The Magnetic Early B-type Stars III: A main sequence magnetic, rotational, and magnetospheric biography

Abstract

Magnetic confinement of stellar winds leads to the formation of magnetospheres, which can be sculpted into Centrifugal Magnetospheres (CMs) by rotational support of the corotating plasma. The conditions required for the CMs of magnetic early B-type stars to yield detectable emission in H$\alpha$ -- the principal diagnostic of these structures -- are poorly constrained. A key reason is that no detailed study of the magnetic and rotational evolution of this population has yet been performed. Using newly determined rotational periods, modern magnetic measurements, and atmospheric parameters determined via spectroscopic modelling, we have derived fundamental parameters, dipolar oblique rotator models, and magnetospheric parameters for 56 early B-type stars. Comparison to magnetic A- and O-type stars shows that the range of surface magnetic field strength is essentially constant with stellar mass, but that the unsigned surface magnetic flux increases with mass. Both the surface magnetic dipole strength and the total magnetic flux decrease with stellar age, with the rate of flux decay apparently increasing with stellar mass. We find tentative evidence that multipolar magnetic fields may decay more rapidly than dipoles. Rotational periods increase with stellar age, as expected for a magnetic braking scenario. Without exception, all stars with H$\alpha$ emission originating in a CM are 1) rapid rotators, 2) strongly magnetic, and 3) young, with the latter property consistent with the observation that magnetic fields and rotation both decrease over time.

arXiv comment34 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (150)

• Mass-loss predictions for O and B stars as a function of metallicity
• Grids of stellar models with rotation - I. Models from 0.8 to 120 Msun at solar metallicity (Z = 0.014)
• A Hipparcos census of the nearby OB associations
• Rotating Massive Main-Sequence Stars I: Grids of Evolutionary Models and Isochrones
• Magnetic fields of non-degenerate stars
• Astrophysical parameters of Galactic open clusters
• Classical Be Stars: Rapidly Rotating B Stars with Viscous Keplerian Decretion Disks
• A Revised Age for Upper Scorpius and The Star-Formation History Among the F-Type Members of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB Association
• The surprising magnetic topology of tauSco: fossil remnant or dynamo output?
• A fossil origin for the magnetic fields of A-stars and white dwarfs
• Dynamical Simulations of Magnetically Channeled Line-Driven Stellar Winds: I. Isothermal, Nonrotating, Radially Driven Flow
• Stable magnetic fields in stellar interiors
• Least squares deconvolution of the stellar intensity and polarization spectra
• Physical Parameters and Wind Properties of Galactic Early B Supergiants
• Large-scale magnetic topologies of early M dwarfs
• Sub-surface convection zones in hot massive stars and their observable consequences
• Weak magnetic fields in Ap/Bp stars: Evidence for a dipole field lower limit and a tentative interpretation of the magnetic dichotomy
• A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3kpc from the Sun
• A high-resolution spectropolarimetric survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars - I. Observations and measurements
• A Magnetic Confinement vs. Rotation Classification of Massive-Star Magnetospheres
• Dynamical Simulations of Magnetically Channeled Line-Driven Stellar Winds: II. The Effects of Field-Aligned Rotation
• Dynamical Simulations of Magnetically Channeled Line-Driven Stellar Winds: III. Angular Momentum Loss and Rotational Spindown
• Pre-main-sequence isochrones -- II. Revising star and planet formation timescales
• The MiMeS Survey of Magnetism in Massive Stars: Introduction and overview
• The MiMeS survey of magnetism in massive stars: Magnetic analysis of the O-type stars
• Magnetic cycles of the planet-hosting star tauBootis
• The evolution of surface magnetic fields in young solar-type stars I: the first 250 Myr
• Evolutionary state of magnetic chemically peculiar stars
• Asteroseismology Can Reveal Strong Internal Magnetic Fields in Red Giant Stars
• Bright OB stars in the Galaxy IV. Stellar and wind parameters of early to late B supergiants
