Nonlinear spin current generation in noncentrosymmetric spin-orbit coupled systems

Abstract

Spin current plays a central role in spintronics. In particular, finding more efficient ways to generate spin current has been an important issue and studied actively. For example, representative methods of spin current generation include spin polarized current injections from ferromagnetic metals, spin Hall effect, and spin battery. Here we theoretically propose a new mechanism of spin current generation based on nonlinear phenomena. By using Boltzmann transport theory, we show that a simple application of the electric field $\mathbf{E}$ induces spin current proportional to ${\mathbf{E}}^2$ in noncentrosymmetric spin-orbit coupled systems. We demonstrate that the nonlinear spin current of the proposed mechanism is supported in the surface state of three-dimensional topological insulators and two-dimensional semiconductors with the Rashba and/or Dresselhaus interaction. In the latter case, the angular dependence of the nonlinear spin current can be manipulated by the direction of the electric field and by the ratio of the Rashba and Dresselhaus interactions. We find that the magnitude of the spin current largely exceeds those in the previous methods for a reasonable magnitude of the electric field. Furthermore, we show that application of AC electric fields (e.g. terahertz light) leads to the rectifying effect of the spin current where DC spin current is generated. These findings will pave a new route to manipulate the spin current in noncentrosymmetric crystals.

10 pages, 4 figures

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• Oxygen-induced in-situ manipulation of the interlayer coupling and exciton recombination in Bi2Se3/MoS2 2D heterostructures
• A comprehensive theory of second-order spin photocurrents
• Nonlinear Superconducting Magnetoelectric Effect
• Valley contrasting bulk photovoltaic effect in antiferromagnetic MnPSe${}_3$ monolayer
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• Role of Berry curvature in the generation of spin currents in Rashba systems
• Theory of bilinear magneto-electric resistance from topological-insulator surface states
• Generation of modulated magnetic structure based on cluster multipole: Application to $\alpha$-Mn and Co$M_3$S${}_6$
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• Non-Linear Hall Effect in Multi-Weyl Semimetals
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• Manipulating Photogalvanic Effects in Two-Dimensional Multiferroic Breathing Kagome Materials
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• Magnus spin Hall and spin Nernst effects in gapped 2D Rashba systems
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• Symmetry-driven Intrinsic Nonlinear Pure Spin Hall Effect
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• Spin Currents in Rashba Altermagnets: From Equilibrium to Nonlinear Regimes
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• Problem of nonlinear conductivity within relaxation time approximation in noncentrosymmetric insulators
• Dynamical Spin-Orbit-Based Spin Transistor
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• Spin-current diode with a monoaxial chiral magnet
• General solution for the response of materials under radiation and tilted magnetic field: semi-classical regime
• Fourth-order and six-order nonlinear spin current rectifier in three-dimensional $h$-wave and $j$-wave odd-parity magnet