Absolute Calibration of the Infrared Array Camera on the Spitzer Space Telescope

Abstract

The Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on the Spitzer Space Telescope is absolutely calibrated by comparing photometry on a set of A stars near the north ecliptic pole to predictions based on ground-based observations and a stellar atmosphere model. The brightness of point sources is calibrated to an accuracy of 3%, relative to models for A star stellar atmospheres, for observations performed and analyzed in the same manner as the calibration stars. This includes corrections for location of the star in the array and the location if the centroid within the peak pixel. Long-term stability of the IRAC photometry was measured by monitoring the brightness of A dwarfs and K giants (near the north ecliptic pole) observed several times per month; the photometry is stable to 1.5% (rms) over a year. Intermediate-time-scale stability of the IRAC photometry was measured by monitoring at least one secondary calibrator (near the ecliptic plane) every 12 hr while IRAC is in nominal operations; the intermediate-term photometry is stable with a 1% dispersion (rms). One of the secondary calibrators was found to have significantly time-variable (5%) mid-infrared emission, with period (7.4 days) matching the optical light curve; it is possibly a Cepheid variable.

accepted to PASP; 7/7/05: fixed mistake on page 17 (extended source corrections must be multiplied not divided)

References in corpus (3)

• The Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) for the Spitzer Space Telescope
• The Spitzer Space Telescope Mission
• Spectral Irradiance Calibration in the Infrared. XIII. "Supertemplates" and On-Orbit Calibrators for SIRTF's Infrared Array Camera (IRAC)

