Is Einsteinian no-signalling violated in Bell Tests?

Abstract

Relativistic invariance is a physical law verified in several domains of physics. The impossibility of faster than light influences is not questioned by quantum theory. In quantum electrodynamics, in quantum field theory and in the standard model relativistic invariance is incorporated by construction. Quantum mechanics predicts strong long range correlations between outcomes of spin projection measurements performed in distant laboratories. In spite of these strong correlations marginal probability distributions should not depend on what was measured in the other laboratory what is called shortly: non-signalling. In several experiments, performed to test various Bell-type inequalities, some unexplained dependence of empirical marginal probability distributions on distant settings was observed . In this paper we demonstrate how a particular identification and selection procedure of paired distant outcomes is the most probable cause for this apparent violation of no-signalling principle. Thus this unexpected setting dependence does not prove the existence of superluminal influences and Einsteinian no-signalling principle has to be tested differently in dedicated experiments. We propose a detailed protocol telling how such experiments should be designed in order to be conclusive. We also explain how magical quantum correlations may be explained in a locally causal way.

26 pages,2 figures, 23 equations, 107 references. It is a revised version in which some misprints were corrected and 4 references added. The paper was accepted for publication and will be published soon

References in corpus (43)

• Experimental loophole-free violation of a Bell inequality using entangled electron spins separated by 1.3 km
• Violation of Bell's inequality under strict Einstein locality conditions
• Significant-loophole-free test of Bell's theorem with entangled photons
• A strong loophole-free test of local realism
• Detection-Loophole-Free Test of Quantum Nonlocality, and Applications
• Loopholes in Bell Inequality Tests of Local Realism
• Understanding quantum measurement from the solution of dynamical models
• Is the Fair Sampling Assumption supported by EPR Experiments?
• Bell's inequality and the coincidence-time loophole
• Bell's theorem: Critique of proofs with and without inequalities
• Asymptotically optimal data analysis for rejecting local realism
• A sub-ensemble theory of ideal quantum measurement processes
• CHSH inequality: Quantum probabilities as classical conditional probabilities
• Bell violation with entangled photons, free of the coincidence-time loophole
• Event-based computer simulation model of Aspect-type experiments strictly satisfying Einstein's locality conditions
• Where Bell went wrong
• Possible Experience: from Boole to Bell
• Test of the no-signaling principle in the Hensen "loophole-free CHSH experiment"
• Exploring the limits of quantum nonlocality with entangled photons
• A New Fundamental Evidence of Non-Classical Structure in the Combination of Natural Concepts
• Event-by-event simulation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm experiments
• Event-based simulation of quantum physics experiments
• Analysis of assumptions of recent tests of local realism
• Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm laboratory experiments: Data analysis and simulation
• Bell Inequalities, Experimental Protocols and Contextuality
• Can we close the Bohr-Einstein quantum debate?
• The contextuality loophole is fatal for Bell inequalities: Reply to a comment by I. Schmelzer
• EPR Paradox, Quantum Nonlocality and Physical Reality
• No-Forcing and No-Matching Theorems for Classical Probability Applied to Quantum Mechanics
• Entanglement and Quantum Nonlocality Demystified
• Data analysis of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm laboratory experiments
• After Bell
• Hidden assumptions in the derivation of the Theorem of Bell
• EPR Paradox,Locality and Completeness of Quantum Theory
• Quantum Hocus Pocus
• Is the quantum theory predictably complete?
• Assumptions Underlying Bell's Inequalities
• Breakdown of statistical inference from some random experiments
• Time Series, Stochastic Processes and Completeness of Quantum Theory
• Seventy Years of the EPR Paradox
• Reply to Comment on "A local realist model for correlations of the singlet state"
• Relational causality and classical probability: Grounding quantum phenomenology in a superclassical theory
• Causality and local determinism versus quantum nonlocality

Cited by in corpus (14)

• Is the Moon there if nobody looks: Bell Inequalities and Physical Reality
• Contextuality-by-Default description of Bell tests: Contextuality as the rule not as an exception
• Contextuality or nonlocality; what would John Bell choose today?
• Quantum Mechanics and modelling of physical reality
• Bounding the plausibility of physical theories in a device-independent setting via hypothesis testing
• Quantum Nonlocality: how does Nature do it?
• A loophole of all `loophole-free' Bell-type theorems
• My discussions of quantum foundations with John Stewart Bell
• Violation of CHSH inequality and marginal laws in mixed sequential measurements with order effects
• Violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality and marginal laws in a single-entity Bell-test experiment
• Statistical Contextual Explanation of Quantum Paradoxes
• Quantum entanglement partly demystified
• Quantum entanglement in physical and cognitive systems: a conceptual analysis and a general representation
• Violation of no-signaling on a public quantum computer