Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). IV. The Ringed and Warped Structure of the Disk around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS

Abstract

Constraining the physical and chemical structure of young embedded disks is crucial to understanding the earliest stages of planet formation. As part of the Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Large Program, we present high spatial resolution ($\sim$0$.{}^{\prime \prime }$1 or $\sim$15 au) observations of the 1.3 mm continuum and ${}^{13}$CO $J=$ 2-1, C${}^{18}$O $J=$ 2-1, and SO $J_N=$ $6_5$-$5_4$ molecular lines toward the disk around the Class I protostar L1489 IRS. The continuum emission shows a ring-like structure at 56 au from the central protostar and a tenuous, optically thin emission extending beyond $\sim$300 au. The ${}^{13}$CO emission traces the warm disk surface, while the C${}^{18}$O emission originates from near the disk midplane. The coincidence of the radial emission peak of C${}^{18}$O with the dust ring may indicate a gap-ring structure in the gaseous disk as well. The SO emission shows a highly complex distribution, including a compact, prominent component at $\lesssim$30 au, which is likely to originate from thermally sublimated SO molecules. The compact SO emission also shows a velocity gradient along a slightly ($\sim 15^{\circ }$) tilted direction with respect to the major axis of the dust disk, which we interpret as an inner warped disk in addition to the warp around $\sim$200 au suggested by previous work. These warped structures may be formed by a planet or companion with an inclined orbit, or by a gradual change in the angular momentum axis during gas infall.

24 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal as one of the first-look papers of the eDisk ALMA Large Program

References in corpus (43)

• Evidence of fast pebble growth near condensation fronts in the HL Tau protoplanetary disk
• The VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity (VANDAM) Survey of Orion Protostars. A Statistical Characterization of Class 0 and I Protostellar Disks
• A Large Catalog of Accurate Distances to Local Molecular Clouds: The Gaia DR2 Edition
• A Circumplanetary Disk Around PDS70c
• Imaging the water-snow line during a protostellar outburst
• A Compendium of Distances to Molecular Clouds in the Star Formation Handbook
• Meridional flows in the disk around a young star
• Mass Estimates of a Giant Planet in a Protoplanetary Disk from the Gap Structures
• Direct mapping of the temperature and velocity gradients in discs. Imaging the vertical CO snow line around IM Lupi
• Formation of a Keplerian disk in the infalling envelope around L1527 IRS: transformation from infalling motions to Kepler motions
• Different dust and gas radial extents in protoplanetary disks: consistent models of grain growth and CO emission
• Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). I. Overview of the Program and First Results
• Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) IV: Emission Surfaces and Vertical Distribution of Molecules
• A highly settled disk around Oph 163131
• ALMA Observations of Infalling Flows toward the Keplerian Disk around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS
• Signatures of broken protoplanetary discs in scattered light and in sub-millimetre observations
• ALMA chemical survey of disk-outflow sources in Taurus (ALMA-DOT) VI: Accretion shocks in the disk of DG Tau and HL Tau
• The Flying Saucer: Tomography of the thermal and density gas structure of an edge-on protoplanetary disk
• Gas Disk Sizes from CO Line Observations: A Test of Angular Momentum Evolution
• Molecular outflow launched beyond the disk edge
• Vertical Structure of the Transition Zone from Infalling Rotating Envelope to Disk in the Class 0 Protostar, IRAS04368+2557
• Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). A Circumplanetary Disk Candidate in Molecular Line Emission in the AS 209 Disk
• Disk Masses for Embedded Class I Protostars in the Taurus Molecular Cloud
• A major asymmetric ice trap in a planet-forming disk: III. First detection of dimethyl ether
• A deeply embedded young protoplanetary disk around L1489 IRS observed by the submillimeter array
• Searching for kinematic evidence of Keplerian disks around Class 0 protostars with CALYPSO
• Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). II. Limited Dust Settling and Prominent Snow Surfaces in the Edge-on Class I Disk IRAS 04302+2247
• A 3D view of the Taurus star-forming region by Gaia and Herschel: multiple populations related to the filamentary molecular cloud
• Modeling accretion shocks at the disk-envelope interface -- Sulfur chemistry
• The Effect of Misalignment between Rotation Axis and Magnetic Field on Circumstellar Disk
• GW Ori: Interactions Between a Triple-star System and its Circumtriple Disk in Action
• Sulphur monoxide emission tracing an embedded planet in the HD 100546 protoplanetary disk
• Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk) III: A first high-resolution view of sub-mm continuum and molecular line emission toward the Class 0 protostar L1527 IRS
• Origin of Misalignments: Protostellar Jet, Outflow, Circumstellar Disc, and Magnetic Field
• Evaporation of grain-surface species by shock waves in proto-planetary disk
• Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). X. Studying deuteration at high angular resolution toward protoplanetary disks
• Ring formation by coagulation of dust aggregates in early phase of disk evolution around a protostar
• The Anatomy of an Unusual Edge-on Protoplanetary Disk. II. Gas temperature and a warm outer region
• Formation of dust clumps with sub-Jupiter mass and cold shadowed region in gravitationally unstable disk around Class 0/I protostar in L1527 IRS
• Chemical signatures of a warped protoplanetary disc
• Testing Disk Identification Methods Through Numerical Simulations of Protostellar Evolution
• Which Part of Dense Cores Feeds Material to Protostars?: The Case of L1489 IRS
• No evidence of the significant grain growth but tentative discovery of disk substructure in a disk around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). I. Overview of the Program and First Results
• Chaotic Type I Migration in Turbulent Discs
• Charting the Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Sky with Pulsar Timing Arrays
• Anatomy of the Class I protostar L1489 IRS with NOEMA -- I. Disk, streamers, outflow(s) and bubbles at 3mm
• FAUST. XVIII. Evidence for annular substructure in a very young Class 0 disk
• Origin and Evolution of Angular Momentum of Class II Disks
• Asymmetric Signatures of Warps in Edge-on Disks
• Constraints on the gas-phase C/O ratio of DR Tau's outer disk from CS, SO, and C${}_2$H observations
• Synthetic Observations of the Infalling Rotating Envelope: Links between the Physical Structure and Observational Features
• A question of personalities: evolution of viscous and wind-driven protoplanetary discs in the presence of dead zones
• Anatomy of the Class I protostar L1489 IRS with NOEMA - II. A disk replenished by a massive streamer
• FAUST. XXVIII. High-Resolution ALMA Observations of Class 0/I Disks: Structure, Optical Depths, and Temperatures
• Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). XX. Constraining the Chemical Tracers of Young Protostellar Sources