/neutron stars. These fields range from a few microG (e.g., in molecular clouds) to TeraG and more (e.g., in magnetic neutron stars); in non-degenerate stars in particular, they feature large-scale topologies varying from simple nearly-axisymmetric dipoles to complex non-axsymmetric structures, and from mainly poloidal to mainly toroidal topology. After recalling the main techniques of detecting and modelling stellar magnetic fields, we review the existing properties of magnetic fields reported in cool, hot and young non-degenerate stars and protostars, and discuss our understanding of the origin of these fields and their impact on the birth and life of stars.

ARA&A 47 (in press) - 41 pages, 7 figures

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• Fundamental properties of a selected sample of Ap stars: Inferences from interferometric and asteroseismic constraints
• EMISSA -- Exploring Millimeter Indicators of Solar-Stellar Activity I. The Initial mm-cm Main Sequence Star Sample
• First constraints on the magnetic field strength in extra-Galactic stars: FORS2 observations of Of?p stars in the Magellanic Clouds
• Variable stars in the Sh 2-170 HII region
• Solar dynamo cycle variations with a rotational period
• Warm and cool starspots with opposite polarities. A high-resolution Zeeman-Doppler-Imaging study of II Pegasi with PEPSI
• Multiple views of magnetism in cool stars
• Dependence of magnetic cycle parameters on period of rotation in nonlinear solar-type dynamos
• Evolution of solar-type stellar wind
• Magnetic energy cascade in spherical geometry: I. The stellar convective dynamo case
• Exploring the stellar rotation of early-type stars in the LAMOST Medium-Resolution Survey. II. Statistics
• Dependence of stellar magnetic activity cycles on rotational period in nonlinear solar-type dynamo
• Magnetic field of the eclipsing binary UV Piscium
• Angular momentum transport in a contracting stellar radiative zone embedded in a large scale magnetic field
• Rotational modulation in A and F stars: Magnetic stellar spots or convective core rotation?
• Photospheric Hanle diagnostic of weak magnetic dipoles in stars
• A Comprehensive Analysis of the Magnetic Standard Star HD 94660: Host of a Massive Compact Companion?
• Magnetohydrodynamics of stably stratified regions in planets and stars
• Rotational threshold in global numerical dynamo simulations
• Surface structure of 45 Hercules: An otherwise unremarkable Ap star with a surprisingly weak magnetic field
• Generating neutron-star magnetic fields: three dynamo phases
• SpecpolFlow: a new software package for spectropolarimetry using Python
• Magnetic Structure of Rapidly Rotating FK Comae-Type Coronae
• The energy budget of stellar magnetic fields: comparing non-potential simulations and observations
• Unveiling complex magnetic field configurations in red giant stars
• The role of magnetic fields in pre-main sequence stars
• Generation of large-scale magnetic field in convective full-sphere cross-helicity dynamo
• The magnetic field and magnetosphere of Plaskett's star: A fundamental shift in our understanding of the system
• Zeeman Doppler Imaging of ksi Boo A and B
• Detecting and quantifying stellar magnetic fields -- Sparse Stokes profile approximation using orthogonal matching pursuit
• Fossil magnetic fields in intermediate-mass and massive stars
• Low-frequency GMRT observations of ultra-cool dwarfs
• Stability of axially symmetric magnetic fields in stars
• The Gaia-ESO survey: A spectroscopic study of the young open cluster NGC 3293
• Small-scale magnetic fields of the spectroscopic binary T Tauri stars V1878 Ori and V4046 Sir
• MOBSTER -- IV. Detection of a new magnetic B-type star from follow-up spectropolarimetric observations of photometrically selected candidates
• Star-Planet Interactions: A Computational View
• Discovery of magnetically guided metal accretion onto a polluted white dwarf
• Minute-cadence Observations of the LAMOST Fields with the TMTS: III. Statistic Study of the Flare Stars from the First Two Years
• Misalignment of the outer disk of DK Tau and a first look at its magnetic field using spectropolarimetry
