Bell violation with entangled photons, free of the coincidence-time loophole

Abstract

In a local realist world view, physical properties are defined prior to and independent of measurement, and no physical influence can propagate faster than the speed of light. Proper experimental violation of a Bell inequality would show that the world cannot be described within local realism. Such experiments usually require additional assumptions that make them vulnerable to a number of "loopholes." A recent experiment [Giustina et al, Nature, 2013] violated a Bell inequality without being vulnerable to the detection (or fair-sampling) loophole, therefore not needing the fair-sampling assumption. Here we analyze the more subtle coincidence-time loophole, and propose and prove the validity of two different methods of data analysis that avoid it. Both methods are general and can be used both for pulsed and continuous-wave experiments. We apply them to demonstrate that the experiment mentioned above violates local realism without being vulnerable to the coincidence-time loophole, therefore not needing the corresponding fair-coincidence assumption.

7 pages

References in corpus (1)

• Detection-Loophole-Free Test of Quantum Nonlocality, and Applications

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Significant-loophole-free test of Bell's theorem with entangled photons
• Loopholes in Bell Inequality Tests of Local Realism
• Cosmic Bell Test: Measurement Settings from Milky Way Stars
• Cosmic Bell Test using Random Measurement Settings from High-Redshift Quasars
• Requirements for a loophole-free photonic Bell test using imperfect setting generators
• A Robust Mathematical Model for Clauser-Horne Experiments, With Implications for Rigorous Statistical Analysis
• Hacking energy-time entanglement-based systems with classical light
• Long-distance distribution of genuine energy-time entanglement
• Experimental refutation of real-valued quantum mechanics under strict locality conditions
• (Nearly) optimal P-values for all Bell inequalities
• Bell Inequalities, Experimental Protocols and Contextuality
• EPR Paradox, Quantum Nonlocality and Physical Reality
• Understanding quantum mechanics: a review and synthesis in precise language
• On the equivalence of Clauser-Horne and Eberhard inequality based tests
• Is Einsteinian no-signalling violated in Bell Tests?
• On the Feasibility of Bell Inequality Violation at ATLAS Experiment with Flavor Entanglement of $B^0{\bar{B}}^0$ Pairs from $pp$ Collisions
• Bell Inequalities for Continuously Emitting Sources
• High-Visibility Time-Bin Entanglement for Testing Chained Bell Inequalities
• Analysis of Coincidence-Time Loopholes in Experimental Bell Tests
• Counterfactual restrictions and Bell's theorem
• Eberhardt's inequality and recent loophole-free experiments
• Violating Bell inequality using weak coherent states
• Enhanced Bell state measurement for efficient measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using 3-dimensional quantum states
• Tight Bounds for the Pearle-Braunstein-Caves Chained Inequality Without the Fair-Coincidence Assumption
• Quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping with long baseline in outer space
• Significance tests and sample homogeneity loophole
• Testing of quantum nonlocal correlations under constrained free will and imperfect detectors
• Closing the detection loophole in the triangle network with high-dimensional photonic states
• A New Loophole in Recent Bell Test Experiments
• Modeling the Eberhard inequality based tests
• Violation of Bell Inequalities: Mapping the Conceptual Implications