From a single-band metal to a high-temperature superconductor via two thermal phase transitions

Abstract

The nature of the pseudogap phase of cuprate high-temperature superconductors is a major unsolved problem in condensed matter physics. We studied the commencement of the pseudogap state at temperature T* using three different techniques (angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, polar Kerr effect, and time-resolved reflectivity) on the same optimally-doped Bi2201 crystals. We observed the coincident, abrupt onset at T* of a particle-hole asymmetric antinodal gap in the electronic spectrum, a Kerr rotation in the reflected light polarization, and a change in the ultrafast relaxational dynamics, consistent with a phase transition. Upon further cooling, spectroscopic signatures of superconductivity begin to grow close to the superconducting transition temperature (Tc), entangled in an energy-momentum-dependent fashion with the pre-existing pseudogap features, ushering in a ground state with coexisting orders.

arXiv commentScience, in press (2011)

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• Particle-Hole Symmetry Breaking in the Pseudogap State of Bi2201
• Coexistence of competing orders with two energy gaps in real and momentum space in high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+delta
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• Evolution of a pairing-induced pseudogap from the superconducting gap of (Bi,Pb)2Sr2CuO6
• Monotonic d-wave Superconducting Gap in Optimally-Doped Bi${}_2$Sr${}_{1.6}$La${}_{0.4}$CuO${}_6$ Superconductor by Laser-Based Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
• Fermi surface dichotomy on systems with fluctuating order

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