• Searching for links between magnetic fields and stellar evolution. II. The evolution of magnetic fields as revealed by observations of Ap stars in open clusters and associations
• A prevalence of dynamo-generated magnetic fields in the cores of intermediate-mass stars
• The spectroscopic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of Galactic massive stars
• Searching for links between magnetic fields and stellar evolution. I. A survey of magnetic fields in open cluster A- and B-type stars with FORS1
• Magnetic spots on hot massive stars
• The Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere of Sigma Ori E
• On non-axisymmetric magnetic equilibria in stars
• Rejuvenation of stellar mergers and the origin of magnetic fields in massive stars
• Fitting the young main-sequence; distances, ages and age spreads
• A comparison of evolutionary tracks for single Galactic massive stars
• First evidence of a magnetic field on Vega. Towards a new class of magnetic A-type stars
• Searching for links between magnetic fields and stellar evolution III. Measurement of magnetic fields in open cluster Ap stars with ESPaDOnS
• Massive star models with magnetic braking
• Gravito-inertial and pressure modes detected in the B3 IV CoRoT target HD 43317
• Early magnetic B-type stars: X-ray emission and wind properties
• Mass loss in main-sequence B stars
• Rotational Velocities For B0-B3 Stars in 7 Young Clusters: Further Study of the Relationship between Rotation Speed and Density in Star-Forming Regions
• B fields in OB stars (BOB): low-resolution FORS2 spectropolarimetry of the first sample of 50 massive stars
• A new look at the molecular gas in M42 and M43; possible evidence for cloud-cloud collision which triggered formation of the OB stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• Magnetic massive stars as progenitors of "heavy" stellar-mass black holes
• The Stellar Population of h and chi Persei: Cluster Properties, Membership, and the Intrinsic Colors and Temperatures of Stars
• The Magnetic Early B-type Stars I: Magnetometry and Rotation
• X-ray emission from magnetic massive stars
• Detection of a weak surface magnetic field on Sirius A: are all tepid stars magnetic ?
• The Magnetic Furnace: Intense Core Dynamos in B-stars
• Discovery of Rotational Braking in the Magnetic Helium-Strong Star Sigma Orionis E
• The rapid rotation and complex magnetic field geometry of Vega
• The extraordinary complex magnetic field of the helium-strong star HD 37776
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: the present-day radial metallicity distribution of the Galactic disc probed by pre-main-sequence clusters
• A Volume Limited Survey of mCP Stars Within 100pc II: Rotational and Magnetic Properties
• A dynamical magnetosphere model for periodic Halpha emission from the slowly rotating magnetic O star HD191612
• NGC 1624-2: A slowly rotating, X-ray luminous Of?cp star with an extraordinarily strong magnetic field
• Multisite spectroscopic seismic study of the beta Cep star V2052 Oph: inhibition of mixing by its magnetic field
• The global and small-scale magnetic fields of fully convective, rapidly spinning M dwarf pair GJ65A and B
• The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey XVIII. Classifications and radial velocities of the B-type stars
• Confirmation of the magnetic oblique rotator model for the Of?p star HD 191612
• The Evolving Magnetic Topology of $\tau$ Boötis
• Revisiting the Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere model for sigma Ori E. I. Observations and Data Analysis
• B fields in OB stars (BOB): Concluding the FORS2 observing campaign
• HR 5907: Discovery of the most rapidly rotating magnetic B-type star by the MiMeS Collaboration
• The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: I. Magnetic field evolution, mass-loss quenching and magnetic braking
• A Volume-Limited Survey of mCP Stars Within 100pc I: Fundamental Parameters and Chemical Abundances
• Two bi-stability jumps in theoretical wind models for massive stars and the implications for Luminous Blue Variable supernovae
• Possible pair-instability supernovae at solar metallicity from magnetic stellar progenitors
• Basic parameters and properties of the rapidly rotating magnetic helium strong B star HR7355
• Are the spin axes of stars randomly aligned within a cluster?
