A distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud that is precise to one per cent

Abstract

In the era of precision cosmology, it is essential to empirically determine the Hubble constant with an accuracy of one per cent or better. At present, the uncertainty on this constant is dominated by the uncertainty in the calibration of the Cepheid period - luminosity relationship (also known as Leavitt Law). The Large Magellanic Cloud has traditionally served as the best galaxy with which to calibrate Cepheid period-luminosity relations, and as a result has become the best anchor point for the cosmic distance scale. Eclipsing binary systems composed of late-type stars offer the most precise and accurate way to measure the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud. Currently the limit of the precision attainable with this technique is about two per cent, and is set by the precision of the existing calibrations of the surface brightness - colour relation. Here we report the calibration of the surface brightness-colour relation with a precision of 0.8 per cent. We use this calibration to determine the geometrical distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud that is precise to 1 per cent based on 20 eclipsing binary systems. The final distane is 49.59 +/- 0.09 (statistical) +/- 0.54 (systematic) kiloparsecs.

arXiv commentPublished in Nature 567, 200 (2019)

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• Unveiling the Universe with Emerging Cosmological Probes
• Exploring extreme brightness variations in blue supergiant MACHO 80.7443.1718: Evidence for companion-driven enhanced mass loss
• Light-time effect detected in fourteen eclipsing binaries
• Modeling the Cosmic Dispersion Measure in the D < 120 Mpc Local Universe
• Precision timing of eclipsing binaries from TESS full frame images. Method and performance
• The VMC survey -- LIV. The internal kinematics of the LMC with new VISTA observations
• Spectral energy distributions of classical cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds
• Tests of photometry: the case of the NGC 3370 ACS field
• Dense Molecular Environments of B[e] Supergiants and Yellow Hypergiants
• Tidal Suppression of Fuzzy Dark Matter Heating in Milky Way Satellite Galaxies
• X-Shooting ULLYSES: massive stars at low metallicity: XII. The clumped winds of O-type (super)giants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Kinematics, structure and abundances of supernova remnant 0540-69.3
• Distance and age of the massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1. II. The eclipsing binary W36
• Three-dimensional dust geometry of the LMC HI ridge region as revealed by the IRSF/SIRIUS survey
• Deep VLT photometry of the faint stellar system in the Large Magellanic Cloud periphery YMCA-1
• Broadband study and the discovery of pulsations from the Be/X-ray binary eRASSU J052914.9-662446 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• An ongoing tidal capture in the Large Magellanic Cloud: the low-mass star cluster KMK88-10 captured by the massive globular cluster NGC 1835?
• GaiaUnlimited: The old stellar disc of the Milky Way as traced by the Red Clump
• Extinction towards the cluster R136 in the Large Magellanic Cloud: An extinction law from the near-infrared to the ultraviolet
• A free-floating-planet microlensing event caused by a Saturn-mass object
• The red giant branch tip in the SDSS, PS1, JWST, NGRST and Euclid photometric systems. Calibration in optical passbands using Gaia DR3 synthetic photometry
• Calibrating and standardizing the Tip of the Red Giant Branch in the Small Magellanic Cloud using small-amplitude red giants
• Inadequate turbulent support in low-metallicity molecular clouds
• Discovery of a ~30-Year-Duration Post-Nova Pulsating Supersoft Source in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Chemo-Dynamical Tagging in the Outskirts: The Origins of Stellar Substructures in the Magellanic Clouds
• Dynamic Dark Energy Equation of State (EoS) and Hubble Constant analysis using type Ia supernovae from Union 2.1 dataset
• The flux-weighted gravity-luminosity relation of Galactic classical Cepheids
• The stellar evolution perspective on the metallicity dependence of classical Cepheid Leavitt laws
• Radiative-transfer models for dusty Type II supernovae
• A study of photoionized gas in two HII regions of the N44 complex in the LMC using MUSE observations
• A probable Keplerian disk feeding an optically revealed massive young star
• Detecting and reconstructing gravitational waves from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova in the Advanced Detector Era
• Difference of photometric properties between regular and non-regular Miras in the Magellanic Clouds
• Kinematical Analysis of Substructure in the Southern Periphery of the Large Magellanic Cloud
• The episodic dust-making Wolf-Rayet star HD 38030 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Rapid Expansion of the Young Type Ia Supernova Remnant 0519-69.0: More Evidence for a Circumstellar Shell
• Protostars at Subsolar Metallicity: First Detection of Large Solid-state Complex Organic Molecules in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Spatial Variations and Breaks in the Optical-NIR spectra of the Pulsar and PWN in SNR 0540-69.3
• The art of building a smooth cosmic distance ladder in a perturbed universe
• An independent determination of the distance to supernova SN 1987A by means of the light echo AT 2019xis
• Properties of star formation of the Large Magellanic Cloud as probed by young stellar objects
• The dynamical age of the LMC globular cluster NGC 1835 using the "dynamical clock"
• A Simulation Based Inference Approach to the Dynamics of the MW-LMC System -- Validation
• The 3D kinematics of stellar substructures in the periphery of the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Application of hydrostatic local thermodynamic equilibrium atmosphere models to interpretations of supersoft X-ray source spectra
• Predicting light curves of RR Lyrae variables using artificial neural network based interpolation of a grid of pulsation models
• 2D BAO vs 3D BAO: Hints for new physics?
