Structure and electronic transport in graphene wrinkles
arXiv:1207.2994 · doi:10.1021/nl300563h
Abstract
Wrinkling is a ubiquitous phenomenon in two-dimensional membranes. In particular, in the large-scale growth of graphene on metallic substrates, high densities of wrinkles are commonly observed. Despite their prevalence and potential impact on large-scale graphene electronics, relatively little is known about their structural morphology and electronic properties. Surveying the graphene landscape using atomic force microscopy, we found that wrinkles reach a certain maximum height before folding over. Calculations of the energetics explain the morphological transition, and indicate that the tall ripples are collapsed into narrow standing wrinkles by van der Waals forces, analogous to large-diameter nanotubes. Quantum transport calculations show that conductance through these collapsed wrinkle structures is limited mainly by a density-of-states bottleneck and by interlayer tunneling across the collapsed bilayer region. Also through systematic measurements across large numbers of devices with wide folded wrinkles, we find a distinct anisotropy in their electrical resistivity, consistent with our transport simulations. These results highlight the coupling between morphology and electronic properties, which has important practical implications for large-scale high-speed graphene electronics.
arXiv comment5 figures supplemental information in separated file
References in corpus (21)
- Large-Area Synthesis of High-Quality and Uniform Graphene Films on Copper Foils
- 30 inch Roll-Based Production of High-Quality Graphene Films for Flexible Transparent Electrodes
- Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics
- Suspended Graphene: a bridge to the Dirac point
- Imaging Grains and Grain Boundaries in Single-Layer Graphene: An Atomic Patchwork Quilt
- Intrinsic ripples in graphene
- Control and Characterization of Individual Grains and Grain Boundaries in Graphene Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition
- Charged Impurity Scattering in Graphene
- The interlayer cohesive energy of graphite from thermal desorption of polyaromatic hydrocarbons
- Graphene films with large domain size by a two-step chemical vapor deposition process
- Periodically rippled graphene: growth and spatially resolved electronic structure
- Electron scattering on microscopic corrugations in graphene
- Carrier scattering, mobilities and electrostatic potential in mono-, bi- and tri-layer graphenes
- Wafer Scale Homogeneous Bilayer Graphene Films by Chemical Vapor Deposition
- Midgap states and charge inhomogeneities in corrugated graphene
- Multiply Folded Graphene
- Transport Between Twisted Graphene Layers
- Reliably Counting Atomic Planes of Few-Layer Graphene (n>4)
- Gauge fields, ripples and wrinkles in graphene layers
- Substrate Gating of Contact Resistance in Graphene Transistors
- Multi-carrier Transport in Epitaxial Multi-layer Graphene
Cited by in corpus (50)
- Graphene Plasmonics for Terahertz to Mid-Infrared Applications
- Selective metal deposition at graphene line defects by atomic layer deposition
- Optical Third-Harmonic Generation in Graphene
- Electronic and plasmonic phenomena at graphene grain boundaries
- The deformation of wrinkled graphene
- Strain superlattices and macroscale suspension of Graphene induced by corrugated substrates
- Formation and control of wrinkles in graphene by the wedging transfer method
- Scaling behavior and strain dependence of in-plane elastic properties of graphene
- Suppression of Multilayer Graphene Patches during CVD Graphene growth on Copper
- Hierarchy of Graphene Wrinkles Induced by Thermal Strain Engineering
- Electronic Hybridization of Large-Area Stacked Graphene Films
- Improved topological conformity enhances heat conduction across metal contacts on transferred graphene
- Pinhole-seeded lateral epitaxy and exfoliation of GaSb films on graphene-terminated surfaces
- Mechanics of nanoscale wrinkling of graphene on a non-developable spherical surface
- Quantum Wires and Waveguides Formed in Graphene by Strain
- Curvature dependent surface energy for a free standing monolayer graphene: some closed form solutions of the nonlinear theory
- Out-of-plane structural flexibility of phosphorene
- Topologically confined states at corrugations of gated bilayer graphene
- Graphene Plasmons in Triangular Wedges and Grooves
- Entropic Effects of Thermal Rippling on van der Waals Interactions between Monolayer Graphene and a Rigid Substrate
- Origins of leakage currents on electrolyte-gated graphene field-effect transistors
- Effects of thermal rippling on the frictional properties of free-standing graphene
- Grain Boundaries in Chemical Vapor Deposited Atomically Thin Hexagonal Boron Nitride
- Ripplocations in Layered Materials: Sublinear Scaling and Basal Climb
- Low-friction, wear-resistant, and electrically homogeneous multilayer graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition on molybdenum
- Formation of wrinkles on graphene induced by nanoparticles: atomic force microscopy study
- Constitutive modeling of some 2D crystals: graphene, hexagonal BN, MoS, WSe and NbSe
- Enhancing the Adhesion of Graphene to Polymer Substrates by Controlled Defect Formation
- Anomalous dissipation mechanism and Hall quantization limit in polycrystalline graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition
- Manipulation of graphene's dynamic ripples by local harmonic out-of-plane excitation
- Determination of the elastic moduli of CVD graphene by probing graphene/polymer Bragg stacks
- Bending-Induced Delamination of van der Waals Solids
- Electronic transport in graphene with out-of-plane disorder
- Multidimensional Analysis of Excitonic Spectra of Monolayers of Tungsten Disulphide: Towards Computer Aided Identification of Structural and Environmental Perturbations of 2D Materials
- Sublattice symmetry breaking and ultra low energy excitations in Graphene-on-hBN Heterostructures
- Soliton instability and fold formation in laterally compressed few-layer graphene
- Wrinkles of graphene on Ir(111): Macroscopic network ordering and internal multi-lobed structure
- One-Dimensional Moiré Physics and Chemistry in Heterostrained Bilayer Graphene
- Enhanced electrical transport through wrinkles in turbostratic graphene films
- Weighting graphene with QCM to monitor interfacial mass changes
- Graphene Induced Large Shift of Surface Plasmon Resonances of Gold Films: Effective Medium Theory for Atomically Thin Materials
- Wide field of view crystal orientation mapping of layered materials
- Nuclear-induced dephasing and signatures of hyperfine effects in isotopically purified C graphene
- Surface structures of graphene covered Cu (103)
- Strain-engineered wrinkles on graphene using polymeric actuators
- Prediction of structure-dependent thermal transport behavior in self-folded graphene film validated by molecular dynamics simulation
- Ultrafast terahertz conductivity in epitaxial graphene nanoribbons: an interplay between photoexcited and secondary hot carriers
- A simple transcendental travelling wave solution and stability study for the thermophoretic motion with variable heat transmission factors on substrate-supported grapheme sheet
- Comprehensive understanding of water-driven graphene wrinkle life-cycle towards applications in flexible electronics: A computational study
- Taxonomy of defects in semi-dry transferred CVD graphene