Voltage Control of a van der Waals Spin-Filter Magnetic Tunnel Junction

Abstract

Atomically thin chromium triiodide (CrI3) has recently been identified as a layered antiferromagnetic insulator, in which adjacent ferromagnetic monolayers are antiferromagnetically coupled. This unusual magnetic structure naturally comprises a series of anti-aligned spin filters which can be utilized to make spin-filter magnetic tunnel junctions with very large tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR). Here we report voltage control of TMR formed by four-layer CrI3 sandwiched by monolayer graphene contacts in a dual-gated structure. By varying the gate voltages at fixed magnetic field, the device can be switched reversibly between bistable magnetic states with the same net magnetization but drastically different resistance (by a factor of ten or more). In addition, without switching the state, the TMR can be continuously modulated between 17,000% and 57,000%, due to the combination of spin-dependent tunnel barrier with changing carrier distributions in the graphene contacts. Our work demonstrates new kinds of magnetically moderated transistor action and opens up possibilities for voltage-controlled van der Waals spintronic devices.

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• Evolution of interlayer and intralayer magnetism in three atomically thin chromium trihalides
• Spin-flop transition in atomically thin MnPS${}_3$ crystals
• Determining the phase diagram of atomically thin layered antiferromagnet CrCl${}_3$
• Microscopic understanding of magnetic interactions in bilayer CrI${}_3$
• Electrical control of magnetism by electric field and current-induced torques
• Gate-tunable spin waves in antiferromagnetic atomic bilayers
• Micromagnetometry of two-dimensional ferromagnets
• Artificial Multiferroics and Enhanced Magnetoelectric Effect in van der Waals Heterostructures
• First-principles theory of proximity spin-orbit torque on a two-dimensional magnet: Current-driven antiferromagnet-to-ferromagnet reversible transition in bilayer CrI${}_3$
• Roadmap on quantum nanotechnologies
• Roadmap for gallium arsenide spin qubits
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• Magnetic order induced polarization anomaly of Raman scattering in 2D magnet CrI${}_3$
• Magnetization textures in twisted bilayer 2D CrX${}_3$ (X=Br, I)
• Highly sensitive spin-flop transition in antiferromagnetic van-der Waals material MPS3 (M = Ni and Mn)
• High-Temperature Ferromagnetic Semiconductors: Janus Monolayer Vanadium Trihalides
• Opportunities in Electrically Tunable 2D Materials Beyond Graphene: Recent Progress and Future Outlook
• Electronic structure and magnetic properties of few-layer Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$: the key role of nonlocal electron-electron interaction effects
• Spin photogalvanic effect in two-dimensional collinear antiferromagnets
• Spin Photovoltaic Effect in Magnetic van der Waals Heterostructures
• Theory and simulations of critical temperatures in CrI3 and other 2D materials: Easy-axis magnetic order and easy-plane Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions
• Spin dynamics slowdown near the antiferromagnetic critical point in atomically thin FePS3
• Crystal Growth and Anisotropic Magnetic Properties of Quasi-2D (Fe${}_{1-x}$Ni${}_x$)${}_2$P${}_2$S${}_6$
• Role of quantum confinement and interlayer coupling in CrI${}_3$-graphene magnetic tunnel junctions
• Magnetic Proximity Effect in a van der Waals Moiré Superlattice
• Electronic Structure of Chromium Trihalides beyond Density Functional Theory
• First Principles Heisenberg Models of 2D magnetic materials: The Importance of Quantum Corrections to the Exchange Coupling
• Anisotropic spin filtering by an altermagnetic barrier in magnetic tunnel junctions
• Magnetism and stability of all primitive stacking patterns in bilayer chromium trihalides
• Chiral channel network from magnetization textures in 2D MnBi2Te4
• Dynamical mean-field study of Vanadium diselenide monolayer ferromagnetism
• Crystal Growth of the Quasi-2D Quarternary Compound AgCrP${}_2$S${}_6$ by Chemical Vapor Transport
• Understanding and tuning magnetism in layered Ising-type antiferromagnet FePSe3 for potential 2D magnet
• Cr${}_3$X${}_4$ (X=Se, Te) monolayers as new platform to realize robust spin filter, spin diode and spin valve
• Superexchange and spin-orbit coupling in monolayer and bilayer chromium trihalides
• Electrical tuning of the magnetic properties of 2D magnets: the case of ${\mathrm{Cr}}_2{\mathrm{Ge}}_2{\mathrm{Te}}_6$
• Electrical-controllable antiferromagnet-based tunnel junction
• Anomalous Tunneling Magnetoresistance Oscillation and Electrically Tunable Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Few-layer CrPS4
• Field-induced spin polarization in lightly Cr-substituted layered antiferromagnet NiPS3
• Resonance Raman Scattering and Anomalous Anti-Stokes Phenomena in CrSBr
• Observation of Weak Kondo Effect and Angle Dependent Magnetoresistance in Layered Antiferromagnetic V${}_5$S${}_8$ Single Crystal
• Exotic spintronic properties of transition-metal monolayers on graphyne
• Interlayer superexchange in bilayer chromium trihalides
• Space-Charge-Limited van der Waals Spin Transistor
• Magnetic Proximity Effect in 2D Ferromagnetic CrBr3/Graphene van der Waals Heterostructures