An increased estimate of the merger rate of double neutron stars from observations of a highly relativistic system

Abstract

The merger of close binary systems containing two neutron stars should produce a burst of gravitational waves, as predicted by the theory of general relativity. A reliable estimate of the double-neutron-star merger rate in the Galaxy is crucial in order to predict whether current gravity wave detectors will be successful in detecting such bursts. Present estimates of this rate are rather low, because we know of only a few double-neutron-star binaries with merger times less than the age of the Universe. Here we report the discovery of a 22-ms pulsar, PSR J0737-3039, which is a member of a highly relativistic double-neutron-star binary with an orbital period of 2.4 hours. This system will merge in about 85 Myr, a time much shorter than for any other known neutron-star binary. Together with the relatively low radio luminosity of PSR J0737-3039, this timescale implies an order-of-magnitude increase in the predicted merger rate for double-neutron-star systems in our Galaxy (and in the rest of the Universe).

6 pages, 2 figures

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• Gravitational-wave radiation from double compact objects with eLISA in the Galaxy
• The very soft X-ray spectrum of the Double Pulsar System J0737-3039
• PSR J0737-3039B: A probe of radio pulsar emission heights
• Coherent Search for Binary Pulsars across all Five Keplerian Parameters in Radio Observations using the template-bank algorithm
• The final phase of inspiral of neutron stars: realistic equations of state
• Formation of massive skyrmion stars
• Did GW170817 harbor a pulsar?
• Radio Emission Region Exposed: Courtesy of the Double Pulsar
• Central engine of GRB170817A: Neutron star versus Kerr black hole based on multimessenger calorimetry and event timing
• I-Love-Q to the extreme
• Radio pulsars: testing gravity and detecting gravitational waves
• Discovery of the neutron stars merger GW170817/GRB170817A and Binary Stellar Evolution
• Can N-body systems generate periodic gravitational waves?
• Pulsar timing and its applications
• Possible binary neutron star merger history of the primary of GW230529
• Confronting new NICER mass-radius measurements with phase transition in dense matter and twin compact stars
• New constraints on the kinematic, relativistic and evolutionary properties of the PSR J1757$-$1854 double neutron star system
• Eccentricities of Double Neutron Star Binaries
• Acceptability Conditions and Relativistic Anisotropic Generalized Polytropes
• Constraining models of modified gravity with the double pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B system
• A new well behaved class of charge analogue of Adler's relativistic exact solution
• Variation of delta baryon mass and hybrid star properties in static and rotating conditions
• Single-Source Gravitational Wave Limits from the J1713+0747 24-hr Global Campaign
• Effect of squeezing on parameter estimation of gravitational waves emitted by compact binary systems
• The Binary Black Hole Merger Rate from Ultraluminous X-ray Source Progenitors
• Revisiting the 2PN pericentre precession in view of possible future measurements of it
• Understanding and improving the timing of PSR J0737-3039B
• PSR J0737-3039: Interacting Pulsars in X-Rays
• Parametric derivation of the observable relativistic periastron advance for binary pulsars
• Anomalous character of the axion-photon coupling in a magnetic field distorted by a pp-wave gravitational background
• Measuring the Lense-Thirring Orbital Precession and the Neutron Star Moment of Inertia with Pulsars
• A comment on "Lense-Thirring frame dragging induced by a fast-rotating white dwarf in a binary pulsar system" by V. Venkatraman Krishnan et al
• Gravitational Faraday Rotation in Binary Pulsar Systems
• Prospects for optical detections from binary neutron star mergers with the next-generation multi-messenger observatories
• The long and the short of it: modelling double neutron star and collapsar Galactic dynamics
• Realistic Modeling of the Pulse Profile of PSR J0737-3039A
• Neutron star masses: dwarfs, giants and neighbors
• How Macroscopic Limits on Neutron Star Baryon Loss Yield Microscopic Limits on Non-Standard-Model Baryon Decay
• Radio Emission from the Double-Pulsar System J0737-3039 Revisited
• The geometry and environment of repeating FRBs
• - Gravitational Waves - A Review on the Conceptual Foundations of Gravitational Radiation
• Parameter Estimation for Tests of General Relativity with the Astrophysical Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• On tests of general relativity with binary radio pulsars
• Gravitomagnetic effects in Kerr-de Sitter space-time