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• Optical/Infrared Observations of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 1048.1-5937 During Its 2007 X-Ray Flare
• A dynamics-free lower bound on the mass of our galaxy
• The Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation (The Leavitt Law) at Mid-Infrared Wavelengths: IV. Cepheids in IC 1613
• High Resolution IR Observations of the Starburst Ring in NGC 7552 -- One Ring to Rule Them All?
• Probing the regoliths of the classical Uranian satellites: Are their surfaces mantled by a layer of tiny H2O ice grains?
• Dust evolution across the Horsehead Nebula
• The Gaia spectrophotometric standard stars survey -II. Instrumental effects of six ground-based observing campaigns
• IRAC Excess in Distant Star-Forming Galaxies: Tentative Evidence for the 3.3$\mu$m Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Feature ?
• Multi-wavelength study of triggered star formation around mid-infrared bubble N14
• An Improved Near-Infrared Spectrum of the Archetype Y Dwarf WISEP J182831.08+265037.8
• Young open clusters in the galactic star forming region NGC 6357
• The Coordinated Radio and Infrared Survey for High-mass Star Formation. IV: A new radio selected sample of compact Galactic Planetary Nebulae
• The Mid-Infrared Colors of the ISM and Extended Sources at the Galactic Center
• Blazar 3C 454.3 in Outburst and Quiescence During 2005-2007: Two Variable Synchrotron Emission Peaks
• An Infrared Study of the Large-scale Jet in Quasar PKS 1136-135
• Limits on Unresolved Planetary Companions to White Dwarf Remnants of 14 Intermediate-Mass Stars
• The Carbon-to-H${}_2$, CO-to-H${}_2$ Conversion Factors and Carbon Abundance on Kiloparsec Scales in Nearby Galaxies
• Exploring the Dust Content of Galactic Halos with Herschel III. NGC 891
• Infrared Emission from the Nearby Cool Core Cluster Abell 2597
• Planetary Nebulae Detected in the Spitzer Space Telescope GLIMPSE II Legacy Survey
• A deep look at the nuclear region of UGC 5101 through high angular resolution mid-IR data with GTC/CanariCam
• Maser Observations of Westerlund 1 and Comprehensive Considerations on Maser Properties of Red Supergiants Associated with Massive Clusters
• Detection of unidentified infrared bands in a Halpha filament in the dwarf galaxy NGC1569 with AKARI
• The dust SED of dwarf galaxies I. The case of NGC 4214
• Low-Resolution Spectrum of the Zodiacal Light with AKARI InfraRed Camera
• The "DODO" survey I: limits on ultra-cool substellar and planetary-mass companions to van Maanen's star (vMa 2)
• The Frequency of Mid-Infrared Excess Sources in Galactic Surveys
• A Very Large Array Survey of Luminous Extranuclear Star-forming Regions in Luminous Infrared Galaxies in GOALS
• A Sample of Intermediate-Mass Star-Forming Regions: Making Stars at Mass Column Densities <1 g/cm^2
• Clustered star formation at early evolutionary stages. Physical and chemical analysis of the young star-forming regions ISOSS J22478+6357 and ISOSS J23053+5953
• Benchmarking Dust Emission Models in M101
• An Emerging Wolf-Rayet Massive Star Cluster in NGC 4449
• A deep near-infrared survey toward the Aquila molecular cloud - I. Molecular hydrogen outflows
• Debris discs in the 27 Myr old open cluster IC4665
• A Star-sized Impact-Produced Dust Clump in the Terrestrial Zone of the HD 166191 System
• Removing biases in resolved stellar mass-maps of galaxy disks through successive Bayesian marginalization
• The S4G perspective on circumstellar dust extinction of AGB stars in M100
• NICMOS Spectrophotometry and Models for A-Stars
• The Chandra ACIS Survey of M33 (ChASeM33): Transient X-ray Sources Discovered in M33
• NGC 1275: an outlier of the black hole-host scaling relations
• Spitzer Observations of Dust Emission from HII Regions in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Near-infrared photometry of WISE J085510.74$-$071442.5
• Characterization and Improvement of the Image Quality of the Data Taken with the Infrared Camera (IRC) Mid-Infrared Channels onboard AKARI
• Spitzer IRAC observations of JWST calibration stars
• Statistical study of dust properties in LMC molecular clouds
• The dust properties and physical conditions of the interstellar medium in the LMC massive star forming complex N11
• Infrared Absolute Calibration I: Comparison of Sirius with Fainter Calibration Stars
• The First Mid-Infrared Spectra of Cool White Dwarfs
• Discovery of new low-excitation planetary nebulae
• WISEP J060738.65+242953.4: A Nearby. Pole-On L8 Brown Dwarf with Radio Emission
• Spitzer Infrared Observations and Independent Validation of the Transiting Super-Earth CoRoT-7b
• Photo-reverberation Mapping of a Protoplanetary Accretion Disk around a T Tauri Star
• Ongoing Massive Star Formation in NGC 604
• The Star-Forming Histories of the Nucleus, Bulge, and Inner Disk of NGC 5102: Clues to the Evolution of a Nearby Lenticular Galaxy
• A Spitzer Space Telescope survey of extreme Asymptotic Giant Branch stars in M32
• Young stellar clusters and associations in M33
• A multiwavelength investigation of the HII region S311: Young stellar population and star formation
• A Spitzer Search for Substellar Companions to Low Mass White Dwarfs
• The Extended Disk Galaxy Exploration Science Survey: Description and Surface Brightness Profile Properties
• The FluxCompensator: Making Radiative Transfer Models of hydrodynamical Simulations Directly Comparable to Real Observations
• An infrared-submillimeter study of star-forming regions selected by the ISOSS 170um survey
• The low-mass YSO CB230-A: investigating the protostar and its jet with NIR spectroscopy and Spitzer observations
• Spitzer Space Telescope Mid-IR Light Curves of Neptune
• [CII] map of the molecular ring and arms of the spiral galaxy NGC 7331
• The Herschel view of circumstellar discs: a multi-wavelength study of Chamaeleon I
• Spitzer Space Telescope Observations of the Magnetic Cataclysmic Variable AE Aqr
• Infrared point source variability between the Spitzer and MSX surveys of the Galactic mid-plane
• Mid-infrared Identification of 6 cm Radio Source Counterparts in the Extended Groth Strip
• Spectral Energy Distribution of z>1 Type Ia Supernova Hosts in GOODS: Constraints on Evolutionary Delay and the Initial Mass Function
