Confronting sparse Gaia DR3 photometry with TESS for a sample of around 60,000 OBAF-type pulsators

Abstract

The Gaia mission has delivered hundreds of thousands of variable star light curves in multiple wavelengths. Recent work demonstrates that these light curves can be used to identify (non-)radial pulsations in the OBAF-type stars, despite the irregular cadence and low light curve precision of order a few mmag. With the considerably more precise TESS photometry, we revisit these candidate pulsators to conclusively ascertain the nature of their variability. We seek to re-classify the Gaia light curves with the first two years of TESS photometry for a sample of 58,970 p- and g- mode pulsators, encompassing gamma Dor, delta Scuti, SPB, and beta Cep variables. We also supply four new catalogues containing the confirmed pulsators, along with their dominant and secondary pulsation frequencies, the number of independent mode frequencies, and a ranking according to their usefulness for future asteroseismic ensemble analysis. We find that the Gaia photometry is exceptionally accurate for detecting the dominant and secondary frequencies, reaching approximately 80% accuracy in frequency for p- and g-mode pulsators. The majority of Gaia classifications are consistent with the classifications from the TESS data, illustrating the power of the low-cadence Gaia photometry for pulsation studies. We find that the sample of g-mode pulsators forms a continuous group of variable stars along the main sequence across B, A, and F spectral types, implying that the mode excitation mechanisms for all these pulsators need to be updated with improved physics. Finally, we provide a rank-ordered table of pulsators according to their asteroseismic potential for follow-up studies. Our catalogue offers a major increase in the number of confirmed gravity-mode pulsators with an identified dominant mode suitable for follow-up TESS ensemble asteroseismology of such stars.

14 pages, 8 figures, accepted to A&A

References in corpus (46)

• The Gaia mission
• Gaia Data Release 3: Summary of the content and survey properties
• The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
• Gaia Data Release 1. Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties
• The interior rotation of a sample of gamma Doradus stars from ensemble modelling of their gravity mode period spacings
• White Dwarf Rotation as a Function of Mass and a Dichotomy of Mode Linewidths: Kepler Observations of 27 Pulsating DA White Dwarfs Through K2 Campaign 8
• Asteroseismology of solar-type stars
• {\em Gaia}-derived luminosities of {\em Kepler} A/F stars and the pulsator fraction across the δ Scuti instability strip
• Internal mixing of rotating stars inferred from dipole gravity modes
• Low-frequency gravity waves in blue supergiants revealed by high-precision space photometry
• Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the variability processing and analysis
• A unifying explanation of complex frequency spectra of gamma Dor, SPB and Be stars: combination frequencies and highly non-sinusoidal light curves
• The first view of $\delta$ Scuti and $\gamma$ Doradus stars with the TESS mission
• Very regular high-frequency pulsation modes in young intermediate-mass stars
• Gaia Data Release 3: All-sky classification of 12.4 million variable sources into 25 classes
• Variability of OB stars from TESS southern Sectors 1-13 and high-resolution IACOB and OWN spectroscopy
• Photometric detection of internal gravity waves in upper main-sequence stars. II. Combined TESS photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy
• Diverse Variability of O and B Stars Revealed from 2-minute Cadence Light Curves in Sectors 1 and 2 of the TESS Mission: Selection of an Asteroseismic Sample
• Beyond the Kepler/K2 bright limit: variability in the seven brightest members of the Pleiades
• TESS-Gaia Light Curve: a PSF-based TESS FFI light curve product
• MOBSTER - II. Identification of rotationally variable A stars observed with \emph{TESS} in Sectors 1 to 4
• Constraining stellar evolution theory with asteroseismology of $\gamma$ Doradus stars using deep learning
• Rotational modulation in TESS B stars
• Magnetic OB[A] Stars with TESS: probing their Evolutionary and Rotational properties (MOBSTER) - I. First-light observations of known magnetic B and A stars
• Gaia Data Release 3: Pulsations in main sequence OBAF-type stars
• An all-sky sample of intermediate- to high-mass OBA-type eclipsing binaries observed by TESS
• Do A-type stars flare?
• TESS observations of the Pleiades cluster: a nursery for delta Scuti stars
• Detection of nonlinear resonances among gravity modes of slowly pulsating B stars: results from five iterative prewhitening strategies
• Periodic variable A-F spectral type stars in the northern TESS continuous viewing zone
• On the co-existence of chemically peculiar Bp stars, slowly pulsating B stars and constant B stars in the same part of the H-R diagram
• Internal rotation and inclinations of slowly pulsating B stars: Evidence of interior angular momentum transport
• Classifying Kepler light curves for 12,000 A and F stars using supervised feature-based machine learning
• Asteroseismology of massive stars with the TESS mission: the runaway Beta Cep pulsator PHL 346 = HN Aqr
• Five young $\delta$ Scuti stars in the Pleiades seen with Kepler/K2
• TESS Data for Asteroseismology (T'DA) Stellar Variability Classification Pipeline: Set-Up and Application to the Kepler Q9 Data
• Detection of period-spacing patterns due to the gravity modes of rotating dwarfs in the TESS southern continuous viewing zone
• Asteroseismology of the young open cluster NGC 2516 I: Photometric and spectroscopic observations
• Astrophysical properties of 15062 Gaia DR3 gravity-mode pulsators: pulsation amplitudes, rotation, and spectral line broadening
• Destroying Aliases from the Ground and Space: Super-Nyquist ZZ Cetis in K2 Long Cadence Data
• Six new rapidly oscillating Ap stars in the Kepler long-cadence data using super-Nyquist asteroseismology
• Internal rotation and buoyancy travel time of 60 gamma Doradus stars from uninterrupted TESS light curves spanning 352 days
• Age-dating the young open cluster UBC 1 with g-mode asteroseismology, gyrochronology, and isochrone fitting
• Frequency analysis of Delta Scuti stars towards the Galactic bulge
• Measuring White Dwarf Variability from Sparsely Sampled Gaia DR3 Multi-Epoch Photometry
• A catalog of new slowly pulsating B-type stars

Cited by in corpus (12)

• The PLATO field selection process. II. Characterization of LOPS2, the first long-pointing field
• Kepler meets Gaia DR3: homogeneous extinction-corrected color-magnitude diagram and binary classification
• Mode identification and ensemble asteroseismology of 119 $\beta$ Cep stars detected by Gaia light curves and monitored by TESS
• Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): Enhanced multiplicity of early B-type dwarfs and giants at $Z=0.2{\mathrm{Z}}_{\odot }$
• Statistical view of orbital circularisation with 14 000 characterised TESS eclipsing binaries
• Gaia/GSP-spec spectroscopic properties of gamma Doradus pulsators
• MOCKA -- A PLATO mock asteroseismic catalogue: Simulations for gravity-mode oscillators
• Learning novel representations of variable sources from multi-modal $\text{Gaia}$ data via autoencoders
• Probing stellar rotation in the Pleiades with gravity-mode pulsators
• Characterizing bright $\delta$ Scuti pulsators using TESS lightcurves
• Automated all-sky detection of γ Doradus / δ Scuti hybrids in TESS data from positive unlabelled (PU) learning
• The symphony of pulsations and binarity among massive stars using HERMES spectroscopy and TESS photometry