• On magnetic inhibition of photospheric macro-turbulence generated in the iron-bump opacity zone of O-stars
• Observational consequences of turbulent pressure in the envelopes of massive stars
• Modeling the early evolution of massive OB stars with an experimental wind routine
• A high-resolution spectropolarimetric survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars - II. Rotation
• Magnetic field topologies of the bright, weak-field Ap stars theta Aurigae and epsilon Ursae Majoris
• Evidence of magnetic field decay in massive main-sequence stars
• Evolution of Magnetic Fields in Stars Across the Upper Main Sequence: II. Observed distribution of the magnetic field geometry
• The applications of the MHD Alfven wave oscillation model for kHz quasi-periodic oscillations
• Massive pulsating stars observed by BRITE-Constellation. I. The triple system Beta Centauri (Agena)
• Characterization and Photometric Membership of the Open Cluster NGC1981
• Magnetic Field of the Eclipsing M Dwarf Binary YY Gem
• Fast & slow winds from supergiants and Luminous Blue Variables
• Stellar evolution of massive stars with a radiative alpha-omega dynamo
• The detection of variable radio emission from the fast rotating magnetic hot B-star HR7355 and evidence for its X-ray aurorae
• Surprising variations in the rotation of the chemically peculiar stars CU Virginis and V901 Orionis
• Magnetic field measurements and wind-line variability of OB-type stars
• Exploring the photometric signatures of magnetospheres around Helium-strong stars
• The radio lighthouse CU Virginis: the spindown of a single main sequence star
• Discovery of a very weak magnetic field on the Am star Alhena
• Rotation, spectral variability, magnetic geometry and magnetosphere of the Of?p star CPD -28 2561
• The Magnetic Early B-type Stars II: stellar atmospheric parameters in the era of Gaia
• Wind Circulation in Selected Rotating Magnetic Early-B Stars
• The magnetic field of zeta Orionis A
• Discovery of the magnetic field in the pulsating B star beta Cephei
• Orbital parameters, masses and distance to Beta Centauri determined with the Sydney University Stellar Interferometer and high resolution spectroscopy
• The surface magnetic field and chemical abundance distributions of the B2V helium-strong star HD184927
• HD 156324: a tidally locked magnetic triple spectroscopic binary with a disrupted magnetosphere
• First HARPSpol discoveries of magnetic fields in massive stars
• First results from the LIFE project: discovery of two magnetic hot evolved stars
• The BinaMIcS project: understanding the origin of magnetic fields in massive stars through close binary systems
• Blue supergiants as descendants of magnetic main sequence stars
• Discovery of electron cyclotron MASER emission from the magnetic Bp star HD 133880 with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope
• A combined multiwavelength VLA/ALMA/Chandra study unveils the complex magnetosphere of the B-type star HR5907
• The Discovery of a Strong Magnetic Field and Co-rotating Magnetosphere in the Helium-weak Star HD 176582
• First detections of 610 MHz radio emission from hot magnetic stars
• Two spotted and magnetic early B-type stars in the young open cluster NGC2264 discovered by MOST and ESPaDOnS
• Magnetic field topology of tau Sco. The uniqueness problem of Stokes V ZDI inversions
• Discovery of magnetic A supergiants: the descendants of magnetic main sequence B stars
• The magnetic field and spectral variability of the He-weak star HR 2949
• The orbit of the close spectroscopic binary epsilon Lupi and the intrinsic variability of its early B-type components
• High-precision elements of double-lined spectroscopic binaries from combined interferometry and spectroscopy. Application to the beta Cephei star beta Centauri
• CMF models of hot star winds I. Test of the Sobolev approximation in the case of pure line transitions
• Close binary evolution. III. Impact of tides, wind magnetic braking, and internal angular momentum transport
• The magnetic Bp star 36 Lyncis, I. Magnetic and photospheric properties
• The pulsating magnetosphere of the extremely slowly rotating magnetic $\beta$ Cep star ${\xi }^1$ CMa
• HD 35502: a hierarchical triple system with a magnetic B5IVpe primary
