Very regular high-frequency pulsation modes in young intermediate-mass stars

Abstract

Asteroseismology is a powerful tool for probing the internal structures of stars by using their natural pulsation frequencies. It relies on identifying sequences of pulsation modes that can be compared with theoretical models, which has been done successfully for many classes of pulsators, including low-mass solar-type stars, red giants, high-mass stars and white dwarfs. However, a large group of pulsating stars of intermediate mass--the so-called delta Scuti stars--have rich pulsation spectra for which systematic mode identification has not hitherto been possible. This arises because only a seemingly random subset of possible modes are excited, and because rapid rotation tends to spoil the regular patterns. Here we report the detection of remarkably regular sequences of high-frequency pulsation modes in 60 intermediate-mass main-sequence stars, allowing definitive mode identification. Some of these stars have space motions that indicate they are members of known associations of young stars, and modelling of their pulsation spectra confirms that these stars are indeed young.

arXiv commentpublished in Nature https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2226-8

References in corpus (73)

• The chemical composition of the Sun
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
• The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Giant Planets, Oscillations, Rotation, and Massive Stars
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models
• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• Protoplanetary Disks and Their Evolution
• Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
• Kepler Input Catalog: Photometric Calibration and Stellar Classification
• New constraints on the chemical evolution of the solar neighbourhood and Galactic disc(s). Improved astrophysical parameters for the Geneva-Copenhagen Survey
• BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN $\Sigma$ multivariate Bayesian algorithm to identify members of young associations within 150 pc
• Revised Stellar Properties of Kepler Targets for the Quarter 1-16 Transit Detection Run
• The California Planet Survey I. Four New Giant Exoplanets
• On the age of the $\beta$ Pictoris moving group
• The K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) and Stellar Classifications of 138,600 Targets in Campaigns 1-8
• Revised Stellar Properties of Kepler Targets for the Q1-17 (DR25) Transit Detection Run
• Calculating asteroseismic diagrams for solar-like oscillations
• The Tucana/Horologium, Columba, AB Doradus, and Argus Associations: New Members and Dusty Debris Disks
• On Galactic density modeling in the presence of dust extinction
• Rotational velocities of A-type stars IV. Evolution of rotational velocities
• Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions
• A new correction of stellar oscillation frequencies for near-surface effects
• Rotational velocities of A-type stars II. Measurement of vsini in the northern hemisphere
• Barycentric Corrections at 1 cm/s for precise Doppler velocities
• Pulsating white dwarfs: new insights
• Giant star seismology
• Asteroseismology of solar-type stars
• {\em Gaia}-derived luminosities of {\em Kepler} A/F stars and the pulsator fraction across the δ Scuti instability strip
• Star-Disc-Binary Interactions in Protoplanetary Disc Systems and Primordial Spin-Orbit Misalignments
• Characterising the observational properties of δ Sct stars in the era of space photometry from the Kepler mission
• Python Leap Second Management and Implementation of Precise Barycentric Correction (barycorrpy)
