The Gaia-ESO Survey: A lithium-rotation connection at 5 Myr?
arXiv:1604.07580 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628336
Abstract
We investigate here the lithium content of young low-mass stars in the 5~Myr-old star forming region NGC~2264 and its relationship with rotation. We combine lithium equivalent width measurements, EW(Li), from the Gaia-ESO Survey with the determination of rotational periods from the CSI~2264 survey. We consider only bona fide non accreting cluster members in order to minimize uncertainties on EW(Li). We report the existence of a relationship between lithium content and rotation in NGC~2264 at an age of 5~Myr. The Li-rotation connection is seen over a restricted temperature range, Teff=3800--4400K, where fast rotators are Li-rich compared to slow ones. This correlation is similar to, albeit of lower amplitude than, the Li-rotation connection previously reported for K dwarfs in the 125 Myr-old Pleiades cluster. We investigate whether the non-standard pre-main sequence models developed so far to explain the Pleiades results, which are based on episodic accretion, pre-main sequence core-envelope decoupling, and/or radius inflation due to enhanced magnetic activity, can account for an early development of the Li-rotation connection. While radius inflation appears to be the most promising possibility, each of these models has issues. We therefore also discuss external causes that might operate during the first few Myr of pre-main sequence evolution, such as planet engulfment and/or steady disk accretion, as possible candidates for the common origin for Li-excess and fast rotation in young low-mass pre-main sequence stars. The emergence of a connection between lithium content and rotation rate at such an early age as 5~Myr suggests a complex link between accretion processes, early angular momentum evolution, and possibly planet formation, which likely impacts early stellar evolution and still is to be fully deciphered.
arXiv comment9 pages, 5 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press
References in corpus (47)
- New evolutionary models for pre-main sequence and main sequence low-mass stars down to the hydrogen-burning limit
- Obliquities of Hot Jupiter host stars: Evidence for tidal interactions and primordial misalignments
- Magnetic fields of non-degenerate stars
- CSI 2264: Simultaneous optical and infrared light curves of young disk-bearing stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer-- evidence for multiple origins of variability
- Evolution of low-mass star and brown dwarf eclipsing binaries
- Improved angular momentum evolution model for solar-like stars
- Departures from LTE for neutral Li in late-type stars
- Time scales of Li evolution: a homogeneous analysis of open clusters from ZAMS to late-MS
- Toroidal versus poloidal magnetic fields in Sun-like stars: a rotation threshold
- DAOSPEC: an automatic code for measuring equivalent widths in high-resolution stellar spectra
- Pre-main-sequence isochrones -- II. Revising star and planet formation timescales
- Effect of episodic accretion on the structure and the lithium depletion of low-mass stars and planet-hosting stars
- Lithium abundances in nearby FGK dwarf and subgiant stars: internal destruction, Galactic chemical evolution, and exoplanets
- Improved angular momentum evolution model for solar-like stars II. Exploring the mass dependence
- Hydrodynamical stellar models including rotation, internal gravity waves and atomic diffusion. I. Formalism and tests on Pop I dwarfs
- Can we predict the global magnetic topology of a pre-main sequence star from its position in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?
- Lithium depletion and the rotational history of exoplanet host stars
- A rotational and variability study of a large sample of PMS stars in NGC 2264
- Mapping accretion and its variability in the young open cluster NGC 2264: a study based on u-band photometry
- Fitting the young main-sequence; distances, ages and age spreads
- The Gaia-ESO Survey: Kinematic structure in the Gamma Velorum Cluster
- Lithium Depletion in Pre-Mainsequence Solar-Like Stars
- Solar twins in M67
- Metal-rich accretion and thermohaline instabilities in exoplanets-host stars: consequences on the light elements abundances
- Spectroscopy of Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the Lambda Orionis Star Forming Region. I. Enlarging the census down to the planetary mass domain in Collinder 69
- Rotation, inflation, and lithium in the Pleiades
- Impact of rotation and disc lifetime on pre-main sequence lithium depletion of solar-type stars
- Effect of the stellar spin history on the tidal evolution of close-in planets
- A Tale of Two Anomalies: Depletion, Dispersion, and the Connection Between the Stellar Lithium Spread and Inflated Radii on the Pre-Main Sequence
- Age spreads in star forming regions: The lithium test in the Orion Nebula Cluster
- Rotation in NGC 2264: a study based on CoRoT photometric observations
- Magnetospheric accretion on the fully-convective classical T Tauri star DN Tau
- Echography of young stars reveals their evolution
- A Model of Magnetic Braking of Solar Rotation That Satisfies Observational Constraints
- CoRoT 223992193: A new, low-mass, pre-main sequence eclipsing binary with evidence of a circumbinary disk
- Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of pre-main sequence stellar spectra
- Supersaturation and activity-rotation relation in PMS stars: the young Cluster h Per
- Using rotation, magnetic activity and lithium to estimate the ages of low mass stars
- The Gaia-ESO Survey: Stellar radii in the young open clusters NGC 2264, NGC 2547 and NGC 2516
- Lithium Abundances in the alpha Per Cluster
- On the lithium abundance dispersion in late-type Pleiades stars
- Li I and K I Scatter in Cool Pleiades Dwarfs
- Can FU Orionis Outbursts Regulate the Rotation Rates of T Tauri Stars?