• Mixed poloidal-toroidal magnetic configuration and surface abundance distributions of the Bp star 36 Lyn
• Doppler imaging of the helium-variable star a Cen
• Rotation and magnetism in intermediate mass stars
• Confirming the oblique rotator model for the extremely slowly rotating O8f?p star HD 108
• NU Ori: a hierarchical triple system with a strongly magnetic B-type star
• Star Formation in the Trifid Nebula
• Searching for CU Vir-type cyclotron maser from σOri E: The role of the magnetic quadrupole component
• Limb-darkening coefficients from line-blanketed non-LTE hot-star model atmospheres
• A JVLA survey of the high frequency radio emission of the massive magnetic B- and O-type stars
• 3D radiative transfer: Continuum and line scattering in non-spherical winds from OB stars
• HD 164492C: a rapidly-rotating, H$\alpha$-bright, magnetic early B star associated with a 12.5d spectroscopic binary
• Extreme resonance line profile variations in the ultraviolet spectra of NGC 1624-2: probing the giant magnetosphere of the most strongly magnetized known O-type star
• An infrared diagnostic for magnetism in hot stars
• Radial velocities of early-type stars in the Perseus OB2 association
• Physical Properties of the B and Be Star Populations of h and chi Persei
• Photoelectric search for peculiar stars in open clusters. XV. Feinstein 1, NGC 2168, NGC 2323, NGC 2437, NGC 2547, NGC 4103, NGC 6025, NGC 6633, Stock 2, and Trumpler 2
• Diffusion-plus-drift models for the mass leakage from centrifugal magnetospheres of magnetic hot-stars
• B fields in OB stars (BOB): Detection of a strong magnetic field in the O9.7 V star HD54879
• Effect of a magnetic field on massive star winds I: mass-loss and velocity for a dipole field
• First constraints on the magnetic field strength in extra-Galactic stars: FORS2 observations of Of?p stars in the Magellanic Clouds
• A remarkable change of the spectrum of the magnetic Of?p star HD 148937 reveals evidence of an eccentric, high-mass binary
• A deep and wide-field view at the IC 2944 / 2948 complex in Centaurus
• Spectral Variations of Of?p Oblique Magnetic Rotator Candidates in the Magellanic Clouds
• The pulsationally modulated radial crossover signature of the slowly rotating magnetic B-type star ${\xi }^1$ CMa
• The magnetic Bp star 36 Lyncis, II. A spectroscopic analysis of its co-rotating disk
• Extensive study of HD 25558, a long-period double-lined binary with two SPB components
• The evolution of magnetic hot massive stars: Implementation of the quantitative influence of surface magnetic fields in modern models of stellar evolution
• HD 149277: a rare short-period SB2 system with a subsynchronously rotating magnetic He-rich primary

Cited by in corpus (70)

• Variability of OB stars from TESS southern Sectors 1-13 and high-resolution IACOB and OWN spectroscopy
• MOBSTER -- VI. The crucial influence of rotation on the radio magnetospheres of hot stars
• The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: II. Implementation of magnetic braking in MESA and implications for the evolution of surface rotation in OB stars
• The Magnetic Early B-type Stars IV: Breakout or Leakage? H$\alpha$ emission as a diagnostic of plasma transport in centrifugal magnetospheres
• A scaling relationship for non-thermal radio emission from ordered magnetospheres: from the top of the Main Sequence to planets
• Centrifugal breakout reconnection as the electron acceleration mechanism powering the radio magnetospheres of early-type stars
• Period spacings of gravity modes in rapidly rotating magnetic stars II. The case of an oblique dipolar fossil magnetic field
• Detecting axisymmetric magnetic fields using gravity modes in intermediate-mass stars
• New and improved rotational periods of magnetic CP stars from ASAS-3, KELT and MASCARA data
• Evidence for radio and X-ray auroral emissions from the magnetic B-type star rho Oph A
• Confronting sparse Gaia DR3 photometry with TESS for a sample of around 60,000 OBAF-type pulsators
• The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at Solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities
• PeV photon and neutrino flares from galactic gamma-ray binaries
• Testing the fossil field hypothesis: could strongly magnetised OB stars produce all known magnetars?