• The first view of $\delta$ Scuti and $\gamma$ Doradus stars with the TESS mission
• Spectroscopic survey of Kepler stars. I. HERMES/Mercator observations of A- and F-type stars
• Pulsation frequency distribution in Delta Scuti stars
• Grid Search in Stellar Parameters: a software for spectrum analysis of single stars and binary systems
• Extended stellar systems in the solar neighborhood - II. Discovery of a nearby 120° stellar stream in Gaia DR2
• Asteroseismic analysis of the CoRoT δ-Scuti star HD174936
• The role of turbulent pressure as a coherent pulsational driving mechanism: the case of the delta Scuti star HD 187547
• TESS reveals that the nearby Pisces-Eridanus stellar stream is only 120 Myr old
• Regular patterns in the acoustic spectrum of rapidly rotating stars
• High frequency A-type pulsators discovered using SuperWASP
• Observational $\Delta \nu$-$\bar{\rho }$ relation for $\delta$ Sct stars using eclipsing binaries and space photometry
• The period-luminosity relation for delta Scuti stars using Gaia DR2 parallaxes
• KIC 3858884: a hybrid δ Sct pulsator in a highly eccentric eclipsing binary
• Regularities in frequency spacings of Delta Scuti stars: The Kepler star KIC 9700322
• Measuring mean densities of delta Scuti stars with asteroseismology. Theoretical properties of large separations using TOUCAN
• Echography of young stars reveals their evolution
• New low-mass members of the Octans stellar association and an updated 30-40 Myr lithium age
• An in-depth study of HD 174966 with CoRoT photometry and HARPS spectroscopy. Large separation as a new observable for δSct stars
• The excitation of solar-like oscillations in a delta Scuti star by efficient envelope convection
• Toward mode selection in Delta Scuti stars: Regularities in observed and theoretical frequency spectra
• A 80 au cavity in the disk around HD 34282
• Unexpected series of regular frequency spacing of delta Scuti stars in the non-asymptotic regime -- II. Sample -- echelle diagrams and rotation
• An evaluation of the membership probability of 212 $\lambda$ Boo stars: I. A Catalogue
• Pulsations of rapidly rotating stars: II. Realistic modelling for intermediate-mass stars
• A study of correlation between the oscillation amplitude and stellar parameters for delta Scuti stars in open clusters. Toward selection rules for delta Scuti stars oscillations
• Revisiting the pulsational characteristics of the exoplanet host star $\beta$ Pictoris
• Frequency regularities of acoustic modes and multi-colour mode identification in rapidly rotating stars
• Mode Classification in Fast-Rotating Stars using a Convolutional Neural Network: Model-Based Regular Patterns in $\delta$ Scuti Stars
• Spectroscopic survey of Kepler stars. II. FIES/NOT observations of A- and F-type stars
• Unexpected series of regular frequency spacing of delta Scuti stars in the non-asymptotic regime -- I. The methodology
• The pre-main sequence star HD 34282: A very short period delta Scuti-type pulsator
• Delta Scuti Variables
• The $\delta$ Scuti pulsations of $\beta$ Pictoris as observed by ASTEP from Antarctica
• Regular frequency patterns in the classical delta Scuti star HD 144277 observed by the MOST satellite
• Regular frequency patterns in the young delta Scuti star HD 261711 observed by the CoRoT and MOST satellites
• CoRoT 102749568: mode identification in a delta Scuti star based on regular spacings
• MOST observations of the Herbig Ae δ-Scuti star HD 34282
• Lambda Bootis stars in the SuperWASP survey
• Bright Southern Variable Stars in the bRing Survey
• Rotational and pulsational variability in the TESS light curve of HD27463
• Regularities in the spectrum of chaotic p-modes in rapidly rotating stars