• Global simulations of Tayler instability in stellar interiors: a long-time multi-stage evolution of the magnetic field
• Confirmation of xi^1 CMa's ultra-slow rotation: magnetic polarity reversal and a dramatic change in magnetospheric UV emission lines
• Magnetic fields of Ap stars as a result of an instability
• Evidence for Centrifugal Breakout around the Young M Dwarf TIC 234284556
• Solar Wind and its Evolution
• Detectability of axisymmetric magnetic fields from the core to the surface of oscillating post-main sequence stars
• The multi-planet system TOI-421 -- A warm Neptune and a super puffy mini-Neptune transiting a G9 V star in a visual binary
• 14 Ceti: A probable Ap-star-descendant entering the Hertzsprung gap
• EMISSA -- Exploring Millimetre Indicators of Solar-Stellar Activity II. Towards a robust indicator of stellar activity
• Magnetic interactions in orbital dynamics
• Finding magnetic north: an extraordinary magnetic field detection in Polaris and first results of a magnetic survey of classical Cepheids
• Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the IGM due to Primordial Magnetic Fields
• X-ray Evidence for a Pole-Dominated Corona on AB Dor
• A survey for variable young stars with small telescopes: VII -- Spot Properties on YSOs in IC5070
• Ultraviolet Spectropolarimetric Diagnostics of Hot Star Magnetospheres
• Baroclinically-driven flows and dynamo action in rotating spherical fluid shells
• CSI2264: Simultaneous optical and X-ray variability in the pre-main sequence stars of NGC2264. II: Photometric variability, magnetic activity, and rotation in classIII objects and stars with transition disks
• Blackbody temperature of 200+ stellar flares observed with the CoRoT satellite
• The impact of unresolved magnetic spots on high precision radial velocity measurements
• Interplay between tidal flows and magnetic fields in nonlinear simulations of stellar and planetary convective envelopes
• Axion-photon conversion in transient compact stars: Systematics, constraints, and opportunities
• The evolution of magnetic hot massive stars: Implementation of the quantitative influence of surface magnetic fields in modern models of stellar evolution
• Hadronic model for the non-thermal radiation from the binary system AR~Scorpii
• The Hanle Effect as a Diagnostic of Magnetic Fields in Stellar Envelopes. V. Thin Lines from Keplerian Disks
• On the dynamical interaction between overshooting convection and an underlying dipole magnetic field -- I. The non-dynamo regime
• Ultraviolet Spectropolarimetry: Investigating stellar magnetic field diagnostics
• Radio Variability Survey of Very Low Luminosity Protostars
• Discovery of extraordinary X-ray emission from magnetospheric interaction in the unique binary stellar system $\epsilon$ Lupi
• Field linkage and magnetic helicity density
• CP and related phenomena in the context of Stellar Evolution
• Analysis of unresolved photospheric magnetic field structure using Fe I 6301 and 6302 lines
• On the use of machine learning algorithms in the measurement of stellar magnetic fields
• A conclusive non-detection of magnetic field in the Am star o Peg with high-precision near-infrared spectroscopy
• Simulating stellar coronal rain and slingshot prominences
• Stellar Coronal and Wind Models: Impact on Exoplanets
• Gravitational Waves sourced by Gauge Fields during Inflation
• Magnetic Fields or Overstable Convective Modes in HR 7495: Exploring the Underlying Causes of the Spike in the 'Hump & Spike' Features
• Convection and dynamo action in B stars
• Using Doppler Imaging to model stellar activity and search for planets around Sun-like stars
• Axion spectra and the associated x-ray spectra of low-mass stars
• At what mass are stars braked? The implication from the turnoff morphology of NGC 6819
• Impact of accretion-induced chemically homogeneous evolution on stellar and compact binary populations
• The Initial Magnetic Field Distribution in AB Stars
• Magnetic fields of Sun-like stars
• Graviton-photon conversion in stochastic magnetic fields
• On the use of the first-order moment approach for measurements of H_eff from LSD profiles