• A new technique for timing the double pulsar system
• One EURO for Uranus: the Elliptical Uranian Relativity Orbiter mission
• Deconfinement of non-strange hadronic matter with nucleons and $\Delta$ baryons to quark matter in neutron stars
• Follow-up analyses of the binary-neutron-star signals GW170817 and GW190425 by using post-Newtonian waveform models
• Chandra and HST Studies of Six Millisecond Pulsars in the Globular Cluster M13
• The gravitational wave "probability event horizon" for double neutron star mergers
• Model-Independent Comparisons of Pulsar Timings to Scalar-Tensor Gravity
• A MeerKAT view of the double pulsar eclipses -- Geodetic precession of pulsar B and system geometry
• Luminosity distance uncertainties from gravitational wave detections by third generation observatories
• Radio Pulsars as a Laboratory for Strong-field Gravity Tests
• The Lense-Thirring effect on the Galilean moons of Jupiter
• Mission Design for the TAIJI misson and Structure Formation in Early Universe
• The Search for Extra-Galactic Intelligence Signal Synchronized with a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• Testing the formation scenarios of binary neutron star systems with measurements of the neutron star moment of inertia
• Testing the rotating lighthouse model with the double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039A/B
• X-ray absorbing column densities of a complete sample of short Gamma Ray Bursts
• 50 Years of Pulsars!
• A post-Keplerian parameter to test gravito-magnetic effects in binary pulsar systems
• Observational Constraints on the Completeness of Space near Astrophysical Objects
• Gravito-Magnetism in one-body and two-body systems: Theory and Experiments
• Gravitational Radiation from Compact Binary Pulsars
• Hyperons and $\Delta$'s in rotating protoneutron stars: Global properties
• The Formation of Electron-capture Supernovae: A Review
• Gravitomagnetic time-varying effects on the motion of a test particle
• Limitations in Testing the Lense-Thirring Effect with LAGEOS and the Newly Launched Geodetic Satellite LARES 2
• Measuring spin in coalescing binaries of neutron stars showing double precursors
• Causal Modifications of Gravity and Their Observational Bounds
• Radio Emission from Ultra-stripped Supernovae as Diagnostics for Properties of the Remnant Double Neutron Star Binaries
• Measuring a gravitomagentic effect with the triple pulsar PSR J0337+1715
• Inferring small neutron star spins with neutron star-black hole mergers
• Observational evidence for a spin-up line in the P-Pdot diagram of millisecond pulsars
• When the anomalistic, draconitic and sidereal orbital periods do not coincide: the impact of post-Keplerian perturbing accelerations
• Constraints on the symmetry energy from neutron star observations
• The double neutron star PSR J1946+2052 I. Masses and tests of general relativity
• Short Gamma Ray Bursts as possible electromagnetic counterpart of coalescing binary systems
• The History of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) - Born Global
• Role of $\Delta$s in determining the properties of Neutron Stars in parameterized hydrostatic equilibrium
• The 1.5 post-Newtonian radiative quadrupole moment in the context of a nonlocal field theory of gravity
• Simulation of the orbit and spin period evolution of the double pulsars PSR J0737-3039 from their birth to coalescence induced by the gravitational wave radiation
• Investigating the detection rates and inference of gravitational-wave and radio emission from black hole neutron star mergers
• Application of the Probability Event Horizon filter to constrain the local rate density of binary black hole inspirals with Advanced LIGO
• Never bet against Einstein
• Simulating high-time resolution radio-telescope observations
• Influence of gravitational waves on circular moving particles
• Neutron Star Radius-to-mass Ratio from Partial Accretion Disc Occultation as Measured through Fe K$\alpha$ Line Profiles
• Future of Pulsar Research and Facilities
• Review of Conformally Flat Approximation for Binary Neutron Star Initial Conditions
• Renormalized 2PN spin contributions to the accumulated orbital phase for LISA sources
• Constraints on fourth order gravity from binary pulsar and gravitational waves
• Classical and general relativistic post-Keplerian effects in binary pulsars hosting fast rotating main sequence stars
• Constraining A String Gauge Field by Galaxy Rotation Curves and Perihelion Precession of Planets
• Hubble Space Telescope detection of the double pulsar system J0737-3039 in the far-ultraviolet
• On Some Critical Issues of the LAGEOS-Based Tests of the Lense-Thirring Effect
• Might the 2PN perihelion precession of Mercury become measurable in the next future?