Cited by in corpus (59)

• Probing the interior physics of stars through asteroseismology
• Direct Imaging and Astrometric Detection of a Gas Giant Planet Orbiting an Accelerating Star
• A precise asteroseismic age and metallicity for HD 139614: a pre-main-sequence star with a protoplanetary disc in Upper-Centaurus Lupus
• Asteroseismology of 3,642 Kepler Red Giants: Correcting the Scaling Relations based on Detailed Modeling
• Revisiting bright delta Scuti stars and their period-luminosity relation with TESS and Gaia DR3
• Reconstructing the Pleiades with Gaia EDR3
• TESS observations of the Pleiades cluster: a nursery for delta Scuti stars
• Untangling the Galaxy. IV. Empirical Constraints on Angular Momentum Evolution and Gyrochronology for Young Stars in the Field
• Highlights of Discoveries for $\delta$ Scuti Variable Stars From the Kepler Era
• Confronting sparse Gaia DR3 photometry with TESS for a sample of around 60,000 OBAF-type pulsators
• SPYGLASS. III. The Fornax-Horologium Association and its Traceback History within the Austral Complex
• Tidally perturbed pulsations in the pre-main sequence $\delta$ Scuti binary RS Cha
• TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME) VII : Membership, rotation, and lithium in the young cluster Group-X and a new young exoplanet
• Classifying Kepler light curves for 12,000 A and F stars using supervised feature-based machine learning
• Five young $\delta$ Scuti stars in the Pleiades seen with Kepler/K2
• Asteroseismology of the young open cluster NGC 2516 I: Photometric and spectroscopic observations
• Oscillations of 2D ESTER models. I. The adiabatic case
• Determining the seismic age of the young open cluster $\alpha$ Per using $\delta$ Scuti stars
• SPYGLASS. II. The Multi-Generational and Multi-Origin Star Formation History of Cepheus Far North
• Mass transfer and tidally tilted pulsation in the Algol-type system TZ Dra
• The Pulsation Properties of $\lambda$ Bootis Stars I. The Southern TESS Sample
• Pulsating B stars in the Scorpius-Centaurus Association with TESS
• Age-dating the young open cluster UBC 1 with g-mode asteroseismology, gyrochronology, and isochrone fitting
• TIC 308396022: a $\delta$ Scuti--$\gamma$ Doradus hybrid with large-amplitude radial fundamental mode and regular g-mode period spacing
• Asteroseismology of $\delta$ Scuti stars: emulating model grids using a neural network
• Pulsational instability of pre-main-sequence models from accreting protostars II. Modelling echelle diagrams of $\delta$ Scuti stars without rotational splitting
• Dating young open clusters using delta Scuti stars. Results for Trumpler 10 and Praesepe
• Study of the low-order $\Delta \nu$-$\bar{\rho }$ relation for moderately-rotating $\delta$ Scuti stars and its impact on their characterisation
• Study of rotational splittings in $\delta$~Scuti stars using pattern finding techniques
• The imprint of star formation on stellar pulsations
• Rapidly-oscillating {\it TESS} A--F main sequence stars: are the roAp stars a distinct class?
• Modeling of multimode radially pulsating High-Amplitude Delta Scuti stars from the OGLE Galactic bulge sample
• A binary with a $\delta$~Scuti star and an oscillating red giant: orbit and asteroseismology of KIC9773821
• Identifying 850 delta Scuti pulsators in a narrow Gaia colour range with TESS 10-minute full-frame images
• The Effects of Metallicity on Convective Overshoot Behaviour in Models of delta Scuti Variable Stars
• Seismology of Altair with MOST
• Physical properties of the eclipsing binary KIC 9851944 and analysis of its tidally-perturbed p- and g-mode pulsations
• $\delta$ Scuti pulsations in the bright Pleiades eclipsing binary HD 23642
• Period-Colour and Amplitude-Colour relations for OGLE-$\delta$ Scuti stars in the Galactic Bulge and LMC
• Exploring the convective core of the high-amplitude $\delta$ Scuti star TIC 120857354 with asteroseismology
• Short-Period Variables in TESS Full-Frame Image Light Curves Identified via Convolutional Neural Networks
• Modelling $\delta$ Scuti pulsations: A new grid of p, g, and f modes across pre-main-sequence to post-main-sequence evolution
• Statistical analysis of asteroseismic indices and stellar parameters of TESS-observed $\delta$ Scuti stars
• Investigating stellar variability in the open cluster region NGC 381
• An MCMC Approach to the Three-dimensional Structure of the Milky Way Bulge using OGLE-IV $\delta$ Scuti Stars
• Probing stellar rotation in the Pleiades with gravity-mode pulsators
• Stellar pulsations interfering with the transit light curve: configurations with false positive misalignment
• Variable Blue Straggler Stars in Open Cluster NGC 6819 Observed in the Kepler 'Superstamp' Field
• Spectroscopic and Photometric Study of the new $\delta$ Scuti Star ASAS J063309+1810.8
• Characterizing bright $\delta$ Scuti pulsators using TESS lightcurves
• KIC 10855535: An elegant Delta Scuti pulsator with Amplitude and Phase Modulation
• The $\beta$ Pictoris b Hill sphere transit campaign. Paper II: Searching for the signatures of the $\beta$ Pictoris exoplanets through time delay analysis of the $\delta$ Scuti pulsations
• Asteroseismology
• Halo Photometry and Asteroseismology for 98 of the Brightest Stars Observed by TESS
• Finger on the pulse of asteroseismology
• Asteroseismology of 35 Kepler and TESS $\delta$ Scuti stars near the red edge of the instability strip. The limitations of $\delta$ Scuti stars for dating open clusters
• Pulsation and Rotation of the EL CVn-type Eclipsing Binary 1SWASP J024743.37-251549.2
• A search for transits among the δ Scuti variables in Kepler
• Isochrone-cloud fitting and asteroseismology of the Kepler open cluster NGC6866