• Stripped-Envelope Supernovae for QCD Axion Detection
• Faraday Rotation Distributions from Stellar Magnetism in Wind-Blown Bubbles
• A closer look at supernovae as seeds for galactic magnetization
• The effects of stellar winds and magnetic fields on exoplanets
• Detecting stellar flares in photometric data using hidden Markov models
• The NGC 346 massive star census: Nitrogen abundances for apparently single, narrow lined, hydrogen core burning B-type stars
• Magnetism in LAMOST CP stars observed by TESS
• Shaping core dynamos in A-type stars: The role of dipolar fossil fields
• Extremely asymmetric bipolar magnetic field of the Bp star HD 57372
• Seismic detection of core magnetic fields in red giants using the gravity offset
• Secular dipole-dipole stability of magnetic binaries
• Magnetic Fields in Stars: Origin and Impact
• Accretion and Outflows in Young Stars with CUBES
• Asteroseismology and spectropolarimetry: opening new windows on the internal dynamics of massive stars
• Evolution of spheroidal dust in electrically active sub-stellar atmospheres
• Magnetic field morphologies in convective zones influenced by a turbulent surface layer
• Asteroseismic detection of an internal magnetic field in the B0.5V pulsator HD 192575
• Stellar magnetic activity and exoplanets
• The variability of Betelgeuse explained by surface convection
• Dynamo Scaling Relationships
• Exploring the probing power of gamma-Dor's inertial dip for core magnetism: case of a toroidal field
• Activity of low mass stars in the light of spot signature in the Fourier domain
• Dynamical masses of young stellar objects with the VLBA: DYNAMO-VLBA: Radio binary stars in Orion
• Asteroseismology with TESS: Emergence of Dipole Mode Suppression From Subgiants?
• Magnetic topologies of two weak-line T Tauri stars TAP 4 and TAP 40
• Flows and dynamos in a model of stellar radiative zones
• On the origin of the rotation of massive stars
• Multi-Viewpoint Observation of a Failed Prominence Eruption on the Sun
• Near-critical magnetic fields in Kepler red giants
• Probing the internal magnetism of stars using asymptotic magneto-asteroseismology
• Evolution of proto-neutron stars to pulsars, magnetars and central compact objects
• X-ray emission from candidate stellar merger remnant TYC 2597-735-1 and its Blue Ring Nebula
• Far beyond the Sun: III. The magnetic cycle of $\mathbf{\iota }$ Horologii
• First images of Antares photosphere from spectropolarimetry
• Large-scale magnetic fields and anomalies of chemical composition of stellar coronae
• Evolution of random initial magnetic fields in stably stratified and barotropic stars
• The impact of disk-locking on convective turnover times of low-mass pre-main sequence and main sequence stars
• Logarithmic Separable Solutions of Force-Free Magnetic Fields in Plane-Parallel and Axial Symmetry
• Role of non-thermal processes in the quiescent and active millimeter spectrum of a young M dwarf
• The reason for the occurrence of W-type contact binaries
• Probabilistic Zeeman-Doppler imaging of stellar magnetic fields: I. Analysis of tau Scorpii in the weak-field limit
• Variability of H$\alpha$ chromospheric activity of solar-like stars revealed by the time-domain data of LAMOST Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey
• Radio Spectral Energy Distributions for Single Massive Star Winds with Free-Free and Synchrotron Emission
• (Simulating) Coronal Mass Ejections in Active Stars
• A magnetic field detection in the massive O-type bright giant 63 Oph
• Interaction between Winds from Weak-lined T Tauri Stars with Exoplanetary Magnetospheres
• Ultra-High-Resolution Astronomy with the Solar Gravitational Lens
• Stellar Magnetism
• Impact of rotation on the geometrical configurations of fossil magnetic fields
• Radial differential rotation leading to dipole collapse in pre-main-sequence stars
• Modeling surface magnetic fields in stars with radiative envelopes
• Coronal Mass Ejections and Exoplanets: A Numerical Perspective
• The winds of young Solar-type stars in Coma Berenices and Hercules-Lyra
• Can the Anomalous Magnetic Braking of Ap/Bp Stars Explain the Orbital Decay of Algol-type Binaries?