Field-induced polarisation of Dirac valleys in bismuth

Abstract

Electrons are offered a valley degree of freedom in presence of particular lattice structures. Manipulating valley degeneracy is the subject matter of an emerging field of investigation, mostly focused on charge transport in graphene. In bulk bismuth, electrons are known to present a threefold valley degeneracy and a Dirac dispersion in each valley. Here we show that because of their huge in-plane mass anisotropy, a flow of Dirac electrons along the trigonal axis is extremely sensitive to the orientation of in-plane magnetic field. Thus, a rotatable magnetic field can be used as a valley valve to tune the contribution of each valley to the total conductivity. According to our measurements, charge conductivity by carriers of a single valley can exceed four-fifth of the total conductivity in a wide range of temperature and magnetic field. At high temperature and low magnetic field, the three valleys are interchangeable and the three-fold symmetry of the underlying lattice is respected. As the temperature lowers and/or the magnetic field increases, this symmetry is spontaneously lost. The latter may be an experimental manifestation of the recently proposed valley-nematic Fermi liquid state.

14 pages + 5 pages of supplementary information; a slightly modified version will appear as an article in Nature physics

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Cited by in corpus (103)

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• Three-band tight-binding model for monolayers of group-VIB transition metal dichalcogenides
• Magnetic Control of Valley Pseudospin in Monolayer WSe2
• Concepts of Ferrovalley Material and Anomalous Valley Hall Effect
• Topological Phases in Two-Dimensional Materials: A Brief Review
• Valley Vortex States in Sonic Crystals
• Valley dynamics probed through charged and neutral exciton emission in monolayer WSe2
• Magnetoelectric effects and valley controlled spin quantum gates in transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers
• Field-Effect Transistors Based on Few-Layered alpha-MoTe_2
• Intrinsic spin Hall effect in monolayers of group-VI dichalcogenides: A first-principles study
• Quantum oscillations, thermoelectric coefficients and the Fermi surface of semi-metallic WTe2
• Quantum Hall effect in a bulk antiferromagnet EuMnBi${}_2$ with magnetically confined two-dimensional Dirac fermions
• Valley-dependent properties of monolayer MoSi${}_2$N${}_4$, WSi${}_2$N${}_4$ and MoSi${}_2$As${}_4$
• Large linear magnetoresistance in the Dirac semimetal TlBiSSe
• Large valley splitting in monolayer WS${}_2$ by proximity coupling to an insulating antiferromagnetic substrate
• Magnetic control of the valley degree of freedom of massive Dirac fermions with application to transition metal dichalcogenides
• A Non-Centrosymmetric Superconductor with a Bulk 3D Dirac Cone Gapped by Strong Spin Orbit Coupling
• Valleytronics in merging Dirac cones: All-electric-controlled valley filter, valve and universal reversible logic gate
• Quantum transport of two-dimensional Dirac fermions in SrMnBi2
• Valley-Layer Coupling: A New Design Principle for Valleytronics
• Controlled Growth of a Line Defect in Graphene and Implications for Gate-Tunable Valley Filtering
• Phonon-derived ultrafast relaxation of spin-valley polarized states in MoS_{2}
• Observation of Acoustic Valley Vortex States and Valley-Chirality Locked Beam Splitting
• Large Magnetoresistance in Compensated Semimetals TaAs${}_2$ and NbAs${}_2$
• Magnetoresistance from Fermi Surface Topology
• Observation of a Nematic Quantum Hall Liquid on the Surface of Bismuth
• Nonlinear valley and spin currents from Fermi pocket anisotropy in 2D crystals
• $4\pi$ periodic Andreev bound states in a Dirac semimetal
• Proving Nontrivial Topology of Pure Bismuth by Quantum Confinement
• Perfect Valley Filter in Topological Domain Wall
• Angle dependence of the orbital magnetoresistance in bismuth
• A possible way to achieve anomalous valley Hall effect by piezoelectric effect in $\mathrm{GdC}{\mathrm{l}}_2$ monolayer
• Valley-polarized quantum anomalous Hall phase and disorder induced valley-filtered chiral edge channels
• Large magnetoresistance in type-II Weyl semimetal WP${}_2$
• Emptying Dirac valleys in bismuth using high magnetic fields
• Field induced topological phase transition from a three-dimensional Weyl semimetal to a two-dimensional massive Dirac metal in ZrTe5
• Separation of Electron and Hole Dynamics in the Semimetal LaSb
• Thermodynamic evidence for valley-dependent density of states in bulk bismuth
• Current-induced giant diamagnetism in the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4
• Optical generation and detection of pure valley current in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
• Magnetoresistance and valley degree of freedom in bulk bismuth
• Evidence of topological two-dimensional metallic surface states in thin bismuth nanoribbons
• Valley and spin pump by scattering at non-magnetic disorders
• Intervalley Scattering of Interlayer Excitons in a MoS${}_2$/MoSe${}_2$/MoS${}_2$ Heterostructure in High Magnetic Field
• Magnetoresistance of semi-metals: the case of antimony
