Optical single-shot readout of spin qubits in silicon

Abstract

The digital revolution was enabled by nanostructured devices made from silicon. A similar prominence of this material is anticipated in the upcoming quantum era as the unrivalled maturity of silicon nanofabrication offers unique advantages for integration and up-scaling, while its favorable material properties facilitate quantum memories with hour-long coherence. While small spin-qubit registers have exceeded error-correction thresholds, their connection to large quantum computers is an outstanding challenge. To this end, spin qubits with optical interfaces offer key advantages: they can minimize the heat load and give access to modular quantum computing architectures that eliminate cross-talk and offer a large connectivity via room-temperature photon routing. Here, we implement such an efficient spin-photon interface based on erbium dopants in a nanophotonic resonator. We thus demonstrate optical single-shot readout of a spin in silicon whose coherence exceeds the Purcell-enhanced optical lifetime, paving the way for entangling remote spins via photon interference. As erbium dopants can emit coherent photons in the minimal-loss band of optical fibers, and tens of such qubits can be spectrally multiplexed in each resonator, the demonstrated hardware platform offers unique promise for distributed quantum information processing and the implementation of a quantum internet based on integrated silicon devices.

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• Quantum Teleportation from Telecom Photons to Erbium-ion Ensembles
• Nuclear Spin Engineering for Quantum Information Science
• Luminescence thermometry based on photon emitters in nanophotonic silicon waveguides
• Engineering chlorine-based emitters in silicon carbide for telecom-band quantum technologies
• Spectral stability of cavity-enhanced single-photon emitters in silicon
• Scalable registration of single quantum emitters within solid immersion lenses through femtosecond laser writing
• Erbium Quantum Memory Platform with Long Optical Coherence via Back-End of Line Deposition on Foundry-Fabricated Photonics
• Narrow magneto-optical transitions in Erbium implanted silicon carbide-on-insulator
• Spectroscopy and Coherence of an Excited-State Transition in Tm${}^{3+}$:YAlO${}_3$ at Telecommunication Wavelength
• Spin-photon Qubits for Scalable Quantum Network
• Quantum Assemblage Tomography