• Near-infrared evolution of the equatorial ring of SN 1987A
• The YMCA (Yes, Magellanic Clouds Again) survey: probing the outer regions of the Magellanic system with VST
• The Infrared Surface Brightness technique applied to RR Lyrae stars from the solar neighborhood
• Millinovae: A New Class of Transient Supersoft X-ray Sources without a Classical Nova Eruption
• The Chicago Carnegie Hubble Program: Improving the Calibration of SNe Ia with JWST Measurements of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch
• The metallicity sensitivity of a surface brightness temperature scale
• Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): Bayesian inference of natal kicks from inert black hole binaries
• One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog
• A theoretical framework for BL Her stars III. A case study: Robust light curve optimisation in the LMC
• Infrared bubble recognition in the Milky Way and beyond using deep learning
• A New Uncertainty Scheme for Galaxy Distances from Flow Models
• Unveiling VVV/WISE Mira variables on the far side of the Galactic disk: Distances, kinematics and a new extinction law
• Discovery of an extended Horizontal Branch in the Large Magellanic Cloud globular cluster NGC1835
• Asymmetries in the LMC velocity maps
• Investigating stellar variability in the open cluster region NGC 381
• Can Hubble tension be eased by invoking a finite range for gravity?
• Emergence of smooth distance and apparent magnitude in a lumpy Universe
• The VMC Survey -- LIV. Anomalous Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds Period-Luminosity relations in the near-infrared bands
• A constant upper luminosity limit of cool supergiant stars down to the extremely low metallicity of I Zw 18
• A joint 1% calibration of the RR Lyrae & type-II Cepheid Leavitt laws yields homogeneous distances to 93 Galactic globular clusters
• Elliptical (E) and ellicular (ES) galaxies in the M_bh-M_*,sph diagram, and a merger-driven explanation for the origin of ES galaxies, anti-truncated stellar discs in lenticular galaxies, and the Sersicification of E galaxy light profiles
• The Host Galaxy of the Dwarf Seyfert UGC 06728
• ALMA 0.1 pc View of Molecular Clouds Associated with High-Mass Protostellar Systems in the Small Magellanic Cloud: Are Low-Metallicity Clouds Filamentary or Not?
• The Araucaria Project: Deep near-infrared photometric maps of Local and Sculptor Group galaxies. I. Carina, Fornax, Sculptor
• Revisiting multiwavelength data on the supersoft X-ray source CAL 83
• Inferring properties of dust in supernovae with neural networks
• The evolutionary state of the red giant star L${}_2$ Puppis
• Searching for new Hypervelocity Stars with Gaia DR3 and VLT/FORS2 Spectroscopy
• Magellanic System Stars Identified in SMACS J0723.3-7327 James Webb Space Telescope Early Release Observations Images
• Tidally-induced radial migration waves in LMC-like galaxies
• A Review on Resolving the Hubble Tension via Late-Universe Physics
• Braking index of the frequently glitching PSR J0537$-$6910
• The stellar content of H72.97-69.39, a potential super star cluster in the making
• Toward a Comprehensive Grid of Cepheid Models with MESA. III. Evolutionary and Pulsation Relations for Models with Core and Envelope Overshooting
• Structural parameters, chronological age and dynamical age of the LMC globular cluster NGC 1754
• Soft X-ray emission from the classical nova AT 2018bej
• Wind of Change: Faraday Rotation in a Simulated Large Magellanic Cloud
• Biases in velocity reconstruction: investigating the effects on growth rate and expansion measurements in the local universe
• Segue 2 Recently Collided with the Cetus-Palca Stream: New Opportunities to Constrain Dark Matter in an Ultra-Faint Dwarf
• Red Supergiants in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
• Cepheid Metallicity in the Leavitt Law (C-MetaLL) survey: IX. Metallicity dependence of Period-Wesenheit relations based on a homogeneous spectroscopic sample
• DELVE Milky Way Satellite Galaxy Census I: Satellite Population and Survey Selection Function in DES, DELVE, and Pan-STARRS
• Forward-modelling Milky Way Cepheids: selection effects and physical priors in the Gaia-HST calibration
• VLTI observations of the Orion Belt stars: I. eps Orionis
• A new sample of massive B-type contact binary candidates from the OGLE survey of the Magellanic Clouds
• First detections of CO absorption in the Magellanic Clouds and direct measurement of the CO-to-H${}_2$ ratio
• When Do Stars Go BOOM?