• Radiative lifetime of localized excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides
• Modification of electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of hole-doped tungsten dichalcogenides
• SU(3) Quantum Hall Ferromagnetism in SnTe
• Cornertronics in Two-Dimensional Second-Order Topological Insulators
• Valley filtering effect of phonons in graphene with a grain boundary
• Electron-phonon superconductivity in CaBi2 and the role of spin-orbit interaction
• Magnetotransport properties of the type II Weyl semimetal candidate Ta3S2
• Magneto-optical Kramers-Kronig analysis
• Valley Degree of Freedom in Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials
• Ultrafast valley-selective coherent optical manipulation with excitons in WSe${}_2$ and MoS${}_2$ monolayers
• Interacting multi-channel topological boundary modes in a quantum Hall valley system
• Detection of thermodynamic "valley noise" in monolayer semiconductors: access to intrinsic valley relaxation timescales
• Anisotropic Fermi surface probed by the de Haas-van Alphen oscillation in proposed Dirac Semimetal TaSb${}_2$
• Fascinating interplay between Charge Density Wave Order and magnetic field in Non-magnetic Rare-Earth Tritelluride LaTe${}_3$
• Magnetic field dependence of electronic properties of MoS${}_2$ quantum dots with different edges
• Angle-dependent magnetoresistance and its implications for Lifshitz transition in W2As3
• Magneto-Seebeck effect in bismuth
• Ferroelectric quantum Hall phase revealed by visualizing Landau level wavefunction interference
• A valleytronic diamond transistor: electrostatic control of valley-currents and charge state manipulation of NV centers
• Transmission spectra and valley processing of graphene and carbon nanotube superlattices with inter-valley coupling
• Interlayer electronic transport in CaMnBi${}_2$ antiferromagnet
• Electric field-induced valley degeneracy lifting in uniaxial strained graphene: evidence from magnetophonon resonance
• Microscopic Theory of a Quantum Hall Ising Nematic: Domain Walls and Disorder
• Giant magnetoresistance, Fermi surface topology, Shoenberg effect and vanishing quantum oscillations in type-II Dirac semimetal candidates MoSi${}_2$ and WSi${}_2$
• Quantum Hall Valley Nematics
• Gap states and valley-spin filtering in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
• Metallic state in a strongly interacting spinless two-valley electron system in two dimensions
• Magnetic field induced strong valley polarization in the three dimensional topological semimetal LaBi
• Valley relaxation in graphene due to charged impurities
• Angular dependence of magnetoresistance and planar Hall effect in semimetals in strong magnetic fields
• Boundary conductance in macroscopic bismuth crystals
• Intrinsic orbital and spin Hall effect in bismuth semimetal
• Structural-transition-induced quasi two-dimensional Fermi surface in FeSe
• Ground-state atlas of a three-dimensional semimetal in the quantum limit
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking of magnetostriction in metals with multi-valley band structure
• New applications for the world's smallest high-precision capacitance dilatometer and its stress-implementing counterpart
• Enhanced valley polarization of graphene on hBN under circularly polarized light irradiation
• Suppressed magnetic circular dichroism and valley-selective magneto-absorption due to the effective mass anisotropy in bismuth
• Realization of valley-spin polarized current via parametric pump in monolayer $\mathrm{Mo}{\mathrm{S}}_2$
• Quantum oscillations and weak anisotropic resistivity in the chiral Fermion semimetal PdGa
• Magnetic field tuning of the valley population in the Weyl phase of Nd${}_2$Ir${}_2$O${}_7$
• Quantum Confinement and Heavy Surface States of Dirac Fermions in Bismuth (111) Films: an Analytical Approach
• Unusual temperature evolution of band structure of Bi(111) studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory
• Adiabatic dechiralisation and thermodynamics of Weyl semimetals
• Theory of Nonlocal Transport from Nonlinear Valley Responses
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking and quantum Hall valley ordering on the surface of topological hexaborides
• Graphene valley polarization as a function of carrier-envelope phase in few-cycle laser pulses and its footprints in harmonic signals
• Magnetoplasmon resonances in polycrystalline bismuth as seen via terahertz spectroscopy
• Effects of strain-tunable valleys on charge transport in bismuth
• Complete Spin and Valley Polarization by Total External Reflection from Potential Barriers in Bilayer Graphene and Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
• In-plane electronic anisotropy revealed by interlayer resistivity measurements on the iron-based superconductor parent compound CaFeAsF
• Spontaneous Valley Splitting and Valley Pseudospin Field Effect Transistor of Monolayer VAgP2Se6
• Spin and valley effects on the quantum phase transition in two dimensions
• Strain- and potential-controlled tunneling in monolayer MoS${}_2$
• Experimental valley qubit state tomography and coherence induced uncertainty relations in monolayer WSe${}_2$