• Asteroseismic g-mode period spacings in strongly magnetic rotating stars
• Magnetic signatures on mixed-mode frequencies. II. Period spacings as a probe of the internal magnetism of red giants
• The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: III. The case of $\tau$ Sco
• beta Cas: the first delta Scuti star with a dynamo magnetic field
• Detecting deep axisymmetric toroidal magnetic fields in stars. The traditional approximation of rotation for differentially rotating deep spherical shells with a general azimuthal magnetic field
• Magnetism in High-Mass Stars
• Photometric variability of the LAMOST sample of magnetic chemically peculiar stars as seen by TESS
• MOBSTER -- III. HD 62658: a magnetic Bp star in an eclipsing binary with a non-magnetic 'identical twin'
• New observations of NGC 1624-2 reveal a complex magnetospheric structure and underlying surface magnetic geometry
• The Polstar High Resolution Spectropolarimetry MIDEX Mission
• A search for strong magnetic fields in massive and very massive stars in the Magellanic Clouds
• Testing a scaling relation between coherent radio emission and physical parameters of hot magnetic stars
• Long-period Ap stars discovered with TESS data: The northern ecliptic hemisphere
• MOBSTER -- V: Discovery of a magnetic companion star to the magnetic $\beta$ Cep pulsator HD 156424
• NGC 6611 601: A hot pre-main sequence spectroscopic binary containing a centrifugal magnetosphere host star
• Linking the Interiors and Surfaces of Magnetic Stars
• Rotation signature of TESS B-type stars. A comprehensive analysis
• The magnetic field and magnetosphere of Plaskett's star: A fundamental shift in our understanding of the system
• PeV proton acceleration in Gamma-ray Binaries
• Detection of an extremely strong magnetic field in the double-degenerate binary merger product HD 144941
• Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of A-type stars: Long-term evolution of core dynamo cycles
• Magnetic field topology, chemical spot distributions and photometric variability of the Ap star phi Draconis
• MOBSTER -- IV. Detection of a new magnetic B-type star from follow-up spectropolarimetric observations of photometrically selected candidates
• Confirmation of xi^1 CMa's ultra-slow rotation: magnetic polarity reversal and a dramatic change in magnetospheric UV emission lines
• Discovery of Magnetospheric Interactions in the Doubly-Magnetic Hot Binary $\epsilon$ Lupi
• What leads to premature upper cut-off frequencies of auroral radio emission from hot magnetic stars?
• Trumpler 16-26: A New Centrifugal Magnetosphere Discovered via SDSS/APOGEE H-band Spectroscopy
• Electron Scattering Emission in the Light Curves of Stars with Centrifugal Magnetospheres
• Photometric signatures of corotating magnetospheres of hot stars governed by higher-order magnetic multipoles
• Ultraviolet Spectropolarimetric Diagnostics of Hot Star Magnetospheres
• Analysis of eight magnetic chemically peculiar stars with rotational modulation
• Ultraviolet Spectropolarimetry With Polstar: Using Polstar to test Magnetospheric Mass-loss Quenching
• Discovery of extraordinary X-ray emission from magnetospheric interaction in the unique binary stellar system $\epsilon$ Lupi
• Photometric properties and stellar parameters of the rapidly rotating magnetic early-B star HD 345439
• Discovery and origin of the radio emission from the multiple stellar system KQVel
• One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog
• Relativistic astrospheres of gamma-ray binaries: modeling of non-thermal processes
• Standing torsional Alfvén waves as the source of the rotational period variation in magnetic early-type stars
• Magnetism in LAMOST CP stars observed by TESS
• HD 34736: An intensely magnetised double-lined spectroscopic binary with rapidly-rotating chemically peculiar B-type components
• Discovery of new magnetic δ Scuti stars and impact of magnetism on pulsation excitation
• Shaping core dynamos in A-type stars: The role of dipolar fossil fields
• Secular dipole-dipole stability of magnetic binaries
• Direct observation of the radial magnetic field gradient in HD58260 from spectropolarimetry of NLTE lines in emission
• MOBSTER -- VII. Using light curves to infer magnetic and rotational properties of stars with centrifugal magnetospheres
• Spatially resolved centrifugal magnetosphere caught in motion around the secondary component of $\rho$ Oph A
• How many VHE gamma-ray binaries with young pulsars can be observed?
• Super-slowly rotating Ap (ssrAp) stars: New spectroscopic observations
• A scaling relationship for non-thermal radio emission from ordered magnetospheres - II. Investigating the efficiency of relativistic electron production in magnetospheres of BA-type stars
• Low-frequency spectra of neutron star + OB supergiant binaries: Does wind density drive persistent and flaring modes of accretion?
• Discovery of eight 'Main-sequence Radio Pulse emitters' using the GMRT: clues to the onset of coherent radio emission in hot magnetic stars
• Unveiling the Variability and Chemical Composition of AL Col
• Spectropolarimetry of Magnetic Chemically Peculiar Stars in the Orion OB1 Association
• Stellar Magnetism
• Determining the incidence rate of magnetic $\delta$ Scuti candidates with CoRoT
• The symphony of pulsations and binarity among massive stars using HERMES spectroscopy and TESS photometry