- Investigating the rotational evolution of young, low mass stars using Monte Carlo simulations
- No evidence for intense, cold accretion onto YSOs from measurements of Li in T-Tauri stars
- Protostellar spin-down: a planetary lift?
- Rotation and lithium abundance of solar-analog stars. Theoretical analysis of observations
Cited by in corpus (40)
- The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy
- Solar structure and evolution
- Multiple rings in the transition disk and companion candidates around RXJ1615.3-3255. High contrast imaging with VLT/SPHERE
- The lithium-rotation connection in the 125 Myr-old Pleiades cluster
- The Gaia-ESO Survey: Lithium depletion in the Gamma Velorum cluster and inflated radii in low-mass pre-main-sequence stars
- The rotation - Lithium depletion correlation in the beta Pictoris association and LDB age determination
- A Measurement of Radius Inflation in the Pleiades and its Relation to Rotation and Lithium Depletion
- Lithium depletion in solar-like stars: effect of overshooting based on realistic multi-dimensional simulations
- Self-consistent evolution of accreting low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
- The Gaia-ESO Survey: Galactic evolution of lithium from iDR6
- The Gaia-ESO Survey and CSI 2264: Substructures, disks, and sequential star formation in the young open cluster NGC 2264
- Stellar Rotation of T Tauri stars in the Orion Star-Forming Complex
- The effects of rotation on the lithium depletion of G- and K-dwarfs in Messier 35
- Light Elements in the Universe
- The Gaia-ESO Survey: Calibrating the lithium-age relation with open clusters and associations. I. Cluster age range and initial membership selections
- Lithium abundance and rotation of seismic solar analogues - Solar and stellar connection from Kepler and Hermes observations
- Analytic Models of Brown Dwarfs and The Substellar Mass Limit
- The Gaia-ESO Survey: Galactic evolution of lithium at high metallicity
- The beta Pictoris association low-mass members: membership assessment, rotation period distribution, and dependence on multiplicity
- Gaia-ESO Survey: Role of magnetic activity and starspots on pre-main sequence lithium evolution
- Metallicity and age effects on lithium depletion in solar analogues
- The influence of the environment on the spin evolution of low-mass stars. I. External photoevaporation of circumstellar disks
- The Gaia-ESO survey: A lithium depletion boundary age for NGC 2232
- The seven sisters DANCe.II. Proper motions and the lithium-rotation-activity connection for G and K Pleiads
- X-shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects in Lupus: Lithium, iron, and barium elemental abundances
- The evolution of lithium in FGK dwarf stars: The Li rotation connection and the Li desert
- A constraint on the formation timescale of the young open cluster NGC 2264: Lithium abundance of pre-main sequence stars
- The Gaia-ESO Survey: Constraining evolutionary models and ages for young low mass stars with measurements of lithium depletion and rotation
- The lithium-rotation connection in the newly discovered young stellar stream Psc-Eri (Meingast 1)
- Mon-735: A new low-mass pre-main sequence eclipsing binary in NGC 2264
- A kinematically hot population of young stars in the solar neighbourhood
- ABYSS I: Targeting strategy for APOGEE & BOSS young star survey in SDSS-V
- A search for passive protoplanetary disks in the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region
- Chemical composition of stars with massive planets
- Study of the effects of magnetic braking on the lithium abundances of the Sun and solar-type stars
- Using Lithium and Beryllium to Study Structure and Evolution of Rotating Stars
- New members of the Lupus I cloud based on Gaia astrometry Physical and accretion properties from X-Shooter spectra
- On the age of the magnetically active WW Psa and TX Psa members of the beta Pictoris association
- Nearby Young Stars and Young Moving Groups
- Suppression of lithium depletion in young low-mass stars from fast rotation