• On the Unpulsed Radio Emission from J0737-3039
• Members of the double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039 : neutron stars or strange stars ?
• Enhanced particle acceleration in a pulsar wind interacting with a companion
• Measuring the De Sitter precession with a new Earth's satellite to the $\simeq 10^{-5}$ level: a proposal
• Constraining the optical emission from the double pulsar system J0737-3039
• The impact of the spin-orbit misalignment and of the spin of B on the Lense-Thrirring orbital precessions of the Double Pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B
• SPARKESX: Single-dish PARKES data sets for finding the uneXpected -- A data challenge
• Tests of Classical Gravity with Radio Pulsars
• Black Hole and Neutron Star Binaries: Theoretical Challenges
• Numerical Relativity Estimates of the Remnant Recoil Velocity in Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• Rotating gravitational lenses: a kinematic approach
• Long Term Study of the Double Pulsar J0737-3039 with XMM-Newton: pulsar timing
• Long-term study of the Double Pulsar J0737-3039 with XMM-Newton: spectral analysis
• Orbital effects due to gravitational induction
• Measurability of neutron star tidal deformability from merging neutron star-black hole binaries
• The fan beam model for the pulse evolution of PSR J0737-3039B
• A deep search for radio pulsations from the 1.3 M${}_{\odot }$ compact-object binary companion of young pulsar PSR J1906+0746
• Are we close to put the anomalous perihelion precessions from Verlinde's emergent gravity to the test?
• Light Pseudoscalar Bosons, PVLAS and the Double Pulsar J0737-3039
• Some comments on the electrodynamics of binary pulsars
• On the 2PN periastron precession of the Double Pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B
• Dineutron decay into sterile anti-neutrinos in neutron stars and its observable consequences
• Quantum Uncertainty Considerations for Gravitational Lens Interferometry
• Perspectives for multi-messenger astronomy with the next generation of gravitational-wave detectors and high-energy satellites
• Mergers of binary neutron star systems: a multi-messenger revolution
• Strong Field of Binary Systems And Its Effects On Pulsar Arrival Times
• The High Time Resolution Universe surveys for pulsars and fast transients
• Tidal deformations of compact objects and gravitational wave emission
• Tackling artefacts in the timing of relativistic pulsar binaries: towards the SKA
• On the Euler-type gravitomagnetic orbital effects in the field of a precessing body
• Characterizing Compact-object Binaries in the Lower Mass Gap with Gravitational Waves
• Long-term evolution of a supernova remnant hosting a double neutron star binary
• Bare Collapse, Formation of Neutron Star Binaries and Fast Optical Transients
• Degravitation and the relaxed Einstein equations
• Kinematic Evidence for Open Cluster Origins of Galactic Binary Neutron Stars
• Conducting The Deepest All-Sky Pulsar Survey Ever: The All-Sky High Time Resolution Universe Survey
• Forming Double Neutron Stars using Detailed Binary Evolution Models with POSYDON: Comparison to the Galactic Systems
• Narrowband searches for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars in the first two parts of the fourth LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA observing run
• Deep ATCA and VLA radio observations of short-GRB host galaxies. Constraints on star-formation rates, afterglow flux, and kilonova radio flares
• What We Have Learned from NICER About Neutron Star Radii
• The Discovery of the Most Accelerated Binary Pulsar
• Chasing Gamma-Ray Signals from Binary Neutron Star Coalescences with the Cherenkov Telescope Array: Prospects and Observing Strategies
• Search for Periodic Radio Signals from Double Neutron Star System Companions Using the Fast Folding Algorithm
• And Don't Forget The Black Holes
• Nethotrons: exploring the possibility of measuring relativistic spin precessions, from Earth's satellites to the Galactic Centre
• Short Gamma Ray Bursts: marking the birth of black holes from coalescing compact binaries
• Searching for gravitational waves emitted by binaries with spinning components
• Mode changing in J1909$-$3744: the most precisely timed pulsar