• Dust discs around intermediate mass and Sun-like stars in the 16 Myr old NGC 1960 open cluster
• Diameters and albedos of three sub-kilometer Near Earth Objects derived from Spitzer observations
• Trends in Spitzer Secondary Eclipses
• Bayesian fitting of Taurus brown dwarf spectral energy distributions
• HOPS 136: An Edge-On Orion Protostar Near the End of Envelope Infall
• The Spitzer View of Low-Metallicity Star Formation: II. Mrk 996, a Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy with an Extremely Dense Nucleus
• Seeing Red in M32: Constraints on the Stellar Content from Near- and Mid-Infrared Observations and Applications for Studies of More Distant Galaxies
• Old Massive Globular Clusters and the Stellar Halo of the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy NGC 4449
• Herschel and Spitzer observations of slowly rotating, nearby isolated neutron stars
• The Aromatic Features in Very Faint Dwarf Galaxies
• Cuspy dark matter density profiles in massive dwarf galaxies
• Searching for TESS Photometric Variability of Possible JWST Spectrophotometric Standard Stars
• The Stellar Halo and Tidal Streams of Messier 63
• The Mid-Infrared Colours of Galactic Bulge, Disk and Magellanic Planetary Nebulae
• Nano-grain depletion in photon-dominated regions
• Periodic optical variability and debris accretion in white dwarfs: a test for a causal connection
• Discovery of Highly Obscured Galaxies in the Zone of Avoidance
• Properties of Bulgeless Disk Galaxies II. Star Formation as a Function of Circular Velocity
• Spitzer IRAC Color Diagnostics for Extended Emission in Star Forming Regions
• Spitzer observations of Abell 1763 - I: infrared and optical photometry
• The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope Nearby Galaxies Legacy Survey IX: ${}^{12}$CO $J=3\to 2$ Observations of NGC 2976 and NGC 3351
• Raven and the Center of Maffei 1: Multi-Object Adaptive Optics Observations of the Center of a Nearby Elliptical Galaxy and the Detection of an Intermediate Age Population
• Protoplanetary and Transitional Disks in the Open Stellar Cluster IC 2395
• The mid-infrared Leavitt Law for Classical Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds
• Knot a Bad Idea: Testing BLISS Mapping for Spitzer Space Telescope Photometry
• Massive pre-main-sequence stars in M17: $1^{\mathrm{st}}$ and $2^{\mathrm{nd}}$ overtone CO bandhead emission and the thermal infrared
• Cluster Glimpses with Raven: AO Corrected Near and Mid-Infrared Images of Glimpse C01 and Glimpse C02
• The SPHEREx Target List of Ice Sources (SPLICES)
• Massive pre-main-sequence stars in M17 -- Modelling hydrogen and dust in MYSO disks
• A deep multi-band investigation of IC2391
• GM 2-4 - a signpost for low and intermediate mass star formation
• Bimodality of Galaxy Disk Central Surface Brightness Distribution in the Spitzer 3.6 micron band
• Spitzer Mid-Infrared Observations of Seven Bipolar Planetary Nebulae
• A Multiwavelength View of Star Formation in Interacting Galaxies in the Pavo Group
• The Odd Offset between the Galactic Disk and Its Bar in NGC 3906
• A Molecular Gas Ring Hidden in the Sombrero Galaxy
• Infrared spectroscopy of intermediate mass young stellar objects
• Characterizing star formation activity in infrared dark cloud MSXDC G048.65-00.29
• Search for Mid-IR Flux Variations from The Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 4U 0142+61
• Properties of Galaxies in the Disc Central Surface Brightness Gap
• Modeling the unresolved NIR-MIR SEDs of local ($z<0.1$) QSOs
• Testing Models of Triggered Star Formation with Young Stellar Objects in Cepheus OB4
• Star Formation and the Interstellar Medium In Nearby Tidal Streams (SAINTS): Spitzer Mid-infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging of Intergalactic Star-forming Objects
• A Census of Mid-Infrared Selected Active Galactic Nuclei in Massive Galaxy Clusters at 0 < z < 1.3
• New eruptive variable in the massive star-forming region associated with IRAS 18507+0121 source
• Revisiting the dust properties in the molecular clouds of the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Serendipitous discovery of a dusty disc around WDJ181417.84-735459.83
• Morphological study of the nested planetary nebula Hubble 12
• Recent stellar mass assembly of low-mass star-forming galaxies at redshifts 0.3 < z < 0.9
• The Active Nucleus of IC4970: A Nearby Example of Merger-Induced Cold-Gas Accretion
• Spitzer Mid-infrared Study of Sh 2-208: Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks in Low-metallicity Environments
• Infrared variable stars in the compact elliptical galaxy M32
• Infrared Observations of The Millisecond Pulsar Binary J1023+0038: Evidence for Short-Term Nature of Its Interacting Phase in 2000--2001
• $L$-band Spectra of Young Brown Dwarfs
• Detecting hot stars in the Galactic centre with combined near- and mid-infrared photometry
• On the Thermally Pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch Contribution to the Light of Nearby Disk Galaxies
• HH 223: a parsec-scale H2 outflow in the star-forming region L723
• Galaxy Secular Mass Flow Rate Determination Using the Potential-Density Phase Shift Approach: Application to Six Nearby Spiral Galaxies
• On-orbit Performance of the Spitzer Space Telescope: Science Meets Engineering
• The extended disc and halo of the Andromeda galaxy observed with Spitzer-IRAC
• White dwarf magnetospheres: Shielding volatile content of icy objects and implications for volatile pollution scarcity
• NGC 3105: A Young Cluster in the Outer Galaxy
• Changes: The Past, Present, and Future of the Nearby Dwarf Galaxy NGC 55
• The Brown Dwarf Kinematics Project (BDKP). II. Details on Nine Wide Common Proper Motion Very Low-Mass Companions to Nearby Stars
• From Stellar Nurseries to Old Stellar Populations: A Multi-wavelength Case of NGC 1055
• Tying Spitzer's IRS Calibration to IRAC: Observations of IRS Standard Stars
• High-contrast Imaging around a 2 Myr-old CI Tau with a Close-in Gas Giant
• A Multiband Catalog of Infrared-Excess Sources in the Vela-Carina Region: VVVX, DECaPS, and GLIMPSE
• Analysis of B and Be Star Populations of the Double Cluster h and chi Persei
• The James Webb Space Telescope Absolute Flux Calibration. I. Program Design and Calibrator Stars