Pseudogap, Superconducting Gap, and Fermi Arc in High-Tc Cuprates Revealed by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy

Abstract

We present an overview of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies of high-temperature cuprate superconductors aiming at elucidating the relationship between the superconductivity, the pseudogap, and the Fermi arc. ARPES studies of underdoped samples show a momentum dependence of the energy gap below Tc which deviates from a simple d-wave form, suggesting the coexistence of multiple energy scales in the superconducting state. Hence, two distinct energy scales have been introduced, namely, the gap near the node (characterized by Delta_0) and in the anti-nodal region (characterized by Delta^*). Dichotomy between them has been demonstrated from the material, doping, and temperature dependence of the energy gap. While Delta^* at the same doping level is approximately material independent, Delta_0 shows a strong material dependence tracking the magnitude of Tc,max. The anti-nodal gap does not close at Tc in contrast to the gap near the node which follows something closer to a BCS-like temperature dependence. An effective superconducting gap Delta_sc defined at the end point of the Fermi arc is found to be proportional to Tc's in various materials.

20 pages, 10 figures, (SPECIAL TOPICS: Recent Developments in Superconductivity, in Journal of the Physical Society of Japan)

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• Probing a Bose Metal via Electrons: Inescapable non-Fermi liquid scattering and pseudogap physics
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• The magnetic susceptibility of YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6+x}$ crystals: unusual Curie behavior and small contributions from charge density waves
• High-entropy magnetism of murunskite
• Doping-dependent critical Cooper-pair momentum in thin, underdoped cuprate films
• Extended Uniform Ginzburg-Landau Theory for Novel Multiband Superconductors
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• Superconductivity of Bad Fermions: Origin of Two Gaps in HTSC Cuprates
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• Fallacies on pairing symmetry and intrinsic electronic Raman spectrum in high-Tc cuprate superconductors