SDSS IV MaNGA - Spatially resolved diagnostic diagrams: A proof that many galaxies are LIERs

Abstract

We study the spatially resolved excitation properties of the ionised gas in a sample of 646 galaxies using integral field spectroscopy data from SDSS-IV MaNGA. Making use of Baldwin-Philips-Terlevich diagnostic diagrams we demonstrate the ubiquitous presence of extended (kpc scale) low ionisation emission-line regions (LIERs) in both star forming and quiescent galaxies. In star forming galaxies LIER emission can be associated with diffuse ionised gas, most evident as extra-planar emission in edge-on systems. In addition, we identify two main classes of galaxies displaying LIER emission: `central LIER' (cLIER) galaxies, where central LIER emission is spatially extended, but accompanied by star formation at larger galactocentric distances, and `extended LIER' (eLIER) galaxies, where LIER emission is extended throughout the whole galaxy. In eLIER and cLIER galaxies, LIER emission is associated with radially flat, low H$\alpha$ equivalent width of line emission ($<$ 3 Å) and stellar population indices demonstrating the lack of young stellar populations, implying that line emission follows tightly the continuum due to the underlying old stellar population. The H$\alpha$ surface brightness radial profiles are always shallower than $1/{\mathrm{r}}^2$ and the line ratio [OIII]$\lambda$5007/[OII]$\lambda$3727,29 (a tracer of the ionisation parameter of the gas) shows a flat gradient. This combined evidence strongly supports the scenario in which LIER emission is not due to a central point source but to diffuse stellar sources, the most likely candidates being hot, evolved (post-asymptotic giant branch) stars. Shocks are observed to play a significant role in the ionisation of the gas only in rare merging and interacting systems.

arXiv commentaccepted for publication in MNRAS, 26 pages, 17 figures

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• H$\alpha$-based Star Formation Rates in and around z $\sim$ 0.5 EDisCS clusters
• Ionized gas in quiescent galaxies: Temperature measurement and constraint on the ionization source
• MaNGA AGN dwarf galaxies (MAD). III. The role of mergers and environment in active galactic nucleus activity in dwarf galaxies
• Euclid preparation. Optical emission-line predictions of intermediate-z galaxy populations in GAEA for the Euclid Deep and Wide Surveys
• Bidimensional Exploration of the warm-Temperature Ionised gaS (BETIS) I. Showcase sample and first results
• IFU observations of the inner 200 pc of NGC 4546: gas rotation, non-circular motions and ionised outflows
• Revisiting the Giant Radio Galaxy ESO 422-G028: Part I. Discovery of a neutral inflow and recent star formation in a restarted giant
• Deciphering the Origin of Ionized Gas in IC 1459 with VLT/MUSE
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: the physical origin of off-galaxy H$\alpha$ blobs in the local Universe
• X-ray Selected Narrow-Line Active Galactic Nuclei in the COSMOS Field: Nature of Optically Dull Active Galactic Nuclei
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Disk-halo interactions in radio-selected star-forming galaxies
• Diffuse LINER-type emission from extended disc regions of barred galaxies
• Searching for Spectroscopic Signatures of Ongoing Quenching in SDSS Galaxies
• Cloudy-Maraston: Integrating nebular continuum and line emission with the Maraston stellar population synthesis models
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Ionization sources of diffuse extra-planar galactic medium
• Digging deeper into NGC\,6868 I: stellar population
• Feeding the Dead: Neutral Gas Inflow in a Long-Quenched Ancient Massive Galaxy at $z\sim 2.7$ Observed with JWST/NIRSpec
• Disentangling the physical origin of emission line ratio offsets at high redshift with spatially resolved spectroscopy
• Extended Emission-line Region in a Poststarburst Galaxy Hosting Tidal Disruption Event AT2019qiz and Quasiperiodic Eruptions
• A MaNGA view of isolated galaxy mergers in the star-forming Main Sequence
• An early-type galaxy with an inner star-forming disk
• A study of the central stellar populations of galaxies in SDSS-IV MaNGA: identification of a sub-sample with unusually young and massive stars
• The importance of the diffuse ionized gas for interpreting galaxy spectra
• Measuring the Metallicity of Early-type Galaxies. I. Composite Region
• TP-AGB stars and stellar population properties of a post-starburst galaxy at $z\sim 2$ through optical and NIR spectroscopy with JWST
• The ALMaQUEST Survey XVII: Unveiling Multiple Quenching Pathways in Green Valley Galaxies via Molecular Gas and Quenching Timescale Analyses
• Mapping the Excitation Mechanisms in the LINER I Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 5005: Positive Feedback and a Thin LINER Cocoon
• Shocked POststarburst Galaxy Survey. IV. Outflows in Shocked Post-Starburst Galaxies Are Not Responsible For Quenching
• Spatially Extended Low Ionization Emission Regions (LIERs) at $z\sim 0.9$
• Diffuse Ionized Gas in the Anti-center of the Milky Way
• The origin of double-peaked narrow emission-line galaxies in MaNGA Survey
• The Eddington Ratio Distribution of Narrow Line Active Galactic Nuclei
• The local and global properties of different types of supernova host galaxies
• Digging deeper into NGC 6868 II: ionized gas and excitation mechanism
• The Galaxy Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS): N. Unveiling physical processes in local active galaxies. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of JWST MIRI/MRS observations
• Predicting Resolved Dust Attenuation from Local Galaxy Properties Using MaNGA
• Optimal strategies for measuring gas-phase metallicities in intermediate-redshift non-AGN and AGN-host galaxies using future instrumentation
• Fueling, Evolution, and Diversity of AGN in Dwarf Galaxies: Insights from Star Formation and Black Hole Scaling Relations
• Physical Drivers of Emission Line Diversity of SDSS Seyfert 2s and LINERs After Removal of Contributions by Star Formation
• Morpho-kinematics of MACS J0416.1-2403 low mass galaxies
• The extension of the Fundamental Metallicity Relation beyond the BPT star-forming sequence: evidence for both gas accretion and starvation
• UV bright red-sequence galaxies: a comparative study between UV upturn and UV weak systems
• Common Excitation Patterns of Star Formation, Active Galactic Nuclei, and Shocks in Seyfert Galaxies