Role of Berry curvature in the generation of spin currents in Rashba systems

Abstract

We study the background (equilibrium), linear and nonlinear spin currents in 2D Rashba spin-orbit coupled systems with Zeeman splitting and in 3D noncentrosymmetric metals using modified spin current operator by inclusion of the anomalous velocity. The linear spin Hall current arises due to the anomalous velocity of charge carriers induced by the Berry curvature. The nonlinear spin current occurs due to the band velocity and/or the anomalous velocity. For 2D Rashba systems, the background spin current saturates at high Fermi energy (independent of the Zeeman coupling), linear spin current exhibits a plateau at the Zeeman gap and nonlinear spin currents are peaked at the gap edges. The magnitude of the nonlinear spin current peaks enhances with the strength of Zeeman interaction. The linear spin current is polarized out of plane, while the nonlinear ones are polarized in-plane. We witness pure anomalous nonlinear spin current with spin polarization along the direction of propagation. In 3D noncentrosymmetric metals, background and linear spin currents are monotonically increasing functions of Fermi energy, while nonlinear spin currents vary non-monotonically as a function of Fermi energy and are independent of the Berry curvature. These findings may provide useful information to manipulate spin currents in Rashba spin-orbit coupled systems.

arXiv comment13 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (43)

• Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications
• Spin Hall effect
• Electronic spin transport and spin precession in single graphene layers at room temperature
• Universal Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect
• Basic obstacle for electrical spin-injection from a ferromagnetic metal into a diffusive semiconductor
• Dissipationless Quantum Spin Current at Room Temperature
• Experimental observation of the spin-Hall effect in a two dimensional spin-orbit coupled semiconductor system
• Quantum nonlinear Hall effect induced by Berry curvature dipole in time-reversal invariant materials
• Wave-packet dynamics in slowly perturbed crystals: Gradient corrections and Berry-phase effects
• Theory of magnon-driven spin Seebeck effect
• Highly efficient and tuneable spin-to-charge conversion through Rashba coupling at oxide interfaces
• Spin current and polarization in impure 2D electron systems with spin-orbit coupling
• Fermi level dependent charge-to-spin current conversion by Dirac surface state of topological insulators
• On A Proper Definition of Spin Current
• SU(2) Non-Abelian Holonomy and Dissipationless Spin Current in Semiconductors
• Berry phase, hyperorbits, and the Hofstadter spectrum
• An observation of spin-valve effects in a semiconductor field effect transistor: a novel spintronic device
• Persistent current in ballistic mesoscopic rings with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
• Persistent Spin Textures in Semiconductor Nanostructures
• The angular spin current and its physical consequences
• The definition of the spin current: The angular spin current and its physical consequences
• Anomalous Hall effect in paramagnetic two dimensional systems
• Symmetry and Quantum Kinetics of the Non-linear Hall Effect
• Nonlinear valley and spin currents from Fermi pocket anisotropy in 2D crystals
• Persistent spin current in nano-devices and definition of the spin current
• Nonlinear spin current generation in noncentrosymmetric spin-orbit coupled systems
• Persistent spin currents in mesoscopic Heisenberg rings
• Crystal Symmetry, Electron-Phonon Coupling, and Superconducting Tendencies in Li${}_2$Pd${}_3$B and Li${}_2$Pt${}_3$B
• Gate-tunable spin-charge conversion and a role of spin-orbit interaction in graphene
• Spin Accumulation and Equilibrium Currents at the Edge of 2DEGs with Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Spin-current induced electric field
• Intrinsic Magnetoconductivity of Non-magnetic Metals
• Consistency in Formulation of Spin Current and Torque Associated with a Variance of Angular Momentum
• Mechanical measurement of equilibrium spin currents in the Rashba medium
• Unconventional thermoelectric behaviors and enhancement of figure of merit in Rashba spintronic systems
• Transport Theory of Metallic B20 Helimagnets
• Majorana-like localized spin density without bound states in topologically trivial spin-orbit coupled nanowires
• Magnetic field effects on a nanowire with inhomogeneous Rashba spin-orbit coupling: Spin properties at equilibrium
• Photoinduced helical metal and magnetization in two-dimensional electron systems with spin-orbit coupling
• Spin-Hall conductivity of a spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit interaction and magnetic impurities
• Effects of impurities on Hc2(T) in superconductors without inversion symmetry
• Thermoelectric and optical probes for a Fermi surface topology change in noncentrosymmetric metals
• Understanding spin Hall effect in two-dimensional fermionic systems with generic spin-orbit interaction

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Topological nature of the proper spin current and the spin-Hall torque
• Chiral anomalies in 3D spin-orbit coupled metals: electrical, thermal, and gravitational anomaly
• Band tilt induced nonlinear Nernst effect in topological insulators: An efficient generation of high-performance spin polarization
• Spin-Hall effect in topological materials: Evaluating the proper spin current in systems with arbitrary degeneracies
• Magnus spin Hall and spin Nernst effects in gapped 2D Rashba systems
• Symmetry-driven Intrinsic Nonlinear Pure Spin Hall Effect
• Spin Currents in Rashba Altermagnets: From Equilibrium to Nonlinear Regimes
• Energy magnetization and transport in systems with a non-zero Berry curvature in a magnetic field
• Extended Haldane Model in The Dice Lattice: Multiple Flat-Band-Induced topological Transitions Revealed