Direct observation of bulk charge modulations in optimally-doped Bi${}_{1.5}$Pb${}_{0.6}$Sr${}_{1.54}$CaCu${}_2$O${}_{8+\delta }$

Abstract

Bulk charge density modulations, recently observed in high critical-temperature ($T_{\mathrm{c}}$) cuprate superconductors, coexist with the so-called pseudogap and compete with superconductivity. However, its direct observation has been limited to a narrow doping region in the underdoped regime. Using energy-resolved resonant x-ray scattering we have found evidence for such bulk charge modulations, or soft collective charge modes (soft CCMs), in optimally doped Bi${}_{1.5}$Pb${}_{0.6}$Sr${}_{1.54}$CaCu${}_2$O${}_{8+\delta }$ (Pb-Bi2212) around the summit of the superconducting dome with momentum transfer $q_{\parallel }\sim 0.28$ reciprocal lattice units (r.l.u.) along the Cu-O bond direction. The signal is stronger at $T\simeq T_{\mathrm{c}}$ than at lower temperatures, thereby confirming a competition between soft CCMs and superconductivity. These results demonstrate that soft CCMs are not constrained to the underdoped regime, suggesting that soft CCMs appear across a large part of the phase diagram of cuprates and are intimately entangled with high-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$ superconductivity.

arXiv comment6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

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