Star formation quenching stages of active and non-active galaxies

Abstract

The mechanisms that bring galaxies to strongly reduce their star formation activity (star-formation quenching) is still poorly understood. To better study galaxy evolution, we propose a classification based on the maps of the ionised hydrogen distribution, traced by kpc-resolved, equivalent width of H$\alpha$ maps, and the nuclear activity of the galaxies using information from the BPT diagnostic diagrams. Using these tools, we group a sample of 238 galaxies from the CALIFA survey in six quenching stages (QS): objects dominated by recent star formation; systems that present a quiescent-nuclear-ring structure in their centre; galaxies that are centrally-quiescent; galaxies with no clear pattern in their ionisation gas distribution - mixed; systems that posses only a few star-forming regions - nearly-retired, or galaxies that are completely quiescent - fully-retired. Regarding their nuclear activity, we further divide the galaxies into two groups - active systems that host a weak or strong AGN in their centre, and non-active objects. Galaxies grouped into quenching stage classes occupy specific locations on the star-formation-rate versus stellar mass diagram. The "Blue cloud" is populated by the star-forming and the quiescent-nuclear-ring galaxies, the "Green valley" is populated by centrally-quiescent and mixed systems, "Red sequence" by the nearly- and fully-retired objects. Generally, galaxies that host a weak or strong AGN show properties, comparable to the non-active counterparts at the same quenching stages, except for the AGN-hosting star-forming systems. The degree of the star-formation quenching increases along the present emission-line pattern sequence from star-forming to fully-retired. The proposed emission-line classes reinforce the "inside-out" quenching scenario, which foresees that the suppression of the star-formation begins from the central regions of the galaxies.

24 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

References in corpus (39)

• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• The Host Galaxies and Classification of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Overview of the SDSS-IV MaNGA Survey: Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory
• UV Star Formation Rates in the Local Universe
• A Highly Consistent Framework for the Evolution of the Star-Forming "Main Sequence" from z~0-6
• The Co-Evolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes: Insights from Surveys of the Contemporary Universe
• Detection of quiescent galaxies in a bicolor sequence from z=0-2
• The SAURON project -- IX. A kinematic classification for early-type galaxies
• A systematic variation of the stellar initial mass function in early-type galaxies
• xCOLD GASS: the complete IRAM-30m legacy survey of molecular gas for galaxy evolution studies
• Measuring the inclination and mass-to-light ratio of axisymmetric galaxies via anisotropic Jeans models of stellar kinematics
• An Objective Definition for the Main Sequence of Star-Forming Galaxies
• CALIFA: a diameter-selected sample for an integral field spectroscopy galaxy survey
• The impact of interactions, bars, bulges, and AGN on star formation efficiency in local massive galaxies
• CALIFA, the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. II. First public data release
• CALIFA, the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. III. Second public data release
• A Survey of Galaxy Kinematics to z ~ 1 in the TKRS/GOODS-N Field. I. Rotation and Dispersion Properties
• Star formation is boosted (and quenched) from the inside out: radial star formation profiles from MaNGA
• Stellar kinematics across the Hubble sequence in the CALIFA survey: General properties and aperture corrections
• Diffuse ionized gas in galaxies across the Hubble sequence at the CALIFA resolution
• Are galactic star formation and quenching governed by local, global or environmental phenomena?
• Two-dimensional multi-component photometric decomposition of CALIFA galaxies
• The impact of galactic properties and environment on the quenching of central and satellite galaxies: A comparison between SDSS, Illustris and L-Galaxies
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Effects of Morphology in the global and local Star Formation Main Sequences
• Galaxies hosting an AGN: a view from the CALIFA survey
• IMF shape constraints from stellar populations and dynamics from CALIFA
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: What Shapes The Distribution Of Metals In Galaxies? Exploring The Roles Of The Local Gas Fraction And Escape Velocity
• The spatially resolved star formation history of CALIFA galaxies: Cosmic time scales
• The spatially-resolved star formation histories of CALIFA galaxies: Implications for galaxy formation
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Inside-out vs. outside-in quenching in different local environments
• What shapes a galaxy? - Unraveling the role of mass, environment and star formation in forming galactic structure
• Star formation in the local Universe from the CALIFA sample. II. Activation and quenching mechanisms in bulges, bars, and disks
• Resolved star formation and molecular gas properties of green valley galaxies: a first look with ALMA and MaNGA
• The CALIFA view on stellar angular momentum across the Hubble sequence
• Star formation of far-IR AGN and non-AGN galaxies in the green valley: possible implication of AGN positive feedback
• The PyCASSO database: Spatially resolved stellar population properties for CALIFA galaxies
• Tracing the Dynamical Mass in Galaxy Disks Using HI Velocity Dispersion and its Implications for the Dark Matter Distribution in Galaxies
• The inner mass distribution of late-type spiral galaxies from SAURON stellar kinematic maps
• Early Science with the Large Millimeter Telescope: Exploring the Effect of AGN Activity on the Relationships Between Molecular Gas, Dust, and Star Formation

Cited by in corpus (21)

• The EDGE-CALIFA survey: The role of spiral arms and bars in driving central molecular gas concentrations
• Star-forming early- and quiescent late-type galaxies in the local Universe
• The miniJPAS survey: Identification and characterization of the emission line galaxies down to $z<0.35$ in the AEGIS field
• Properties of galaxies with ring structures
• Witnessing the star-formation quenching in $L_{\ast }$ ellipticals
• Inside-out star formation quenching and the need for a revision of bulge-disk decomposition concepts for spiral galaxies
• Bulgeless disks, dark galaxies, inverted color gradients, and other expected phenomena at higher z. The chromatic surface brightness modulation (CMOD) effect
• Investigating the link between inner gravitational potential and star-formation quenching in CALIFA galaxies
• The GMRT archive atomic gas survey -- II. Mass modelling and dark matter halo properties across late-type spirals
• The origin of star-forming rings in S0 galaxies
• The PAU Survey: galaxy stellar population properties estimates with narrowband data
• The EDGE-CALIFA survey: Star formation relationships for galaxies at different stages of their evolution
• AGN lifetimes in UV-selected galaxies: a clue to supermassive black hole-host galaxy coevolution
• Optimizing spectral stacking for 21-cm observations of galaxies: accuracy assessment and symmetrized stacking
• The EDGE-CALIFA survey: The effect of active galactic nucleus feedback on the integrated properties of galaxies at different stages of their evolution
• Hubble Space Telescope Captures UGC~12591: Bulge/Disc Properties, Star Formation and `Missing Baryons' Census in a Very Massive and Fast Spinning Hybrid Galaxy
• Direct Detection of Type II-P Supernova Progenitors with the $\text{Euclid}$ and CSST Surveys
• A semi-analytical perspective on massive red galaxies: I. Assembly history, environment & redshift evolution
• Radar-Chart Analysis of Star-Formation Quenching Stages Across Circular Velocity Curve Classes in Nearby CALIFA Galaxies
• Galaxy evolution on resolved scales: ageing and quenching in CALIFA
• The impact of selection criteria on the properties of green valley galaxies