• First investigation of eclipsing binary KIC 9026766: analysis of light curve and periodic changes
• Surface brightness-color relations for red giant branch stars using asteroseismic radii and Gaia distances (the ARD method)
• DELVE-ing into the Milky Way's Globular Clusters: Assessing extra-tidal features in NGC 5897, NGC 7492, and testing detectability with deeper photometry
• New theoretical predictions on Type II Cepheids: towards a self consistent Pop. II distance scale
• XMM-Newton Observations of the High Temperature Plasma in the Large Magellanic Cloud Supernova Remnant N132D
• Chemodynamics of BoötesI with $S^5$: Revised Velocity Gradient, Dark Matter Density, and Galactic Chemical Evolution Constraints
• First detection of CF${}^{+}$ in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• New X-ray Supernova Remnants in NGC 7793
• Constraints from LIGO O3 data on gravitational-wave emission due to r-modes in the glitching pulsar PSR J0537-6910
• Studying the multi-phase interstellar medium in the Large Magellanic Cloud with SRG/eROSITA -- I. Analysis of diffuse X-ray emission
• The Magellanic Edges Survey -- II. Formation of the LMC's northern arm
• The VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars. NGC2004#115: A triple system hosting a possible short period B+BH binary
• Examining the evolution of the Supersoft X-ray Source RX J0513.9-6951
• Empirical instability strip for classical Cepheids II. The Small Magellanic Cloud galaxy
• Evolved eclipsing binary systems in the Galactic bulge: Precise physical and orbital parameters of OGLE-BLG-ECL-305487 and OGLE-BLG-ECL-116218
• Threading the Magellanic Needle: Hypervelocity Stars Trace the Past Location of the LMC
• GSE vs. LMC: reshaping of radially biased stellar haloes by satellites
• A Survey for C II Emission-Line Stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. II. Final Results and the Origin of C II Emission in [WC] Spectra
• Redshifts of Objects near 3C 220.3
• The Variable Sky Through the OGLE Eye
• Hubble Space Telescope proper motions of Large Magellanic Cloud star clusters -- II. Kinematic structure of young and intermediate-age clusters
• The fragmentation properties of massive star-forming regions in 30Dor-10 at 2000 au resolution
• A Century of Novae in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Toward a Comprehensive Grid of Cepheid Models with MESA. IV. Modest Effects of Rotation on Blue Loops
• The chemical DNA of the Magellanic Clouds VI. Origin and evolution of neutron-capture elements in the SMC
• Kinematics of Wolf-Rayet Stars in the LMC: Clues to Subtype Origins
• Decoding RR Lyrae light curves with deep learning for accurate absolute magnitude estimation
• Calibrating the Tip of the Red Giant Branch and measuring Magellanic Cloud distances to 2% exclusively with Gaia
• The Tarantula massive binary monitoring VII. The nature of the eccentric O+BH binary candidate VFTS 812
• The incidence of LBV variability in the LMC
• Validating the Angular Sizes of Red Clump Stars with Intensity Interferometry
• The position of SN 1987A
• Bar pattern speed modulation across LMC stellar populations
• Precise physical parameters of three late-type eclipsing binary giant stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• BCD spectrophotometry for massive stars in transition phases
• Comprehensive analysis of a symbiotic candidate V503 Her
• Blending from binarity in microlensing searches toward the Large Magellanic Cloud
• The signature of large scale turbulence driving on the structure of the interstellar medium
• On the dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822. I. Young, intermediate and old stellar populations
• The SAPP pipeline for the determination of stellar abundances and atmospheric parameters of stars in the core program of the PLATO mission
• Optical and near-infrared pulsation properties of RR Lyrae and Population II Cepheid variables in the Messier 15 globular cluster
• Three-dimensional geometry and dust/gas ratios in massive star forming regions over the entire LMC as revealed by IRSF/SIRIUS survey
• Spectroscopic Line Modeling of the Fastest Rotating O-type Stars
• The orbital dynamics of the LMC and SMC about the Milky Way
• Identifying Periodic Variable Stars and Eclipsing Binary Systems with Long-Term Las Cumbres Observatory Photometric Monitoring of ZTF J0139+5245